Application Paper of Internet of Things Technology in Railway Transportation

Application Paper of Internet of Things Technology in Railway Transportation

Railway transportation and maintenance are one of the huge hidden dangers hindering the development of railways. These problems can be completely solved by using railway informatization. Therefore, in order to adapt to the characteristics of high density and large passenger flow of railway passenger transport, it is necessary to improve the efficiency and intelligent level of railway system transportation.

1. Overview of the Internet of Things

1. Concept of the Internet of Things

The Internet of Things combines it with the Internet through the use of objects , thereby implementing an intelligent management, positioning, identification and monitoring network, and at the same time achieving communication and exchange through information sensing equipment such as laser scanners, global positioning systems and infrared sensors. At its core it is the Internet, but the results have spread to the interchange of goods.

2. The development history of the Internet of Things

In 1999, the concept of the Internet of Things was first proposed. The Internet of Things relies on Internet technology to use wireless devices and radio frequency identification technology to form a network that allows products around the world to be shared in real time on the Internet. In 2003, the authoritative American magazine "Technology Review" stated that the Internet of Things will be the first among the top ten technologies that will change our living habits in the future. In 2005, the International Telecommunications Union published a report on the Internet of Things. The report stated that the era of the Internet of Things is coming, and goods from all over the world can be exchanged through online trading platforms. By relying on Internet technology, the Internet of Things will also become one of the main ways of commodity transactions in the future. There are also many examples of successful application of IoT technology to realize artificial intelligence in China, such as Shanghai Pudong Airport and Shanghai World Expo.

2. Key technologies of the Internet of Things

First of all, the Internet of Things needs to use a specific identification system to identify the relevant attributes of items. Secondly, the data information of related items should be uploaded to the Internet through the Internet. , and most importantly, the transmitted network information is processed and published through the central information processing system, thereby realizing the ultimate sharing of information. The main technologies currently used in the Internet of Things include: intelligent embedding, cloud computing, IPv6, sensing technology, etc.

1. IPv6

As the Internet continues to mature, the IPv4 address of the Internet has reached its peak, and IPv6 will definitely replace IPv4 in the future. The current IPv4 only has a 32-bit address, which is far from meeting the needs of current Internet users, and the emerging IPv6 has a 128-bit address, which allows everything in the world to have its own IP. In order to rapidly develop the Internet of Things, each product needs to have its own IP address. Therefore, the application of IPv6 will surely become the basis for the rapid growth of the Internet of Things.

2. RFID

Using radio frequency identification RFID can identify corresponding item information through radio frequency. Radio frequency identification can identify the corresponding information of very small items. At the same time, by distinguishing the entities, the relevant information of the goods can be quickly learned without touching the goods. RFID can automatically identify the relevant attributes of goods on a large scale, but the technologies used by RFID are also correspondingly different. For example, different standards have been developed for applicable fields, technical characteristics and working principles.

3. Cloud computing

Cloud computing is called a computing resource pool by some professionals. It can process massive amounts of information quickly and is the key to the development of the Internet of Things. Since the Internet of Things needs to update and add relevant collected data in a timely manner anytime and anywhere, a platform that can store a large amount of information is needed, and cloud computing can be used to manage massive data.

4. Sensing technology

Computer technology, communication technology, and sensing technology are the three cores of information technology. Sensing technology realizes detection and data entry of related items through the identification and processing of sensors and information. At the same time, its related sensors are used to meet the requirements of information entry and processing for some sense organs.

5. Intelligent embedding

Embed the information processor in the application system and use the Internet to solidify the entire system. This saves a lot of time, but allows information to be shared quickly. This enables computer technology and network technology to realize real-time and synchronized high-speed transmission of information.

3. Application of Internet of Things technology in railway transportation

Realizing full coverage of the Internet of Things in railway transportation can play an efficient role in railway transportation and maintenance. It can be implemented in railway dispatch management, locomotive and wheel set maintenance information management system, railway freight logistics information system and intelligent ticket inspection system

1. Intelligent ticket sales and inspection system

Intelligent ticketing systems have been widely used in China. Passengers can use automatic ticket vending machines to purchase railway tickets.

When passengers enter the station, the ticket inspector uses a small reader to read the RFID electronic tag to identify whether the ticket purchased by the passenger matches the ticket purchase information. This can not only greatly improve the work efficiency of railway personnel, but also save passengers entry and exit. time at the station so that the station can operate quickly.

