How to play with drinks and respect people?

Lecture room talks about etiquette and wine ceremony

Treat guests with tea and friends with wine. Throughout the ages, wine has always played an important role in interpersonal communication. On holidays, they are indispensable, so that there is no banquet without wine. Don't look at how easy it is to push a cup for a change. Making friends is making friends. There are many exquisite drinks. In addition to the tea that people are familiar with, various foreign wines and different brands of coffee have quietly entered our lives. There are more choices for drinking on holidays, and there are more manners to know. What's the point of serving tea? What foreign wine to drink. How can coffee be elegant? These problems are solved, and both black tea, green tea, foreign wine and coffee can be handled. Today, Professor Jin will tell you about the etiquette when you visit relatives and friends in your leisure time, so that you can drink gracefully and have fun. )

China people used to talk about seven things: rice, oil, salt, sauce, vinegar and tea, so eating and drinking are often linked in daily life. You can say vulgar or elegant. Eating, drinking and having fun is an unavoidable problem for each of us, but in daily communication, if we don't know the problem of drinking, that is, the problem of drinks, it will sometimes be more troublesome. For example, I often. Whether you are full or not, in fact, if you want to know about modern fashion or modern etiquette, we actually have a set of names called wine to respect people. Tea is full of deception, which is common in our daily life now, but on the other hand, wine is full of respect for people, which is probably applicable in China. If you want to go to Europe and the United States, this kind of wine full of respect for people really has no effect. This kind of wine is seldom full. You want to go to the bar and order a drink. For example, you pour tea and water. The order of serving tea is very particular. Once I went to an institution to give a lecture, and I was a guest. When I entered the door, their leader sat down with me, and then the leader ordered me to serve tea. A comrade, probably from the office, came in. He must be familiar with the leader. Without thinking, he put the first cup of tea in the position of leader, made a big blush and said that you thought my unit was rude in front of lesbians. Professor Jin is a guest. This is the basic order. Therefore, there are many rituals about drinks in daily communication. Of course, some are not necessarily etiquette problems. For example, lesbians often ask me what to do if I get drunk while eating. These are all problems that we need to pay attention to in our daily communication and life.

What is wine? Wine is a general term for drinks used in more formal occasions in daily communication. Alcoholic drinks are what we call wine and so-called soft drinks. Everyone has experience to know that her concept is non-alcoholic drinks, such as water, fruit juice and other types of drinks. Therefore, in our daily communication and work, we may encounter the most drinks in China. Let's arrange it in order first. There are probably several kinds, namely tea, coffee and foreign wine.

Etiquette of drinking tea

China is the hometown of tea. People in China drink tea every day, and tea is the oldest. You don't care how fashionable Coca-Cola is and how fashionable you drink mineral water, but for ordinary people in China, tea is our first choice for hospitality. China people's traditional customs and habits are nothing more than two words to entertain guests. Please sit down, please sit down, serve tea, good tea. Then we will entertain guests for drinks in daily communication.

First, the choice of varieties, as we know, just like China has a vast territory and abundant natural resources, there are actually many kinds of China tea, and people in different regions pay different attention to drinking tea. For example, most of the audience at the scene should be from Beijing, and the real old Beijing prefers drinking tea and scented tea. For example, we Jiangsu and Zhejiang people like to drink green tea. You have been to Taiwan Province Province in China, Fujian Province and Guangdong Province in China, and you will find that their places like drinking tea. What kind of tea do you drink? Oolong tea is actually a semi-fermented green tea. People have a very nice name for oolong tea, called "green leaves and red edges". It is semi-fermented, so you can make better oolong tea. The middle piece is green and the edge is red. Besides, if you have been to Tibet and Yunnan, you will find people there. If you want to travel to Yunnan, you will notice that Pu 'er tea is also a very good local variety. I'm here to talk about what the types of tea mean. There is a basic etiquette principle. Remember I said that communication is centered on each other, and respecting each other means respecting each other's choices. So, before you serve tea, you must pay attention. Don't give people what you think is good tea, for example, I am from Shanghai. In our place, it is said that Biluochun in Huangshan, Biluochun in Maojian Mountain or Longjing Mountain in West Lake are all good teas, but if you are from Beijing, maybe you like to drink scented tea, then I can give you a suggestion: Miss Wang, the tea that just came down from my house is green tea, Biluochun and your jasmine tea in Beijing. Besides, I will let him choose what good things you want in Zhang Yiyuan. Don't tell him you will drink this, in case others don't like it.

