History of Zigong Salt Industry Museum in Sichuan Province

Poetry on the history of Zigong salt industry 1. History of Zigong Salt Industry

Hello, it is my pleasure to answer the following questions for you. I hope my answer can help you, and I hope you can choose me as a satisfactory answer: Zigong, Sichuan has been famous for its rich well salt at home and abroad since ancient times. According to historical records, as early as Wang Xiaonian of Qin Dynasty (250 BC), Li Bing, the prefect of Shu County, led the people to dig wells to get brine and make salt. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, after the gradual formation of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Tang and Song Dynasties became famous. It developed further in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and reached its peak in the reign of Xianfeng Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty, becoming a well salt center with a history of more than 2,000 years in China. The earliest deep well in the world is also in Zigong. In the early Southern Song Dynasty, the depth of the salt well here was 250-300 meters, but the wellhead was only the size of a bowl. There is also the world's first salt well "deep sea well" that is over 1,000 meters. Zigong stands because of salt and prospers because of salt. Zigong's Gongjing District was named after the salt produced here paid tribute to the imperial courts in previous dynasties. As there was no national industry in old China, salt industry became one of the main sources of government revenue, which attracted much attention. 1939, the Kuomintang government established Zigong City, becoming the third provincial city in Sichuan Province after Chengdu and Chongqing. It is said that at the peak of salt production, Zigong undertook 40% of the national salt production task. After liberation, Zigong's salt industry has also made great contributions to the country, with a total tax revenue of more than 3 billion yuan. Moreover, as chemical raw materials, Zigong salt industry and natural gas also supported a number of chemical enterprises. However, the glory has passed. Unfortunately, today's salt production in Zigong has dropped to almost no hope. In 2000, Gu Wei, vice mayor in charge of industry in Zigong, said in a report: "Now, it is salt that affects the industrial development speed, economic benefits, social stability and local financial resources in Zigong." The direct cause of the decline of Zigong well salt is the low price impact of sea salt and lake salt. Due to the high cost, the sales price of some industrial salt is upside down, and only 800,000-900,000 tons are produced at present. The five major salt plants suffered overall losses, with the highest asset-liability ratio of 270%.

However, after several adjustments, Zigong salt industry began to make progress, and the name of "Millennium Salt Capital" was worthy of its name. Reference website: /view/ 1 12739? Tp=4_0 1 If my answer is insufficient, please give me your opinion and I will continue to work hard. Thank you.

2. History of Zigong Salt Industry

Historically, Zigong City, Sichuan Province is famous for its rich well salt. Zigong has been mining well salt for 2000 years. In the narrow area of 55 square kilometers in Zigong, the local working people have dug more than 654.38+300,000 salt wells, producing more than 70 million tons of salt and more than 30 billion cubic meters of natural gas. Among the many preserved salt wells, besides Dagong Well, Yangyan Well, Fayuan Well and other famous sites, there are even more famous ones: Dongyuan Well, the world's first deep well over 1,000 meters, has been mined for more than 200 years; Every well has a crane, and the tallest crane, Dade Well, is as high as 1 13m (located in Fanba, Da 'an District, demolished in 1990s), which is very spectacular.

The history of extracting brine from well salt in Zigong City, Sichuan Province can be traced back to the Eastern Han Dynasty, which was famous in the Tang and Song Dynasties and flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. During the reign of Xianfeng and Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty, it became the center of well salt industry in Sichuan, and its well salt was sold to all parts of Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan and Hubei for110 population.

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3. The history of Zigong, Sichuan

Zigong has a long history and the city was formed earlier.

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Gong is famous for producing well salt, and is known as the "salt capital". Well salt production in Zigong area originated from the Eastern Han Dynasty, was famous in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and flourished in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. For two thousand years, in the process of city formation and development, Zigong was transformed from salt industry.

"People gather because of profits, and cities are built because of people", which has gone through the road of setting up towns, counties and cities because of salt. The urban area is based on salt wells, salt stoves and production areas, and gradually forms groups and groups of today's cities, which are relatively independent.

The style of group city layout; The population is mainly engaged in the production and management of well salt directly and indirectly, and the transportation is based on the salt transportation road, focusing on the commodity exchange and prosperity of salt industry, cultural ethics, urban architecture and folk customs.

Emotion, music and painting. Most of them retain rich historical characteristics of salt industry.

