A Brief Introduction to Reunion, a French Overseas Province

name REunion island (l'Ile de la Reunion) code re. It covers an area of 2,512 square kilometers. Location map of French Reunion Island

Population is 79,47 (1999). The residents are mainly Malagasy, African, European, Indian, Chinese and Creole. The official language is French. 94% of the residents believe in Catholicism, and a few believe in Islam, Hinduism and Buddhism. Saint-Denis, the capital, has a population of 132,338 (1999). Jean-Luc Poudroux, local president, chairman of the provincial assembly and chairman of the Council of Ministers, was elected in April 1994 and re-elected in March 21. Reunion island

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In 1513, the Portuguese Mascarene came to an archipelago in the Indian Ocean, which was later named as the Mascarene Islands, and Reunion was one of the islands. In 1642, the French officially occupied the island and named it Bourbon Island in 1649. During the French Revolution, Bourbon Island was renamed Reunion (French for union) to symbolize the union and victory of revolutionary forces. In 1663, French immigrants and their slaves brought from Madagascar settled in Bourbon Island. As a stop for French ships travelling to and from the Indian Ocean, the island is controlled by the French East India Company. In 1767, the king of France redeemed the island and established various administrative and judicial institutions. Reunion island

A large number of immigrants and slaves were transported to the island to grow coffee. During the French Revolution, immigrants on the island set up a parliament to support * * * and. After the collapse of Napoleon's empire, Reunion was once occupied by the British and returned to France in 1815. In 1848, Reunion announced the abolition of slavery and set 6, slaves free. In the late 19th century, sugarcane replaced coffee and became the main cash crop on the island, and the sugar industry rose. During the First World War, Reunion became the sugar supplier of France, the economy developed further, and national capital began to appear. In November 1942, Charles de Gaulle's free French government sent colonial administrators to replace the governor of the former Vichy government. In 1946, the French government decided to change Reunion into an overseas province of France, which was under the jurisdiction of the French appointed governor. A large number of French administrators and engineers and technicians came to Reunion, holding almost all administrative and economic departments, which deepened ethnic contradictions, class contradictions and various social problems. In 1959, the Reunion Production Party was formally established. In February 1962, the first large-scale mass riot broke out in the history of Reunion. In 1973, Reunion became a large region of France. In recent years, the people of Reunion have been holding demonstrations and strikes, demanding equality, democracy and autonomy, and some political parties and organizations have further demanded independence.

editing the natural climate of this section

reunion island is a volcanic island in the Musklin Islands in the southwest Indian Ocean, 65 kilometers west of Madagascar and 19 kilometers northeast of Mauritius. The coastline is 27 kilometers long. Coastal tropical rainforest climate, hot and humid all year round; The interior has a mountainous climate, which is mild and cool. The average temperature in the hottest month is 26C, and that in Leng Yue is 2C. It is cool and dry from May to November every year, and it is hot and rainy from November to April. On March 9, 1998, the volcano PitondelaFournaise erupted on the island. When summer comes, the humid climate in the Indian Ocean keeps coming. In addition, there is an active volcano at an altitude of 3,69 meters on the island, and the humid airflow meets high mountains. Overview of Reunion

The upward movement of airflow is extremely intense, resulting in a rare rainstorm. Most of them are plateau mountains with narrow plains along the coast. The plateau runs obliquely through the central part in northeast and southwest directions, with volcanic mountains on both sides. The highest peak, Rifeng, is 3,69 meters above sea level, and it is a flameout mountain. Plain climate is hot and humid; The mountainous area is mild and cool, with annual precipitation of 2, ~ 3, mm on the eastern slope and below 1, mm on the western slope. Rainy areas in the world. On March 11-19 and 8, 1952, the rainstorm was 4,13 mm; On February 28th, 1964, the rainstorm reached 1,87mm in 9 hours.

