Xinjiang

Natural geographical environment in Xinjiang

The topography of Xinjiang is dominated by mountains and basins, followed by Altai Mountain, Junggar Basin, Tianshan Mountain, Tarim Basin and Kunlun Mountain from north to south, forming the topographic trend of "three mountains and two basins". Tianshan Mountains run through central Xinjiang, dividing Xinjiang into north and south, with southern Xinjiang in the south and northern Xinjiang in the north. Tianshan Mountain is high, and there are some basins in it.

Xinjiang lives in the hinterland of Eurasia, surrounded by high mountains, and it is difficult for ocean water vapor to enter. It is dry and has a large annual and daily temperature difference, which belongs to a typical temperate continental climate. Because of the strong evaporation in Xinjiang basin, it is difficult to preserve surface water, and deserts and Gobi are widely distributed. Most rivers in Xinjiang are inland rivers, and rivers mainly rely on melting water from mountains and snow and precipitation from mountains. Tarim River is the longest inland river in China, and Irtysh River is the only outer river that flows into the Arctic Ocean in China. There are many lakes in Xinjiang, but most of them are saltwater lakes.

Climate resources in Xinjiang

Xinjiang has strong solar radiation, and its solar energy resources are among the best in the country. Because of the long sunshine time and large temperature difference between day and night, it is beneficial to the growth of long-staple cotton, beet, wheat and other crops. Apricot, peach, pear, grape, cantaloupe and other fruits are famous at home and abroad.

Xinjiang is rich in wind energy resources. In recent years, wind farms have been established in strong wind areas.

The climate between the north and the south of Tianshan Mountain is very different. The light and heat conditions in southern Xinjiang are better than those in northern Xinjiang, and the water conditions in northern Xinjiang are better than those in southern Xinjiang.

Xinjiang has less precipitation and uneven regional distribution. Generally speaking, there are more mountains than basins, more windward slopes than leeward slopes, and basins and valleys are less rainy areas.

Land resources and mineral resources in Xinjiang

Xinjiang has a vast territory, rich land resources, diverse land types and a large amount of land per capita. Xinjiang is rich in grassland resources and limited in cultivated land, but there are still some wasteland.

Xinjiang is rich in mineral resources and has great potential for development and utilization. Oil, natural gas, coal, gold, chromium, iron, copper, nickel, asbestos, limestone and sodium nitrate are all rich, and there are also special minerals such as nephrite, crystal and agate in Xinjiang.

Xinjiang is actively developing the tertiary industry, focusing on accelerating the development of tourism, promoting the circulation of commerce and trade, and developing the community service industry. Xinjiang is the province with the largest number of border ports in China, and its economic and technological cooperation with neighboring countries is deepening. 20 10 the State Council approves Kashgar to set up a special economic zone.

Ecological environment protection in Xinjiang

Xinjiang has a vast arid area, with a large proportion of hard-to-use land such as desert and Gobi, and the ecological environment is fragile. With the increase of economic development, the eco-environmental problems in some areas of Xinjiang have become increasingly prominent, mainly manifested in the intensification of desertification and soil erosion, the drying up of rivers and lakes, the degradation of cultivated land and grassland, and frequent natural disasters. In the process of western development, Xinjiang has taken a series of effective measures, such as fallow, rotational grazing, soil erosion control and land desertification control, to improve the natural environment, build ecological civilization and promote regional sustainable development.

Xinjiang's industry has developed rapidly, and an industrial system focusing on mineral resources development and deep processing of agricultural and sideline products has been established. The industrial sectors mainly include oil and gas exploitation, petrochemicals, steel, coal, textiles, building materials and food. There are oil fields in Junggar Basin, Tarim Basin and Hami Basin in Turpan, and petrochemical industrial bases in Karamay and Dushanzi.

The traffic in Xinjiang has been fundamentally improved, the mileage of highways has been increasing, and railways have connected the major prefectures in the region. Xinjiang is now the province with the largest number of airports and the longest air route in China. "West-to-East Gas Pipeline" and a series of oil pipelines transport oil and natural gas to the central and eastern regions of the motherland.