According to "Huayang National Records"

During the Qin Dynasty, Zigong belonged to Ba and Shu counties. In the sixth year of Jianyuan in Hanwu (135), Qianwei was a county, which was divided into two counties: Shuyang and Nan 'an. During the Zhangdi period of the Eastern Han Dynasty (76-88), it was successfully excavated in the present Fushun and Dengguan areas.

A batch of salt wells. One is located in the southwest of Fushun county today, with the most salt; Harvest rich profits, known as the "rich world salt well." Fuyi salt wells have gradually become large-scale, named after the largest salt production, with concentrated business travel and people getting rich.

During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, with the development of salt industry and economic prosperity, a number of salt wells represented by "Dagong Well" were dug in Gongjing area. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zigong produced salt. . Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Grand Duke

Well is also famous in the world. It is rich in salt wells and has become a well-known salt well in Sichuan. At this time, the production of well salt is controlled and managed by the government. At the same time, according to legend, the production of pottery began in Rong County during the Qin Dynasty. In the Han Dynasty, it was famous for its salt and iron.

"History of Han Geography" records: "There are salt officials and iron officials in Nan 'an". With the development of salt production, the population of Dagong Well and Fushijing gradually gathered and the economy developed day by day.

By the time of Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty (56 1~578), pumice county was established because of the abundance of salt wells, and Gongjing town was located in Dagong Well.

In the 23rd year of Emperor Taizong's Zhenguan reign (649), he was renamed Fuyi County because he avoided Emperor Taizong. In the Song Dynasty, he was promoted to Fuyi Prison, but later he was changed to Fushun Prison to avoid Song Taizong's taboo. In the Yuan Dynasty, it was promoted to Fushun Prefecture. It was reduced to Fushun County in Ming Dynasty and extended to Qing Dynasty.

Dai, the building hasn't changed. From the eighteenth year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty to the thirty-third year (1539- 1554), a number of salt wells, represented by artesian wells, were dug on the banks of Rongxi (now ziliujing district), 90 miles west of Fushun County.

Work, gradually replaced the original collapse due to fresh water leakage in Fuyi, Deng Jing and other major salt wells, and became a new salt production center in Fushun County. From Gongjing Town to the first year of Tang Wude (6 18), it was changed to Gongjing County. Due to the complicated salt production in the two places,

Rong Heqing Yongzheng eight years (1730), respectively, for Fushun Ziliujing County Chengbu and Rongxian Gongjing County Chengbu. Ziliuhe and Gongjing, belonging to Fu and Rong counties, are now Ziliujing and Gongjing District of Zigong City. Because of the distance

10 miles later, it gradually became an organic whole in salt production, collectively known as "Fuyi Factory" and "Furong Factory". In the third year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1853), the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom occupied Nanjing, which made it difficult to transport Huai salt, and the Furong Salt Field developed rapidly.

Enter the heyday of well salt production in history. Tongzhi nine years (1870), the annual output of well salt is 15000 tons. After 19 14, although the two places still belong to two counties, they have become "local Zigong, saltworks hibiscus". Gravity balance

Dong Tian or factory, Gongjing is called Xitian or factory. 1928 and 1932 proposed cities twice. 1937, with the rise of the Anti-Japanese War, the stagnation of sea salt and the rise of Sichuan salt, the demand for setting up a market is particularly urgent. 1938

After the establishment of Zigong Preparatory Office with the approval of Sichuan Province in, Ziliujing and Gongjing were formally set aside from Fushun and Rongxian, and merged into the jurisdiction of Zigong City on September 1939.

Zigong has been one of the municipalities directly under the Central Government of Sichuan Province since1949 65438+February 5. With the further development of salt industry and chemical production and the growth of urban economic strength, Rong County was assigned to Zigong on 1978.

Later, Fushun County was incorporated into the administrative division of Zigong City on 1983. At this point, Zigong City has formed the scale of four districts and two counties today. The current scale of Zigong indicates that Zigong has entered a brand-new historical stage.

4. How was Zigong Salt History Museum built?

Zigong Salt Industry History Museum, established in 1959, is the only salt industry museum in China. In this museum, it is devoted to collecting and studying well salt information in China, collecting a large number of historical relics of salt industry in China, and collecting and exhibiting the only set of tools for drilling and treating wells with ancient well salt in China in China. There are over 400 kinds of drills and drilling tools 130. They have different shapes and different proportions of weight and length, but each tool has its own unique purpose to deal with the complex underground conditions during drilling.

