Two copies each of the investigation report, essay, and learning experience about the art of shell carving, one copy each of the planning report, evaluation form, and five copies each of the research

Two copies each of the investigation report, essay, and learning experience about the art of shell carving, one copy each of the planning report, evaluation form, and five copies each of the research notes and diaries.

Shell carving - Hainan shell carving technology reached a high level as early as the Ming Dynasty, and gradually combined with the ancient coconut carving technology to form a unique artistic style. Nowadays, most of the exquisite Hainan shell carvings are combined and inlaid with coconut carvings, or coconut carvings are used as stands. The bright shell carvings form a strong contrast with the simple coconut carvings. In recent years, various small shell carvings based on the themes of coconut grove scenery, ends of the earth, volcanic craters, Boao and other Hainan scenic spots have become very popular among tourists, and some exquisite shell carvings created in our province have also frequently won domestic awards. .

Selection of shells in shell carving crafts There are a variety of shells and conch shells with strange shapes and colorful colors. Among them, tiger oysters, white jade oysters, luminous oysters, five-clawed snails, hunter snails, pearl oysters, chastity snails, Tang crown snails, seven-cornered shells, hunter's ear shells, as well as horseshoe snails that can be used as ashtrays, large-horned snails that fishermen use as horns, etc. , are all lovely natural handicrafts, and are also commonly used materials for shell carving. Good shells are the basis of shell carving technology. Various screens, utensils, furnishings, etc., made of smooth and shiny sea shells, are carved and inlaid with bright and natural colors. , with noble and elegant style. Shell carvings can also use various shells to make a variety of practical crafts, such as wine sets, ornaments, pendants, necklaces, chest ornaments, etc., which are as exquisite as jade

II , Proposal of the theme of the activity:

Dongshan Island is surrounded by the sea. The deep blue sea and golden beach deeply intoxicate every student, especially the shells on the beach are more diverse and colorful. Colorful, eye-catching, and easy to pick up. In their spare time, students often go to the beach to play together, pick up some of their favorite shells from the beach and keep them. Students who are ingenious often process them into beautiful small handicrafts and put them on the table. The carefully crafted shell products are truly unique and addictive, and even the students who are clumsy are excited and eager to try them. Although the students are very interested in shell making, due to the lack of necessary tools and little knowledge of handicraft knowledge and shell processing methods, the actual work is often unsatisfactory with twice the result and half the effort. So we investigated the production of shell carvings. Our local area is rich in resources. As long as we are attentive people, we can discover the unique beauty of various natural materials, such as the various shellfish that can be seen everywhere on the seaside. They are colorful, and after passing through the sea water; The baptism of time has formed gorgeous textures and various shapes. Why not develop and utilize them and process them into daily life, school supplies or works of art to enrich and beautify our lives.

3. Specific goals of the activity:

1. Let students collect shell crafts and understand the types and characteristics of shell processing through research, interviews, information review, etc.

2. Collect all kinds of shells and process them to create them. The main forms include shell carvings, shell sculptures, shell pastings, and shell jewelry production. Feel the hidden space contained in the use of shells.

3. Make students deeply aware that beauty exists everywhere in life. They must carefully observe and discover beauty, and be able to use their own hands to create beauty.

IV. The process and method of the activity

1. Person in charge of the division of labor Students voluntarily form groups to conduct investigations according to the needs of the topic and their interests. Each group has a team leader who is responsible for the organization and leadership of the group's investigation topics, including the area, personnel, time, content, overall planning, etc. of the investigation. The team can set up liaison officers, recorders, and collectors according to the situation, who are responsible for liaising with relevant departments to conduct interviews, recording survey and interview results, and collecting shellfish specimens.

2. Activity steps:

Phase time Main tasks Phase goals: Search for information, collect shells, conduct on-site inspections of shell processing plants, and visit technical personnel to determine the quality of this process from mid-July to late August The group investigates the objectives, content, investigation methods and activity tasks, and formulates an activity plan

From early August to late August, the group cooperates to complete the production of shell works and shell works

Summary of results in early September Exhibition of shell products, submission of papers to relevant departments

3. Activity location: Dongshan Nanmen Beach, Maluan Bay and Shell Art Factory, Shell Museum

4. Specific process

(1) Determine the investigation location and interview objects

The whole class will discuss and discuss the investigation content, activity tasks and methods together.

(2) Grouping according to the inspection location and interview objects

Divide the whole class into four groups (based on interests and hobbies, using a voluntary combination method), and go to the Shell Art Factory Conduct field visits, surveys, interviews, and collect shells at the beach and fishermen’s homes.

(3) Each group conducts on-site inspections, surveys, interviews, collates the information obtained, and inquires about relevant information.

1. Each group will conduct on-site inspections or interviews to learn about shells and shell crafts based on actual conditions.

