How to realize the balanced distribution of interests in the process of tourism development?

1. Stakeholder theory was gradually developed in countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom, which pursued the corporate governance model of external control for a long time around the 1960s. The stakeholder theory is not only different from the production concept that only considers suppliers and consumers, but also different from the traditional management concept that only focuses on owners, employees, suppliers and consumers. On the contrary, it includes non-human factors such as government, community, relevant political, economic and social environment, and even natural ecological environment, which closely links corporate social responsibility with management and provides a new management concept and model.

2. The core idea pursued by this theory is that the business management activities of enterprises should comprehensively balance the interests of all stakeholders. The development of any enterprise is inseparable from the input or participation of all stakeholders. Enterprises pursue the overall interests of stakeholders, not just the interests of a certain subject. Stakeholder theory requires enterprise managers to properly handle the relationship with different stakeholders, balance their legitimate rights and interests, resist their non-specific requirements, and strive for the maximum cooperation of stakeholders in order to achieve the strategic goals of enterprises. Enterprise.

3. A tourist destination (scenic spot) can also be regarded as an enterprise, which involves many stakeholders and problems and needs attention, coordination and integration to realize the long-term and overall interests of the tourist destination. Because the tourist destination depends on the cooperation of its stakeholders, any party's active withdrawal or opportunistic behavior may cause the loss of the other party's interests and even endanger the development of the tourist destination; Stakeholder theory requires tourist destinations to pay attention to the interests of stakeholders, coordinate conflicts of interest, and undertake broader social obligations and responsibilities beyond economic goals.

1. In practice, the stakeholder theory is conducive to integrating tourism resources and improving the competitiveness of tourism destinations. The development of tourism in tourist destinations involves many stakeholders, and their interests and influences are different. The relationship between them is very complicated. Under the traditional management mode, the relationship between them is difficult to handle, which restricts the development of tourist destinations to some extent. But from another perspective, if the relationship between these stakeholders is handled properly, it will be a huge competitive advantage.

2. Therefore, we can explore and seek scientific related theories. For example, with the help of stakeholder theory, a new interest integration mechanism is established to ensure the due interests of all stakeholders in the tourist destination through feasible ways such as coordination, transaction, interest transfer and responsibility sharing, so as to successfully integrate. Disperse the strength of all participants in the tourist destination, form a synergistic effect, and enhance the cohesion and competitiveness of the tourist destination.

3. At the same time, with the intensification of international and domestic tourism competition, the problem of regional tourism cooperation and collaboration is prominent. How to establish an effective mechanism of regional cooperation and collaboration is a problem faced by regional cooperation and collaboration. The research in these two aspects shows that the stakeholder problem will become a new problem in the sustainable planning and management of tourism destinations, which is worth studying and thinking by tourism researchers and managers.

4. In management, it makes up for the shortcomings of traditional tourism destination management. Stakeholder management emphasizes the systematic consideration of all interests involved in corporate behavior from the perspective of corporate social responsibility and long-term interests, which strengthens the moral connotation of traditional management methods and technologies. Due to the influence of planned economy in the past, in the traditional management of tourist destinations, we often only pay attention to the daily affairs management of tourist destinations, ignore the management of stakeholders, pay attention to the economic interests of tourist destinations, ignore the social responsibilities of tourist destinations, pay attention to the interests of major stakeholders such as investors and governments, and ignore the interests of other stakeholders.

At present, the distribution of benefits in many tourist destinations is seriously unbalanced, and the host communities and local residents are excluded or irrelevant. The resulting contradictions and conflicts between local residents and local governments, developers and tourists pose a threat to the sustainable development of tourist destinations. Stakeholder management requires paying attention to the legal and moral interests of all stakeholders while pursuing the economic interests of tourist destinations.