What are the future tourism products?

Based on traditional sightseeing and tourism products, vacation tourism products, eco-tourism products, and leisure and entertainment tourism products are derived. The development of tourism products in the future will be composite products integrating sightseeing, vacation and leisure entertainment. You can roughly understand the characteristics of various products by looking at their literal meanings.

Attached are some information for your reading:

1. Characteristics, types and forms of tourism products

(1) Characteristics of products

1. The unique characteristics of products

As a service category, travel agency products first have the unique attributes of services, namely imperceptibility, inseparability, difference, non-storability and lack of ownership.

( l ) Intangibility (intanglhihty). Invisibility, also known as intangibility, is the most important characteristic of services. This feature can be understood from two aspects: First, compared with tangible consumer goods or industrial products, many of the characteristics of service products and the elements that make up the service are intangible. People cannot feel its existence before and during the consumption process; secondly, the benefits after consumers receive the service are not easy to detect, or they may not be aware of its existence until a period of time later.

(2) Inseparability (ineparabiity). Inseparability refers to the simultaneous production and consumption of service products. Unlike material products, which go from production to sales to consumption, the production process and consumption process of service products are synchronized. Once tourists stop consuming, the production of tourism service products ends. The synchronization of production and consumption makes it difficult to standardize travel agency products and control their quality. Because different tourists have different consumption needs, it is difficult to achieve the same variety and quality standards of service products to meet their needs. But from another aspect, travel agencies should provide personalized services to protect the differential needs of different tourists.

(3) Difference (leterogeneity). Difference means that it is difficult to define the components and quality levels of travel agency products with a unified standard. Due to the objective differences in age, personality, interests, hobbies and other aspects of tourists, they also have varying expectations for the products provided by travel agencies. On the one hand, the factors and functions of tourism service personnel themselves, even if the services provided by the same service personnel, may have different levels; on the other hand, customers are directly involved in the production and consumption process of services, and their own factors will also affect Travel agency service products. Drill quality.

(4) Unstorability (erishability). The identity of tourism services and tourism consumption in time and space determines that without the purchase and consumption of tourists, tourism products with service as the core will not be produced, and thus cannot be temporarily sold like other physical products. Store it for later sale. The core of tourism products is service, and service is a behavior. Only when tourists come and consume, the use value and value created by the service can be revealed. "Idle is waste." The utility and value of tourism products are not only fixed in location, but also in time. Whether it is the cabin of an airline plane or the bed in a hotel room, as long as it is idle for one day, the losses caused will never be compensated. return.

(5) Lack of ownership (alsrlefw lersip). Travel agency products are neither agricultural, real estate, or other physical products, nor cultural products such as writings, patents, music, and art. Their characteristics such as being imperceptible and non-storable determine that they lack the basic elements to determine ownership. Therefore, Ownership of travel agency products cannot be determined. That is to say, the dream l property of travel agency products cannot receive effective legal protection.

Among the above characteristics, imperceptibility is generally considered to be the most basic characteristic among the five most common characteristics of service products, and other characteristics are derived from this characteristic. In fact, it is precisely because of the inseparability of services that product production and sales are inseparable. Difference, non-storability and lack of ownership are largely determined by the two characteristics of inseparability and inseparability. of.

2. Individual characteristics of the product

The travel agency product is a comprehensive service-oriented product. It not only has the unique characteristics of a service product, but also has its own individual characteristics. Namely: comprehensiveness, intangibility, synchronicity, non-transferability, vulnerability and heterogeneity.

( l ) Comprehensive. Tourism product is a heterogeneous product. From the perspective of the composition of tourism products, it is a comprehensive product composed of multiple components such as material products, spiritual products and tourism services. From the perspective of the content of tourism products, it is a product composed of tourism routes as its content, relying on a variety of tourism resources, a variety of tourism facilities and a variety of special tourism service activities. From the perspective of the formation process of tourism products, there are many departments and industries involved in producing or providing tourism products. In addition to various industries in the tourism sector, it also involves many other national economic departments and industries outside the tourism sector.

(2) Intangibility. Tourism products mainly represent tourism services. Therefore, they cannot be seen, touched or smelled, and cannot be "taste first before buying".

Travel agency products are different from other tangible consumer goods in that people cannot touch or feel its existence before and during consumption. Tourists spend a certain amount of time, money and energy to obtain a kind of travel experience and experience, and this feeling and experience are invisible to people. The intangibility of travel agency products increases tourists’ purchasing risks and also increases the difficulty of transactions between travel agencies and tourists.