Second: What you should pay attention to is the choice of tea set. People in China are particularly particular about drinking tea, such as congou tea, Sanpaotai tea, tea from ethnic areas and tea from other provinces. Its tea set is very particular, and it is important to listen, hold, smell, respect and continue. In some places, including Japan, it has developed into a tea ceremony and a performance procedure. Then we don't need to talk about that procedure in particular when drinking at home or receiving guests, but you have to understand that tea making is exquisite, such as tea soaked in porcelain, tea soaked in porcelain cups and tea soaked in purple sand pottery, which may have better results. No matter how good the tea is, you can soak it in that steel pot or make a big porcelain cup. The glass one is not so interesting. In addition, from the perspective of receiving guests, we have one. What do I mean by this, because sometimes we receive guests in some public places instead of at home, and the cup may be cracked or missing a side. I remember once going to a comrade's house. It was impolite for him to buy me a drink, but you couldn't bear it if you didn't drink it. Why, tea stains are everywhere, there is a crack in the cup, and the crack is covered with tea rust, which makes people feel dirty. Let me give you a big mouth. I usually go to outsiders' homes in public. I don't drink any cups given to me by others. I prefer to drink tea brewed in disposable paper cups. I also know that tea brewed in paper cups may be tasteless sometimes, but I am willing to use this kind of tea. I usually tell the comrades in charge of reception in the reception unit that if there are many guests and you need to help yourself, or sometimes you are too busy at work, you should put the tea bag on a disposable paper cup, because tea is also brewed in paper cups. We often have such comrades. I go to his house, he pours tea for me, or I go to the meeting. I held a cup and he filled me with tea. Ask him to bring you some good tea. I'd rather the process of taking tea is not very good. I went to a friend's house once, Lao Jin. I know you southerners like to drink green tea. I just got 2000 Jin from Huangshan Maojian, and I am very happy.

Third: Pay attention to serving tea. Serving tea is exquisite. For example, generally speaking, if you pour tea for guests, it is best to pour tea from the right back side in the conference room and VIP reception room. For example, suppose Professor Jin is giving a report now, and you come from the front to bring me tea. I am easily distracted. I have to watch you. After you serve me tea, I have to say thank you. It may have an impact. It came from the back of my right side, because most people hold cups with their right hands, which is better. To put it more technically, the handle of your cup should be outward so that I can reach it. Think about how I held your cup in my right hand and had to turn around. This is very particular, and the order is also very particular. In order, we usually say a few words, guest first, host second, as I said just now, women first, men first, respect first, and then humility. If two people, a man and a woman, should generally serve the lady first. This is the priority for ladies, and it is also the basic rule for you to eat out. If you go home to receive guests, such as your company or your home, the basic order of serving tea is to serve tea to the guests first, and then to the host. There is more than one host and guest. The standard order is to serve food first, in turn, with the high status first, the low status later, and then to the host, with the high status first and the low status later, so the order is four: tea etiquette. If you go to some ethnic minority areas, such as Fujian and Yunnan, many places have tea fairs, teahouses, teahouses and tea ceremony performances, then you should pay due attention to tea tasting in this place.

Problems that should be paid attention to when tasting tea. First, look humble. For example, people pour you tea and say thank you. In some places, it is emphasized to refer to the ceremony and tap the table with your fingers. It is said that the ceremony of pointing fingers is an allusion handed down from the Qianlong period. Now it is popular in South China, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. It is said that Ganlong likes traveling incognito. Once in Suzhou, local officials knew he was here, but they didn't know where he was, so they were afraid. I didn't expect to walk into a teahouse and find Gan Long drinking tea there. When these people went up, they told Gan Long that they didn't kneel or kneel. As soon as they knelt down, people knew that this was the emperor. Maybe someone nearby did something impolite or assassination to Gan Long. I'm sorry, but if you want to show that kind of respect, you should immediately do what you say. When you say what you do, Qianlong is also very conscious. They greeted Ganlong, and it was not appropriate for Ganlong not to return the gift, nor was it appropriate to return the gift. Qianlong made a song with the middle finger and forefinger of his right hand and knocked on the table two or three times, which means you bent down. We don't have to imitate this. In a word, people serve you. Second: be elegant. You must pay attention. Don't drink too loudly and don't smoke. In addition, if tea leaves enter your mouth, you should pay more attention to us. The teacup has a lid. You should open the lid before drinking. If it enters your mouth, don't spit it back, so it is elegant. Third, tea should be tasted properly. For example, after someone offers you tea, if possible, you should first hold the tea to your nose to smell it, and then take a sip. You should take a sip of liquid tea in your mouth, soak your tongue first, and then swallow it slowly, whether it is really drinkable or not. Some comrades collapsed after drinking a glass of wine. You said you were given a small cup of oolong tea, and you had to drink two or three mouthfuls to quench your thirst, but he didn't understand.