Editing this paragraph of politics

In the French National Assembly election held on June 1, 1997, the Reunion Productive Party and the Socialist Alliance defeated the right-wing French Democratic Alliance and the Defending Alliance, so that four of the five French National Assembly members in Reunion were left-wing party members. In the first quarter of 1999, craftsmen, vendors and freelancers took to the streets frequently to protest against the government's high tax policy. On March 11 and 18, 21, Ré union and France held town elections simultaneously. Among the 24 cities in the island, the right-wing party with the core of defending * * * and alliance and democratic alliance won the town elections in 2 cities, including saint-denis, the capital of the island, which was originally controlled by the left-wing party, and St. Pierre, a major town in the south. The left-wing "Alliance for Economic Development", which is dominated by the socialist party, won in four cities. At present, staying in the island is in a situation of "* * * governance" by political parties at the district, provincial and town levels. Conseil Regional After the French Decentralization Law was promulgated in 1982, the Region Reunion Parliament became an independent local authority, responsible for determining and implementing the regional budget, formulating the regional economic development plan, and having autonomy in territorial improvement, education and training, and cultural promotion. There are 45 members who are directly elected for a term of six years. The current parliament was formed in March 1998. The left-wing "League for Economic Development" headed by Liu * * won 31.94% of the votes, won 19 seats, and the right-wing French Democratic Union (UPF) won 9 seats; 8 seats to defend * * * and the Alliance; "Free-Dom Mouvement" won 5 seats; "List of candidates" 4 seats. Chairman Paul Verges was elected as the chairman. The goal of this parliament is to promote the sustainable development of reunion island and fight unemployment. The local authority of the provincial council (Conseil general) has autonomy in the fields of transportation, social security, health and junior high school education. After the decentralization of power in March 1982, the chairman of the provincial Council replaced the governor as the provincial chief executive. There are 48 members, whose term of office is 6 years, and they are re-elected by 1/2 every 3 years. The current parliament was formed in April 1994, and the distribution of seats is as follows: 12 seats for the Reunion Party, 12 seats for the Socialist Party, 11 seats for the French Democratic League, 5 seats for the Defence League and 7 seats for others. Chairman Jean-Luc Poudroux was re-elected in March 21.

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There are 11 political parties, some of which are branches of or associated with French political parties. The main political parties are: (1) Le Parti commune reunion: founded in 1959, it is the most powerful and well-organized political party in the island. There are three members in the French National Assembly. General secretary Paul vergis. (2) Le ressable pour la republique: a province of France defending * * * and the Union. In 1986, he cooperated with the French Democratic Union in the regional parliamentary election and won a majority of votes, which changed the status of the majority of the Reunion Production Party and the Socialist Party. In France, there are representatives from the headquarters of the defense * * * and alliance. At present, there is one member in the French Senate, and the volcano Vernes < P > cooperates with the French Democratic Union, and there is one member in the French House of Representatives. Edmond Lauret, Secretary of the Provincial Department (3) L 'Union pour la democracy France: f. 1978. A provincial department of the French Democratic Union. In cooperation with the Defence and Alliance, there is a member of the French House of Representatives. Secretary Gilbert Gerard. (4) France-Reunion Avenir: founded in 1986, a right-wing party. In the French Senate, there is a member, Andre THIEN AH KOON, the secretary. (5) Le Parti Socialiste Federation de la Reunion: It was originally a provincial department of the French Socialist Party and separated in 1972. There is one member of the French National Assembly. General Secretary Jean-Claude Fruteau.

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The judiciary has an appeal court, two major courts, a felony court, four trial courts, two children's courts and two detention centers. HenriThiriot, President of the Court of Appeal. There are 11 political parties, some of which are branches of or associated with French political parties. There is an appeal court, two major courts, a felony court, four trial courts, two children's courts and two detention centers. Henri Thiriot, President of the Court of Appeal.

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It is divided into 4 zones (no real power) and 24 towns. The four special zones are: saint-denis, Sao Paulo, Saint Pierre and Saint benoit.