2. Intelligent identification system for railway locomotives

The five parts of independent identification equipment on the ground, identification labels on the body or bottom, repeater equipment and centralized data management constitute a railway locomotive. Intelligent vehicle identification system. The ground independent identification equipment is composed of four parts, and its setting requires a series of processes at each site to achieve information management. Installing electronic tags on cargo transport vehicles can quickly identify vehicle-related information. In this way, in the era of the Internet of Things, cargo information can be understood and shared in real time.

3. Railway dispatching management

The Internet of Things can only be realized through the management of carriages in railway dispatching management. It can play a key role in railway speed detection and signal upgrading. Install an RFID chip on each carriage, and use the RFID chip reader to not only understand the current speed of railway transportation, but also detect potential safety hazards in current railway transportation, so that relevant personnel can eliminate them in a timely manner. Safety hazards so that the railway can safely reach the corresponding destination and prevent some interference.

4. Railway Passenger Transport System

Use the Internet of Things to embed passenger ticket purchase information into each ticket, and at the same time install readers in passenger compartments and waiting areas. rooms, ticket gates, station entrances and other places. When a passenger purchases a ticket at the automatic ticket vending machine and enters the station entrance, he or she can automatically identify whether the ticket information matches the person. After entering the waiting hall, the reader can quickly identify whether the passenger's waiting place is correct to avoid unnecessary trouble. Passengers were delayed waiting for the bus. At the same time, it can also count the number of passengers waiting for the bus in a timely manner. After passengers board the train, they can also use the reader to promptly correct some passengers who have entered the wrong carriage, and transmit the information about the passengers' next stop in real time. After passengers get off the bus, the system can also process relevant information.

5. Locomotive and wheel set maintenance information management system

Using RFID technology, the arrival time and steps of the train can be accurately counted and calculated, and then stored. Not only that, the number of trains entering and leaving the station and the corresponding data can also be quickly collected and entered, which can greatly improve the query and statistical efficiency of train data, reduce the workload of inspection staff and improve the quality and efficiency of their work.

6. Development of railway freight logistics information system

For railway logistics, it is necessary to realize information systematization of container transportation. Through the collection and statistics of container information and the image recognition of container numbers, this can facilitate the camera to quickly read the container information, thereby reducing the occurrence of problems with the identification system due to weather or container damage. Applying RFID technology to railway containers can not only understand the transportation status of goods in real time, but also reduce theft or damage of goods. At the same time, the efficiency of container transportation can be improved.

IV. Application and Prospects of Internet of Things Technology in Other Businesses of the Railway Industry

1. Application of Internet of Things in Video Surveillance

If you want to achieve high Quality requires the use of sensors and the Internet of Things. For example, various sensors can be connected in front of the probe, the laser ranging sensor and tilt sensor can be connected to the PTZ camera, the PTZ camera can be used to capture screen information, and the laser ranging sensor can be used to measure distance.

2. Landslide monitoring and early warning system

As a highly destructive geological disaster, landslides can not only destroy a large amount of railway infrastructure, but also cause serious damage to railway infrastructure. Railway transportation causes great harm to people on the train. From this point of view, it is a particularly serious disaster and a great hidden danger to railway transportation safety. At present, the railway department can use Internet of Things technology to install inclination sensors, liquid level sensors and front-end equipment in areas with serious landslides. This will not only be able to monitor the mountain conditions in this area in real time, but also transmit and transmit current mountain data. Store it for analysis by relevant personnel. At the same time, warnings and early warnings are issued in a timely manner when mountain changes are discovered, so that station personnel can respond to corresponding geological disasters in a timely manner, thereby greatly rescuing the losses of people and property.

V. Conclusion

The widespread application of Internet of Things technology in my country’s railway system is an inevitable requirement for continuous progress in the current information age. Only by applying IoT technology to all aspects of the railway system can the transportation efficiency of our country's railway system be improved. At present, the use of my country's Internet of Things in railways is mainly reflected in RFID, sensors, data collection, and QR codes. In these years of application, its effects can be found to be very obvious. The widespread use of the Internet has laid a solid foundation for the development of the Internet of Things. In the future, the development of railway transportation will continue to move in the direction of intelligence, and my country's railway system will surely usher in new opportunities for development.

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