Etiquette for drinking coffee

Drinking coffee sometimes has some skills you don't understand, which is really troublesome. A girl was chatting with me there that day, so I asked her, and I said, "Have you noticed that when foreigners order coffee in European movies, the distinguished gentleman and lady often choose" black coffee "and" black coffee "? On the other hand, he doesn't want coffee with milk, which is commonly called French coffee. French coffee is actually the kind with milk. Most people don't drink French coffee very much. He always orders black coffee in front of outsiders. Do you know why? It focuses on what it is. In the eyes of Europeans, drinking black coffee is a status symbol. Why? Because in the past, black coffee was usually drunk after people had finished their dinner. We once talked about western food etiquette. I said a regular western food, which contains many sets of dishes. Eat appetizers first, then soup, then fish, then meat. Sometimes there are two kinds of meat. First, eat steak. It is the same thing to eat ice cream, fruit and snacks again. You say he is greasy, so at this time, you want him to drink white coffee with milk, can he swallow it? So drinking black coffee at this time is similar to people in China who eat greasy things every day, like to scrape oil with oolong tea and eat big fish and meat. Such a special person, so you need to know the variety of coffee.

First of all, generally speaking, hospitality emphasizes freshly ground and brewed coffee. Of course, we China people, including some enterprises, have no ability to entertain guests. Besides, you can't cook. Maybe you're unarmed. In this case, you can serve instant coffee when entertaining him, but don't emphasize it deliberately. Just tell us we can't entertain others. This is one reason to treat you to instant noodles. Second: Pay attention to the choice of coffee beans, such as Blue Mountain Coffee, Java Coffee, Brazilian Coffee and Colombian Coffee. They all have some different places of origin, and the coffee beans they produce are very famous. Anyone who has drunk high-grade coffee and has experience knows that the blue mountain coffee produced in Jamaica is very famous, so if someone tells you that Lao Wang's coffee is blue mountain coffee, you should praise it, because the general blue mountain coffee is hundreds of times, and things are rare. That coffee is really mellow. Third: pay attention to adding things to coffee. The experience of our common people is to add some partners. In fact, there are many supplements. For example, there is so-called royal coffee. What's added to the Royal Coffee? Royal coffee actually has brandy. It is said that when Napoleon the Great led the French army to conquer Russia at the beginning of the19th century, the weather was very cold, and the man and his soldiers were frozen stiff, so he thought of a way to quench his thirst by drinking coffee. Simply put the brandy in, take a spoonful of brandy and burn it on the brewed coffee, so that the aroma of brandy and coffee can be mixed together. It's called royal coffee. Whiskey, cream and tea are all different. For example, in our daily life, we sometimes meet a kind of so-called high-pressure steam espresso in high-end social places: espresso, which is actually espresso with a special vessel. The cup is very small, not much bigger than my thumb, but it can be said that it is coffee extraction, coffee.

Then you should pay attention to drinking coffee. Coffee is actually an ornament in our social occasions. Mainly for refreshing and embellishing, not for quenching thirst, so you must pay attention to drinking coffee, and you can't drink it continuously. We know that coffee is frozen, but most coffee is hot. The reason why it is hot is to let you drink slowly. If you drink coffee on more important occasions, you should pay attention to the procedure of drinking coffee. For example, coffee, usually a whole set of coffee, is a plate, a cup, a spoon and a spoon. Knowledgeable comrades know that spoons are unnecessary, just let them lie on the tray. Never let the spoon lie on the cup, put it on the cup and let it stand at attention in the cup. This is taboo in many countries. You should be careful not to use spoons indiscriminately. Spoons are basically useless, and there are only two uses at most. Add milk sugar first and stir it a little; Second, the coffee is hot, so you have to stir it.