Zigong salt industry has a long history, and the name of Zigong city is also named after salt. Zigong is actually the collective name of Ziliujing and Jingxing, two famous salt-producing areas, and its salt-producing history can also be traced back to Zhangdi period of the Eastern Han Dynasty in the first century A.D. Zigong was the largest salt-producing area in ancient China, so people who were directly or indirectly engaged in salt production gathered in Zigong saltworks with hundreds of square kilometers. Now the site of the Salt Museum is built in an ancient building called Xiqin Guild Hall. This guild hall was jointly built by Shaanxi businessmen and tens of thousands of silver. It was called "Friendship Guild Hall" at that time. It is conceivable that the salt industry in Zigong was quite prosperous at that time.

When we filmed this museum, the tour guide told us that Zigong is rich in natural gas resources underground, so here and here are mainly well-drilling resources, which can be divided into three parts, the first is to dig wells, the second is to extract underground brine, and the third is to make salt; This process is light and simple, but it is not mechanized for the ancient working people. They all used their hands and some simple tools to complete the whole process of drilling wells to make salt. During the filming, I also heard a true story of drilling wells to cure salt. Because it was too heavy, it was not added to the program. There is a set of ancient drilling tools in this museum. It drives the file head to move up and down by step, and uses the power formed by the file head in the movement to impact the rock and break it. At that time, the width of the pedal of the salt worker station was only six or seven meters cm, because the abyss was at the foot, so the salt worker was in danger of rolling in the abyss at any time. At that time, salt merchants stipulated that salt workers would give a few coppers if they stepped on it, so this practice was called "feet" at that time. What's even more incredible is that they drilled a kilometer deep well in this way, which is unprecedented in the world. This kilometer well has now become a national key cultural relics protection unit. If you travel to Zigong now, you must take a good look at this kilometer, because it not only represents the wisdom of the ancient working people in China, but also embodies the blood and sweat of the ancient working people.

5. When was the deep-sea well in Zigong built?

Zigong City is located in the south of Sichuan Province, next to Fuxi River, a tributary of Tuojiang River, with an area of 4,373 square kilometers.

The total population is 3.2 million. It has jurisdiction over Ziliujing, Gongjing, Daan, Yantan and Rongxian and Fushun counties, and has always been a provincial-level city.

Neiyi expressway, Longya Highway, Suiyun Highway, and neijiang-kunming railway and its surrounding traffic. With a history of 2,000 years, salt industry is one of the earliest 23 cities in China, and it is famous at home and abroad as "the Millennium Salt Capital", "the Land of Dinosaurs" and "the City of Nanguang".

The two counties under the jurisdiction of the city are the national production bases of high-quality commodity grain and commodity pigs; It has a number of well-known national enterprises and national scientific research institutes, such as Chen Guang Research Institute, Carbon Black Industry Research Institute and Well Mineral Salt Research Institute. It has successively won the titles of National Historical and Cultural City, National Health City and China Excellent Tourist City, and is the largest city in southern Sichuan.

Geographical location and traffic advantages. It goes directly to Chengdu and Chongqing through Neiyi and Chengdu-Chongqing Expressway, and connects the great rivers and seas from south to north through Neikun electrified railway and Beijing-Kunming national road under construction.

Zigong is located in the hinterland of southern Sichuan, directly connected with Neijiang, Luzhou, Yibin and Leshan through expressways or high-grade highways, forming an urban agglomeration in southern Sichuan. It is a major city and an important secondary central city in Sichuan Province. It is also a relay station connecting Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Corridor and Nanchuan Economic Zone in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.

Zigong is 70 kilometers away from Yibin Airport. It is the largest transmission and distribution hub in southwest China, the power gathering and transmission center for power transmission from west to east and the microwave communication hub in southern Sichuan.

Brilliant history and culture of salt industry. Zigong is famous for its long history of producing well salt, and has experienced the process of setting up towns, counties and cities because of salt.

As early as Zhang years in the Eastern Han Dynasty, brine was collected to make salt. When Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Gongjing Town was established.

Salt produced in the Tang Dynasty is exported to Hubei, Jiangxi and other provinces. In the first year of Tang Wude, Gongjing Town was promoted to Gongjing County and Rongzhou was established.