(3) Synchronicity. The production of tourism products is reflected in the provision of tourism services, and production and consumption are synchronized. Therefore, the production of tourism products must be based on the premise that tourists come to the tourist destination, that is, based on tourism demand. Tourists directly intervene in the production process of tourism products, test the quantity and quality of tourism products in direct consumption, and express their satisfaction with their own personal experiences. The production, exchange and consumption of tourism products coexist in space at the same time. When our tour guides, drivers, attraction service personnel, etc. provide services to tourists, it is also when tourists consume, and the two are inseparable in time.

(4) Non-transferability. The tourism resources and tourism facilities that tourism services rely on cannot be transported from the tourist destination to the source location for tourists to consume. The objects to be transported can only be tourists. Travel products are exchanged but ownership does not transfer. During the use or consumption process, tourists only obtain the temporary right to use tourism products at a specific time and place.

(5) Vulnerability. The fragility of travel agency products, also known as susceptibility or vulnerability, refers to the use value and value realization of travel products, which are subject to various constraints. Whether the proportional relationship between the various parts of the tourism product is coordinated has a great impact on the realization of the value and use value of the tourism product. Among the "seven legs" of travel, travel, accommodation, food, shopping, entertainment, and hygiene (including tourist toilets), if one leg is short, it will affect the healthy development of the tourism economy. Differences in natural conditions such as geographical location and seasonal changes of tourist destinations will have an impact on the realization of the value of tourism products; the political climate and economic development level of tourist source countries and tourist destination countries will also affect the life and quality of tourism products. Sale.

In addition, travel agency products also have seasonal, cultural and leisure characteristics.

(2) Product type classification and form analysis

1. Product type division

Product form refers to the expression form and type division of travel agency products. The forms of travel agency products are diverse, with different division angles and different forms of expression.

(l) According to the geographical scope, it can be divided into domestic tourism, international tourism, intercontinental tourism, global tourism, etc.;

(2) According to the travel distance, it can be divided into Long-distance tourism and short-distance tourism;

(3) According to tourism motivation, it can be divided into recreational tourism, business tourism (including business tourism, official tourism and exhibition tourism), personal and family affairs tourism (mainly refers to Travel to visit relatives and friends and travel for study);

(4) According to the organization form of tourists, it can be divided into group travel and individual travel;

(5) According to the product included The content can be divided into package tours and non-package tours;

(6) According to the product grade, it can be divided into luxury tours, standard tours and economic tours;

(7) According to the source of expenses, it can be divided into self-funded tourism and publicly funded tourism;

(8) According to the transportation industry, it can be divided into air tourism, railway tourism, automobile tourism, cruise tourism, and hiking tourism ;

(9) According to the tourism theme, it can be divided into sightseeing tourism, folk tourism, archaeological tourism, conference tourism, cultural tourism and various special tourism or special interest tourism.

2. Product form analysis

Here, we take the package price-based classification method as an example to analyze the product form. (l) Group package tour

Group package tour has two meanings: one is a group, that is, tourists participating in the tour, generally consisting of 10 or more people forming a tour group; The second is package price, that is, tourists participating in a tour group pay in advance a one-time travel fee and entrust all related travel services to a travel agency. The services of group package tours usually include hotel rooms according to the prescribed level, three meals and drinks, fixed city tour vehicles, translation and tour guide services, transportation hub pick-up and drop-off services, luggage pick-up and drop-off services, as well as tickets and tickets for tourist attractions. Tickets for cultural and entertainment activities, etc.

As far as tourists are concerned, participating in a package tour can get a better price, fully understand the travel costs, and maintain a familiar atmosphere in the tour group, and the travel agency provides all travel arrangements and full escorts Services make tourists feel safe, all of which are the advantages of package tours. However, package tours also have the disadvantage that tourists have to give up their own individual needs and adapt to group package tours. In addition, if a tourist is unfortunate enough to choose a travel agency with poor service, the entire trip will become unbearable. As far as travel agencies are concerned, group package tour bookings have a long booking cycle and are relatively easy to operate, and batch operations can improve work efficiency and reduce operating costs.

However, various changes often occur in group package tours between the time of booking and the actual tour, and. Citizens are prone to encounter problems in purchasing tourism services during the peak tourist season. (2) Semi-inclusive tour

Semi-inclusive tour is a product form compared with the above-mentioned all-inclusive tour. It refers to a package form that deducts the cost of lunch and dinner on the basis of an all-inclusive tour. Its purpose is to reduce the intuitive price of the product, improve the competitiveness of the product, and also to better satisfy tourists. Different requirements when it comes to meals.

(3) Small package price tourism

Small package price tourism, also known as selective tourism, consists of non-selective parts and optional parts. The non-optional part includes: transfers, accommodation and breakfast. Tour fees are paid by the tourists before traveling. The optional part includes tour guides, flavored meals, bamboo appreciation and sightseeing tours. Tourists can freely decide according to their time, interests and financial situation. You can choose to pay in advance or in cash.