Fourth, the problems that should be paid attention to when drinking coffee. For example, social places are in the open air, and foreigners have a social activity called a coffee party. Often, their wives and family members are in the yard together, and everyone is free to walk, assemble and communicate freely. What do you do with this cup at this time? Under normal circumstances, we should pay attention to the standard holding method, that is, holding the tray in the left hand, and then standing the cup on the mop. Don't take it out like a teapot, walk the bird like an old man, with a cage in one hand and a teapot in the other. This informal occasion; But on formal occasions, it is very inappropriate for you to cover your coffee cup with your hand. What is the standard practice when drinking? If you sit at the table and drink coffee, don't touch the plate on the table, just pick up the coffee cup and drink it. You have to sit at the table, you drink coffee and serve the food, which is suspected of posing as foreign garlic. But if you walk outside, for example, if you walk in an open garden, or if you stand and talk to others, you should pay attention at this time. What is standardization practice? First, the cup is standing on the plate, even the cup and the plate are taken together. After taking it, put the plate at the height of the chest, still holding this hand, and then take the cup to drink. Know what I mean? What are the advantages of putting this dish here? In other words, if coffee comes out, it will only flow to the plate to avoid splashing all over you. This is very important.

The way to drink foreign wine

As an imported product, foreign wine has a history of only one or two hundred years in China, but for various reasons, many of our comrades are not familiar with it. For example, foreign wine has one of the most important stresses. As far as eating and drinking are concerned, foreign wine is a side dish. Eat western food, eat different dishes and pay attention to drinking different wines. I told a comrade the other day, what are the basic rules I am talking about? The basic rule is to eat red meat and drink red wine, and eat white meat and drink white wine. Actually, I mean dry white and dry red. For example, if you really know about foreign wine, you will know that there are several procedures for table wine collocation. Of course, I'm talking about very standard procedures. Usually you may not be able to do it. Like China, eating and drinking is often a kind of wine. Sometimes when friends get together, a case of beer is piled here until you are dry, and a glass of wine fights for you to the end. As a foreigner, he is actually more particular, but changing a dish for a wine is different. What is the basic collocation? The basic collocation is like this. There is etiquette in drinking foreign wine: drink white wine first and then red wine. Of course, the white wine and red wine we are talking about here are all wine; Second, drink light wine first, and then drink dark wine. As we all know, white wine is definitely light and red wine is definitely dark. In fact, if you have ever drunk wine, the wine that foreigners drink at the table is basically wine, such as champagne. As we all know, it is actually sparkling wine. There is a special process to make it foam. Brandy is also wine, and it is distilled wine, so all the wine on foreigners' tables is wine. Beer, which China people like to drink, is a drink in the eyes of foreigners and is not served. In fact, if you have ever drunk wine, you will know that besides red and white, wine has a color between the two-rose red. Sometimes, in China, it is called pink, which means a little red, but it is not dark red like red wine, but light, so if you want to talk about collocation, besides drinking white before drinking red, the second rule is to drink light before drinking deep. The third kind pays attention to drinking young wine first and then drinking old wine. This is wine, sometimes foreign wine, and it is about the storage year. Relatively speaking, the longer the year, the longer the storage life, and the more expensive and mellow the wine. So if there are several kinds of wines on your table, you should pay attention to the light vintage first, and then the deep vintage. Is to drink young comrades first, then old comrades. Why? Old and precious, big ending. Fourth, pay attention to drinking light wine first, then sweet wine, such as brandy, whisky and gin. This kind of wine with heavy taste and strong strength is generally the finale. One last drink. Because I ate too much, I used it to say greasy. What's another way of saying it? Drink sour wine first, then sweet wine. There is a simple reason. If you drink liqueur, you will be full. Very greasy. So liqueur is the last drink. So drinking is a bit particular. Considering the actual needs of the gay community, I will give you a brief introduction.