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Sugarcane farming takes up two-thirds of the cultivated land and most of the labor force, and also produces corn, vanilla, onions, tobacco leaves and so on. There is fishing along the coast. Sugar is the main industry, followed by vanilla processing and food. Sugar, molasses, sugar liquor account for more than 8% of the total export value, and the rest are flavors. Food, vegetables, meat and milk are not self-sufficient. Imports are mainly food, machinery, vehicles and petroleum products. The economy is dominated by agriculture, fisheries and tourism, among which sugarcane cultivation and sucrose production, as well as the cultivation of spices such as vanilla and geranium are the main pillars. The degree of industrialization is low. Economic development mainly depends on French aid. From 1989 to 1993, the European Union provided 45 million ecus (29 billion francs) in loans to stay in Europe to meet the requirements of the European single market. In order to speed up the integration of China and the EU, the EU provided a loan of 66 million ecus (42 billion francs) to China from 1994 to 1999. From 2 to 26, China will receive a total loan of 16 billion francs from the European Union and France. The main problem is the high unemployment rate, which is three times that of France. In 1995, the per capita GDP was only 4% of that of France. In 1995, Liu formulated a new strategy and five-year plan for the development of tourism, invested 5 million francs to develop tourism in five years to alleviate the problem of high unemployment, and successively built Liluo Airport and 271 km highway, which made the tourism industry develop greatly. Since 1996, the inflation rate in  has obviously decreased, and by 1998 it was basically close to the level in France. On January 1, 1999, the Euro was officially launched, but it did not affect the economy. At the beginning of the year, the government of  implemented the plan of "Transport en commune en site prop" with an investment of 35 million US dollars, and built the first pedestrian street on the island in Saint-Denis. Subsequently, prices began to climb, and the prices of rent, telephone, food, air transportation, gasoline, gas and tobacco rose sharply. Gross domestic product (1998): US$ 3.4 billion. Per capita GDP (1998): US$ 4,8. Growth rate of the island's GDP (1998): 3.8%. Inflation rate (1998): 1.2% Currency name: french franc. Unemployment rate (1998): 41.1% [resources] are rich in mineral deposits. There are minerals such as cobalt, copper and manganese in the sea area. Forest covers an area of 87,73 hectares, accounting for 35% of the total island area, arable land accounts for 17% of the total island area, crop planting area accounts for 3%, grassland and pasture account for 5%, and others account for 41%.

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The total industrial output value accounts for about 26.1% of the island's GDP. Mainly agricultural and sideline products processing industry (mainly sugar industry), in addition to machinery manufacturing, daily consumer goods manufacturing and so on. In 1997, there were 341 enterprises with more than five employees, an increase of 1% over the previous year. Among them, there are 26 manufacturing enterprises, accounting for about three quarters. There are 8,797 employees in the whole industry, with a total salary of 1.485 billion francs. Among them, 3,375 people are engaged in agricultural and sideline products processing industry and 5,351 people are engaged in manufacturing industry. The total industrial marketing volume was 8.516 billion francs, with an increase of 8% per capita over the previous year. The industrial added value was 2.29 billion francs, and the direct investment was 366 million francs. The industrial situation is generally good. The number of agricultural and sideline products processing enterprises is less than a quarter, but they have concentrated 4% of employees, achieved 53% of marketing amount, 45% of added value and 55% of investment. Among them, the sugar industry has achieved the most remarkable results. In 1998, the total output value of the construction industry was 5 billion francs, of which housing construction accounted for 72% and public projects accounted for 28%. Due to the development of private housing market, housing construction has been accelerated in recent years.

editing agriculture in this section

Almost all the grain is imported. Agricultural products mainly include other cash crops such as sugarcane, geranium and vanilla, fruits and vegetables, livestock products and meat. There are 63,6 hectares of cultivated land, including 33,2 hectares of sugarcane, accounting for 52.2% of all cultivated land. In 1997, the output value of various agricultural products accounted for 34.8% of the total agricultural output value, sugar cane 27.1%, grain and seeds 2.7%, other cash crops 1.8%, beef 2.6%, pork 11.2%, poultry, eggs, honey 17.5% and milk 2.3%. Sugarcane is the most important agricultural product in Reunion, and the export of sugarcane and sucrose accounts for 93% of the total export of agricultural products and 66% of the total export of the whole island. In 1999, thanks to favorable climatic conditions, the yield of sugarcane left behind reached the best level in the past 1 years. In 1998, 13 tons of fruits were exported, including 115 tons of pineapples. In recent 2 years, the output of traditional cash crops, such as vanilla, geranium and Vanilla, has declined, and the output of sugarcane has not exceeded 2 million tons, which is not as good as that in the 196s and 197s. However, the proportion of fruits, vegetables, flowers and grains in agricultural products has increased. Animal husbandry has developed rapidly, and residents on the island can achieve self-sufficiency in pork. In 1998, there were 26,9 cows, 84, pigs and 38, goats, producing 1,517 tons of beef, 11,273 tons of pork, 52 tons of rabbit meat, 13, tons of poultry meat, 17.233 million liters of milk and 11 million eggs. Rich in fishery resources, it is