Small package tours have many advantages for tourists, mainly in terms of clear prices, affordability, simple procedures and flexibility. It was first proposed by travel agents from Hong Kong and overseas to Chinese travel agencies. , and gradually spread throughout the country due to its unique advantages. Small package tours generally accommodate less than 10 tourists.

(4) Zero-package tour Zero-package tour (ZeroPac kage Tour) is a unique product form, mostly found in developed tourism countries. Tourists participating in this kind of tour must travel to and from the destination with a group, but their activities at the tourist destination are completely free, just like individual tourists. Tourists who participate in zero-package tours can get discounts on group air tickets, and travel agencies can apply for tourist visas on their behalf.

(5) Individual services

Individual services are various non-comprehensive paid services provided by travel agencies according to the specific requirements of tourists. The diversity of tourism needs determines The single service content of a travel agency is general, but its regular service items mainly include tour guide services, transportation and distribution center pick-up and drop-off services, agency transportation tickets and entertainment tickets, agency reservations for hotel rooms, and agency liaison for tours and tours. Visa and travel insurance agents, etc. The individual services of travel agencies are very wide, but they are mainly for scattered tourists. The special requirements of individual tourists in package tour groups are generally regarded as individual services.

The service is also called entrusted agency business. Tourists can use different methods such as local entrustment, interline entrustment and international entrustment to travel agencies.

In recent years, entrusted agency business has become increasingly important, and many travel agencies have been established. The individual travel department or comprehensive business department specializes in individual services. The fundamental reason why travel agencies attach importance to individual services is the rapid development of global individual travel. It is getting higher and higher, reaching 80%. In some tourist cities in my country, such as Beijing, the proportion of individual tourists in the total number of tourists has also reached 60%. The rise of individual tourists is a result of the personalized psychological needs of tourists. The result of the combined effects of factors such as the increasing travel experience, confidence and advancement of technology among international tourists. In my country, due to current traffic conditions, language barriers and information networks, it may lag behind the world's individual travel for a period of time. However, individual travel as a development trend is unquestionable.

From the above introduction of the five basic product forms of travel agencies, we can find that from group package tours to individual travel services. , the components of travel agency products are gradually reduced, and the composition of service elements is also different. However, this does not mean that travel agency products only have the above forms. In fact, it is conducive to meeting the needs of tourists and improving the competitiveness of travel agencies.

Tourism products refer to various material products provided by tourism operators to the tourism market in order to meet the various needs of tourists in tourism activities. , a combination of spiritual products and tourism services.

Tourism product is an overall concept, which is composed of various elements such as tourism resources, tourism facilities, tourism services and tourism commodities. Its characteristic is that tourism services become. The main body of tourism products is mainly displayed in routes, activities and accommodation.

Classification of tourism products: (1) According to the concept of assembled products, it includes transportation products and tourist attractions; 2) From the perspective of tourist destinations, tourism products refer to all services provided by tourism operators to tourists to meet their needs for tourism activities by virtue of tourist attractions, transportation and tourism facilities; (3) From the perspective of tourists From a tourism perspective, tourism products refer to a complete travel experience that tourists spend a certain amount of time, expense and energy on.

The types of vacation tourism products are as follows:

There are generally three types. One type is resorts. Resorts are largely integrated with urban tourism and vacations.

The second type of vacation product is resort hotels. Now we have only a few resort hotels in the country that can reach international standards, such as Gloria and Tianyu Hotel in Sanya, Hainan, and Guanlan Golf in Shenzhen. Although the number of these hotels in the stadium is very small now, they represent the development direction of resort hotels. Hotels within other domestic resort areas are basically similar to transformation hotels or tourist hotels in cities. In other words, the development of this type of vacation tourism products is lagging behind. Compared with typical resort hotels in the world, the gap is still relatively large.

The third category of vacation products is special vacation projects. For example, ski tourism is developing relatively quickly. According to statistics, the number of ski resorts in Heilongjiang Province has developed to more than 50, and the levels are also uneven. Yabuli's development is already close to international standards in some aspects, and its hardware facilities and software services are in place. A low-end ski resort is to build a slope in the farmland on the outskirts of the city, then pile snow on it and start skiing. Each person charges a few yuan, and the business is not bad. In a year, there may be hundreds of thousands of profits. . This reflects my country's strong inventive and creative capabilities in developing vacation tourism products. Judging from my country's national conditions, the development of low-end vacation tourism products has adapted to the current relatively large primary market demand. In this regard, the objective rationality of its existence cannot be simply denied. It's like saying that the black and white TV of the past cannot be denied just because of the current development of color TV. Because any industrial development process has a process of product upgrading and gradual upgrading.

The above three types of products are not too large in total, but each has its own characteristics and advantages, such as hot spring resorts and mountain resorts that are developing rapidly. Many resorts have good benefits. .