Drinking in a bar

Our social activities are just like those of Europeans and Americans. He likes to go to bars to drink. If you have eaten a foreigner's banquet abroad, you will find that friends usually have a working meal, chat or do business. He usually eats in a restaurant instead of drinking. Unlike people in China, we actually live a relatively happy life, drinking at every meal. If we are free, foreigners are afraid of affecting their work and society, so they don't drink at work When to drink? Welcome banquet, farewell banquet, party drinking, social occasions to go to bars. What kind of wine do people drink in bars? People generally like to drink wine, whisky and cocktails in bars. This whisky is quite strong. As we all know, whisky is best produced in England, and Scotch whisky is very famous. If you want to add some soda and ice, you can drink it clean, dry it or add something, but the intensity is higher. Whiskey, if it contains alcohol, contains 40 degrees, 40%, which is very powerful. The alcohol content of brandy and whisky is 40 degrees, which is very strong. In addition, there are many kinds of cocktails. As we all know, cocktails are drinks made of wine, fruit juice and other drinks, including different kinds of wine. Generally speaking, cocktails are suitable for people to drink in bars or various lobbies. Cocktails sometimes have a special thing that you must pay attention to. A special feature of cocktail is that it has different varieties and may be suitable for different people. It has an identity confirmation. For example, in our country, urban white-collar workers all know a variety, pink girl. This cocktail is actually for girls. Because it's light. Beautiful woman, beautiful girl. You said that Professor Jin and the old gentleman went to play with everyone. I told him I wanted a glass of pink girl, and there was something wrong with this identity confirmation. On the other hand, there is a cocktail whose name is female, not necessarily female-only, bloody Mary. Pink girl, bloody Mary, Manhattan and screwdriver are the so-called top ten cocktail brands. There are always people, and most bartenders know that. The bloody Mary of this cocktail has a high intensity. Stop looking. There is a foreign women named Mary. But because it has a bloody word, it is not drunk by ordinary women, but by gentlemen, and its intensity is higher. So, if you are a young girl who ordered this wine, just tell us that a very lady girl suddenly picked up a cigarette, which is a bit strange and there are some problems in identity confirmation. So, drinking cocktails, you have to pay attention to this.

Drink at the dinner table

Wine is eaten and drunk. Table wine is generally divided into three types. What about three types? It is called aperitif, table wine and after-dinner wine. The so-called aperitif is usually drunk before the main course, that is, when I talked about western food and appetizers last time. Generally, the taste is light, or the taste is sweet and sour, which can open the taste. Generally speaking, the aperitif wines that westerners prefer to drink, such as cocktails and champagne, are common varieties. You should pay attention to champagne. Its glass is exquisite. Foreigners' wine glasses are used to hold different kinds of wine, unlike our comrade China, who sometimes drinks in bottles and dries in teapots. Different glasses hold different wines. What is the most common champagne glass? This is a tulip-shaped wine glass with slender legs. The cup is like a slender tube, like a tulip bud. You should note that the standard grip of this champagne is to pinch the glass legs, because the best drinking temperature of champagne is about 4 degrees Celsius, which needs to be chilled, and it is usually taken out in an ice bucket. As soon as the bottle is opened, the foam flies out, which has a festive taste. The foam flies out and feels better. Think about it, it is because of freezing that I feel this way. If you hold the cup well, you may lose the foam and the meaning will be poor. This tulip-shaped glass can sometimes hold cocktails. Sometimes champagne also has a kind of glass: hemispherical glass, which is generally suitable for signing ceremonies and banquets. Note that champagne is the only wine that westerners drink on more important occasions, unlike what we can do if we catch it. Anyway, we'll dry you and fuck you. Foreigners, he is more procedural. The only wine he used to toast and congratulate was champagne. In addition, he likes to drink champagne when congratulating the opening, cutting the ribbon, signing ceremony and launching the new ship. Then you usually eat the main course, meat, fish and wine at this time, which is called table wine.