In 1835, the "deep-sea well" was successfully drilled, and the depth of the well reached 100 1.4m, making it the first deep well in the world, opening a new era in the world drilling history. Xianfeng and Tongzhi entered their heyday in Qing Dynasty, and they are known as "the land of the essence of Sichuan Province".

More than 3000 salt wells have been dug/kloc-0. In September, 1939, 1, Zigong city was established under the Sichuan provincial government.

Zigong is outstanding. Historically, Lu You was an official; In modern times, Liu Guangdi, the "six gentlemen" of the Reform and Reform, China laroche, founder, educator, linguist, revolutionary Wu, Hongyan hero Jiang, Lu Deming, commander-in-chief of the autumn harvest uprising, senior general of the Red Army, diving queen and other celebrities appeared.

Rich and colorful salt culture and lamp culture. Tourism resources are unique in charm.

Zigong is famous for its salt sites, dinosaur fossils and bright lanterns. Zigong dinosaur museum is one of the three largest dinosaur museums in the world. It is the first batch of national geological parks and 4A-level scenic spots.

Zigong Lantern Festival, the world-famous "Yi Deng in the World", is the representative of China Lantern Festival culture. Zigong Salt Industry Museum, established together with Xiqin Guild Hall, is not only a national key cultural relic protection unit, but also one of the seven national professional museums. Xiqin Hall is also a fine building.

Rongxian Giant Buddha is the second largest Buddha in the world today. Deep-sea well is the first well in the world that exceeds 1000 meters.

Fushun Confucian Temple is a national key cultural relic. In addition, Gong Fan, tie-dyeing and paper-cutting are the specialties of Zigong, which are also called the "Little Three Musts" of Zigong.

In addition, there are Alsophila spinulosa Valley, Qingshan Ridge, Gaoshiti, Shuangxi Lake, Hualonggou, Wutiaogou, Jianshan, Nongtuan and other scenic spots, as well as the quaint hometown Sanduo Guzhai and Shixian Ancient Town. In recent years, the pace of tourism infrastructure construction has accelerated and tourism has developed rapidly.

There are 2 4-star hotels and 3 star hotels/kloc-0, which have been successfully established as national excellent tourist cities. In 2004, there were 3,956,500 domestic tourists and 0,875 international tourists/kloc-0, achieving tourism income of 654.38+86.6 million yuan and foreign exchange earned by tourism of 654.38+96.54 million dollars.

Since the reform and opening up, Zigong's economic aggregate has been increasing, its economic vitality has been enhanced, its development pace has been accelerated, and the economy of the old industrial city has been revitalized. In 2004, the regional GDP reached 24.935 billion yuan, an increase of 65.438+04.0% over the previous year.

The industrial structure ratio of primary, secondary and tertiary industries is 2 1.0:4 1.7:37.3. Agriculture and rural economy have developed rapidly, and the process of industrialization has accelerated.

Industrial production has maintained rapid growth, and the benefits have been greatly improved. The city's total fiscal revenue was 654.38+0.57 billion yuan, an increase of 20.4%.

Investment in fixed assets was 5.494 billion yuan, an increase of 23.2%. The total retail sales of social consumer goods was 6.589 billion yuan, up by 18.9%.

Foreign exchange earned by export was US$ 6,543.8+US$ 0.7 billion, an increase of 40.3%. The balance of savings deposits of urban and rural residents16129 million yuan, an increase of 17.9% over the beginning of the year.

The per capita disposable income of urban residents was 6,553 yuan, a year-on-year increase of11.6%; The per capita net income of farmers was 2873 yuan, an increase of 16.7%. The added value created by the private economy in our city was1181900 million yuan, an increase of 23.2%, accounting for 47.4% of the GDP, accounting for half of the country.

The rural economy has accelerated. In 2004, the added value of agriculture reached 5.229 billion yuan, an increase of 6.9%.

The output of major agricultural products remained basically stable, and the proportion of cash crops increased. Animal husbandry maintained a rapid development momentum, agricultural industrialization achieved remarkable results, and the industrialization demonstration base began to take shape.

The export of labor services was carried out in an orderly manner, rural infrastructure and ecological environment construction were further strengthened, and new achievements were made in the development of township enterprises and the construction of small towns. The industrial economy has developed rapidly.

