Qixia Renai Edition Geography Notes

Geography review notes for the second volume of seventh grade

Chapter 1

Asia and Europe

1. Asia: Asia Europe: Europa

2. The continental parts of Asia and Europe are connected into one, collectively known as the Eurasian continent.

3. The northern part of Asia penetrates deep into the Arctic Circle, and the southern part extends to the south of the equator. It is bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the east, the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Indian Ocean to the south, Europe to the west, Africa to the southwest, and North America across the Bering Strait to the east. It is the largest continent in the world.

4. Most of Asia is located in the northern temperate zone, the Eastern Hemisphere and the Northern Hemisphere.

5. Three major characteristics of Asia's terrain:

A. The terrain is mainly plateaus and mountains, with high average altitude. It is the continent with the highest altitude except Antarctica.

B. The ground is undulating with great differences in height.

C. The terrain is high in the middle and low on the surrounding sides.

6. There are the largest and most typical arc-shaped archipelago islands in the world on the east and southeast sides of the mainland. Formed by the collision and extrusion of the Eurasian and Pacific plates, the crust in this area is unstable and prone to volcanoes and earthquakes.

7. Asian climate characteristics:

A. Complex and diverse, with significant differences in temperature between regions.

B. The climate has obvious continental characteristics, with a huge difference between dryness and wetness.

C. The monsoon climate is significant, especially in the east and south of Asia. It is the strongest and most typical, and has the widest range of influence.

8. Winter monsoon: Originating from Siberia and Mongolia, the temperature drops and there is not much precipitation.

Summer monsoon: comes from the Pacific and Indian Oceans, with abundant water vapor and heavy precipitation.

9. The length and flow of the Yangtze River rank first in Asia and third in the world.

The Mekong River is called the Lancang River in my country and is the international river that flows through the most countries in Asia.

10. Two major characteristics of the distribution of river networks in Asia:

A. Large rivers mostly originate from the plateau mountains in the middle, and flow radially along the terrain into the sea.

B. The internal flow area is vast. The Syr Darya River and the Amu Darya River in central Asia flow into the Aral Sea and are two famous inland rivers in the world.

11. Asia is the most populous continent in the world, accounting for 60% of the global population.

12. Landforms caused by glaciers:

A. The deep and winding fjords along the coast of Norway

B. Thousands of lakes in Finland

C. The undulating low hills on the Eastern European plains

D. The towering peaks of the Alps

13. The reasons for the significant maritime climate in Europe:

A. Facing the sea on three sides, it looks like a "big peninsula" protruding westward from the Eurasian continent.

B. The outline of the continent is broken, the coastline is long and winding, and most places are not far from the sea.

C. Most of them are located between 40° and 60° north latitude, with warm and moist westerly winds from the Atlantic prevailing all year round.

D. The North Atlantic warm current passes along the coast, causing the northwest coastal areas to significantly heat up.

E. Most of the mountains run east-west, and the plains are vast and connected together, which is conducive to the long-term drive of warm and humid air from the Atlantic Ocean.

14. The Mediterranean climate and temperate oceanic climate have the widest distribution and the most typical area in the world is Europe.

15. The Danube River is the river that flows through the most countries. It and the Rhine River are the famous international rivers in Europe, and the Vogar River is the longest river in Europe.

16. A time zone is divided every 15° of longitude. 12 time zones are divided in the east and west. The 12 east zones and the 12 west zones are combined into one time zone. In this way, the world is divided into 24 time zone, every time zone, the time difference is 1 hour. The time in the east is earlier than the time in the west. When crossing the International Date Line from west to east, the date will be subtracted by 1 day.

17. Lake Baikal → the deepest lake in the world, the Caspian Sea → the largest lake in the world

Dead Sea → the lake with the lowest lake elevation and high salinity in the world

Lake Balkhash→a lake that is half salt water and half fresh water