Table wine is divided into white wine and red wine. Generally speaking, at western banquets, you will put three cups on the table. These three cups are right in front of your right hand, walking from outside to inside in turn. What are these three cups? The outermost is white wine, the middle is red wine, and the innermost is a clear glass. It is getting bigger and bigger from the outside to the inside, the smallest white wine glass, the red wine glass in the middle and the largest water glass. In fact, table wine is red wine and white wine. Then white wine is served with white meat. What is white meat? We once talked about western food, which is called chicken and fish. After this kind of seafood and poultry meat is cooked, its meat is generally white and has a light taste. The taste of white wine is weak. So it is better to eat light wine with light vegetables. Then what should you pay attention to? The best drinking temperature of liquor is around 13 degrees Celsius, between 18 degrees and 15 degrees, and 13 degrees is the best. How can you reach this temperature? Standardize the practice and drink white wine with ice. In fact, you should see that the white wine glass is similar to the red wine glass, but the white wine glass is slightly smaller. But remember, its standardized method is to hold a cup leg. Because it is filled with ice, if you hold it in your hand, the ice is equal to white. Eat red meat. Red meat is beef, mutton and pork. When cooked, it is red. It's very strong and may smell fishy. It needs a lot of spices and is suitable for stewing and roasting. So in that case, you should pay attention. If you eat red meat, it is usually accompanied by rich red wine. The standard drinking temperature of red wine is about 18 degrees Celsius. So this standard practice of drinking red wine, as I said in the preface, is nothing, nothing. In Professor Jin's words, adding sprite is particularly stupid, adding lemon is particularly stupid, and adding ice cubes is particularly stupid. It all adds up to stupidity. Because red wine is drunk at about 18 degrees, its standardized method is to hold the cup body without pinching the cup leg, because there is no need to pinch the cup leg. So this is one of its more important practices.

After-dinner wine, the main course is finished, and you need to get tired of it. You can drink black tea, black coffee and, of course, wine. What do you usually drink after dinner? Brandy, whiskey. Foreigners sometimes have a habit. After eating the main course, the host may give a welcome speech and farewell speech, and usually propose a toast during the speech. Then it's ok to drink champagne at this time. Sometimes I drink some sweet wine, such as sherry and gin. We just say, drink light first, then sweet; Drink sour first, then sweet. At this time, you should pay attention. In fact, the most important thing is that the after-dinner wine we see on more formal occasions is brandy. Brandy. This is the finale. Good goods are the last to come out, so it is after-dinner wine. When brandy is served, the host will give you a grand recommendation. Have you noticed that this is a more formal occasion, and the best bottle of wine is taken out. The first cup is for the host, commonly known as wine tasting. Do you know why this glass of wine is for the host to try? In fact, it is to tell guests to drink boldly, safely and non-toxic. The ancients fought, and sometimes the alliance at the door worried that you would drug them, so the first glass of wine should be tried by the host. In fact, this is also a procedure. The best drinking temperature of brandy is 20 degrees Celsius. Of course, this wine can't be brewed, nor can it be brewed, scalded and steamed like our old yellow rice wine. What do we do has something to do with the way we hold the cup. Experienced people will know that brandy glasses are pot-bellied cups, small-mouthed cups, short-legged cups and short legs. What is standardization practice? Hold the cup leg between the middle finger and the ring finger, let the whole cup sit on the palm of your hand, and let it hold the cup in your palm. It usually has a program for drinking brandy. The first is to observe its color. It is said that XO wine of this grade is clear and transparent. Through the thin glass, the palm prints of fingers can be seen clearly; Secondly, to see its fragrance, you should move it near your nose to smell it, because it is good wine, and that bottle of wine costs 7800 yuan, so you should pay tribute to others. Why does it have this program? Because of this general wine, a bottle is about 17, 8 degrees. But the brandy glass has a big belly and a thin bottom. If you put it in the palm of your hand for a few minutes, you will actually warm the wine in the cup through your palm. It has such a trick. On the surface, he is tasting wine there, but in fact, it is heating up. In this way, it tastes better in your mouth. Of course, whether drinking Chinese wine or foreign wine, I advocate that there are two problems to pay attention to. The first question: Do what you can. Sometimes, we get drunk, which is pleasant. But sometimes, getting drunk will affect your work, even hurt your health, or add trouble to others, which is too inappropriate. Therefore, drinking advocates doing what you can; Second, we should respect the choice of our guests. The host should say that the host will suit the guest, and the guest should say that the guest will suit the host. You shouldn't just fill in others. For example, just now, what if lesbians say they can't drink? Then tell him you can't drink it. If others say you can't drink, don't want to drink, don't force it. Some comrades said that drinking or not is an emotional problem for me. What feelings are deeper, more boring and shallower, which is not in line with the fashion of modern social interaction. Wine and coffee, apart from the elegance of an environment, are also brought up by our customers themselves, so I'm afraid they are indispensable. Thank you!