Zigong's industry has developed from a single salt making to a comprehensive industrial system with salt making, chemical industry and machinery as the pillars, electronics, metallurgy, light industry, textiles and building materials as one. In recent years, from "decentralization and profit-making", "grasping the big and releasing the small" and "solving the difficulties of state-owned enterprises" to the implementation of five industrial clusters, Zigong Industry has made great efforts to adjust its industrial structure, pay close attention to enterprise reform, turn losses into profits, and speed up efficiency. The scale of industrial economy has expanded rapidly, the quality of operation has improved significantly, and the growth rate has re-entered the advanced ranks of the province.

In 2004, there were 269 industrial enterprises above designated size and 5 large national enterprises with total industrial assets of 27.2 billion yuan. The quality of industrial economy continued to improve. The added value of industrial enterprises above designated size in the city was 5.369 billion yuan, the profit was 85 1 billion yuan, and the comprehensive benefit index of industrial economy reached 1 18.3 points.

The supporting role of key industries and advantageous enterprises has been further enhanced. The leading position of industrial economy has been further consolidated.

In 2004, the added value of the five pillar industrial clusters of salt chemical industry, chemical fiber textile, machinery, new materials and agricultural and sideline products processing industry accounted for 78.0% of the industries above designated size. One of the three major boiler manufacturers in China, mainly engaged in large-scale thermal power, nuclear power and fossil fuels.

6. A good sentence to describe the face of Zigong

In the history of China, there are more than 100 towns, restrictions and cities set up by salt, and Zigong is the only one, which has experienced the whole process of becoming a "salt capital" from small to large. Friends, what kind of firm belief, what kind of spiritual motivation, what kind of extraordinary wisdom and what kind of efforts are needed!

Yes, it is with an idea and a spirit that Zigong people in past dynasties, with their extraordinary wisdom and hard work, built their hometown into the world's earliest large-scale industrial mining mine, mine and salt field, the birthplace of the world's first thousand-meter deep well and the birthplace of human mechanical drilling technology. Without any reference, we conceive, invent and create by ourselves. That's it. Zigong people first invented a set of well salt production technology, which was at the forefront of the world at that time.

Here, I read countless symbolic words belonging to Zigong, such as "unique", "the earliest in the world", "the first in the world", "the first invention" and "the father of". Moreover, I seem to hear every salt well in the salt field of that well mine, and every crane is saying the same thing. They all proudly told us: "I am the soul of Zigong, and I am the spirit of Zigong." Yes, from there, I really realized the Zigong spirit of initiative, daring to think and do, striving for the first place and being the best.

What is even more touching and admirable is the role played by Zigong during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, and the spirit of loving one's post, being the first and striving for perfection. As we all know, 1937 War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out in an all-round way, and Jiangsu and Zhejiang sea salt producing areas were occupied by the Japanese army. Zigong salt field must play its role to the maximum, and Zigong city must be established for the needs of national strategy. Practice has proved that the salt production in Zigong has developed rapidly since the city was built in August 1939. During the eight years of the Anti-Japanese War, Zigong Salt Field shouldered the task of supplying one third of the population in China with salt, producing the most salt, with the most arduous task and the greatest contribution. Zigong's salt tax revenue accounts for more than 80% of Sichuan's salt tax revenue, ranking first. It strongly supported the economy at that time. In addition, for two consecutive years 1943 and 1944, in the "saving money to save the country" campaign initiated by Feng Yuxiang, Zigong people donated the most in the country, and the per capita donation ranked first in the country. How touching and inspiring this is.

Another bright spot in Zigong is the Zigong Lantern Festival, which is known as "the first lantern festival in the world". No city's lanterns will go through so many areas or even go abroad like Zigong Lantern Festival. No city's lantern festival will blow a fiery whirlwind everywhere like Zigong Lantern Festival; No city's lantern festival has been praised and praised by so many Chinese and foreign audiences like Zigong Lantern Festival. They praised Wakiwa and capped.

We applaud the Zigong spirit of being the first to invent, dare to think and do, dare to be the first and do the best. Today we applaud the spirit of Zigong, and tomorrow we will strive to carry forward the spirit of Zigong. In history, Zigong people have created one surprise after another, one miracle after another and one first. There will be more surprises and miracles in the future. The first one was created by Zigong people! Because, in each of us, Zigong people will shine the light of Zigong spirit!