2. Each group will find a classmate to share the results of the group’s inspections and interviews. Harvest.

3. Display the collected shell crafts and evaluate them to understand their production process, required tools, materials, etc., analyze the feasibility and difficulties of self-production, and discuss solutions.

(4) Production of shell works

1. Collect shells as needed.

2. Conduct a preliminary classification and sorting of the collected shells based on information such as name, category, main use, shell shape, color, texture characteristics, etc.

3. Name Category Shell Shape Shell Color Texture Characteristics Use

4. Innovative processing under the guidance of teachers.

Summary of investigation and understanding:

Anyone who has been to Dongshan Island will be deeply attracted by the various exquisite shell carving crafts. In the 1960s, Dongshan Island opened the first shell carving craft factory in Fujian. The ingenious island artists make use of the natural color, texture and shape of the shells to perform their work according to the materials. After selecting, rinsing, polishing, engraving, cutting, glazing, inlaying and other processes, they skillfully use collage, floating pile and other techniques. Method, blank mold method, support method, inlay method, etc., to make bonsai, ashtray, pen holder, flower holder, necklace, candlestick, hanging screen and toys. They even use ingenious techniques to vividly display the lotus flowers in the pond, the fish swimming in the water, the lions in the mountains, the mandarin ducks in the pond, and the natural scenery.

Shell carvings are handicrafts that are carved or inlaid with colored shells or are handicrafts that are directly processed on the shells. The everlasting color of seashells does not change with life and surroundings like plants. It is naturally beautiful, with innate magical colors, and a strange appearance created by the uncanny workmanship of nature. Among the numerous marine shells on Dongshan Island, you can not only find the currency that circulated in ancient times, but also appreciate the crystal-clear harp snails, Oriental quails, rare luminous salamanders, and the nautilus, a national first-level protected animal, and a second-level national protected animal. Class-protected animals Tang Guanluo, tiger-spotted baby, etc. There are hundreds of varieties of shells. There are coral, tiger oyster, pearl oyster, nautilus, crown snail, etc. One species can also be divided into many kinds of shell carvings, such as coral. Coral can be made into coral bonsai with white coral. Coral bonsai is very beautiful and looks like it from a distance. Just like a few white peonies stuck together, they will never wither; red coral can also be used to make rings, necklaces and other jewelry. Pearls, pearls can be made into various jewelry; pearls can also be ground into pearl powder. Pearl powder is a precious traditional Chinese medicine that can treat dizziness, convulsions, upset and other symptoms. Pearl powder can also be used to maintain skin and beautify the face; Pearl oysters can be used to make hanging screens and other furnishings, as well as various stationery, smoking sets, table lamps and other daily necessities. These are just some of the shellfish species, and there are thousands of other species.

A good shell sculpture needs good materials, so the material selection should not be careless. Choosing shells is like going to the market to choose fish. If you choose fresh fish, it will taste good. If you choose stale fish, it will taste bad and sometimes it will harm your body. The same goes for choosing shells. The shells needed for shell carving must be of high quality, so that the shell carving can achieve a "beautiful" effect; if inferior shells are selected, the shell carving can only achieve a medium effect. But inferior shells also have their uses. They can be ground into powder and added with gypsum for further processing.

The purchased shells must be cleaned. Different shells need to be soaked in different potions and the soaking time is also different. For example, shells such as tiger oyster, nautilus, crown snail, etc. need to be soaked in different potions. Soak stronger potion for a longer time, because these shells contain residual flesh, which will rot inside the shell, making it inconvenient to process, and will also emit bursts of stench. Shells such as coral and pearl oysters have Some have no flesh, and some have flesh that will fall off automatically, so there is no need to soak it for so long, and the medicinal properties cannot be too strong. The soaked shells will look particularly clean and smooth.

Some shells do not need to be processed after cleaning. Shells such as crown snails and nautilus. Because often these shells are just used as decorations. As long as it is washed with clean water and then polished, it can be sold directly without further processing. Shells such as coral, pearl oysters, and tiger oysters need to be carefully processed again. When processing white coral again, you need to choose a coral that looks like a mushroom as the base, and then use gypsum and shell powder to glue the white coral into a coral bonsai; when making pearl oysters, you need to carve the pearl oysters into lifelike patterns, and then put them into a coral bonsai. It can be embedded into wood products; when making tiger shells, you can paste lifelike patterns on the tiger shells and then etch them. We also need to clean the processed shells again. This cleaning is very different from the previous cleaning, because this cleaning is only to remove the dirt formed during processing. Just soak the shells in a weak potion for two or three minutes. The cleaned shells also need to be planed. Once the shells are planed, a beautiful handicraft is considered complete.

Shell carving is really a masterpiece. Shell carving does not only require a perfect and exquisite processing process, but it also needs a skillful processor who can turn worthless shells into Become a processor of priceless shell carving art.

5. Exchange of results

①. Display colorful shell specimens.

② Display the various shell works produced in the form of an exhibition, introduce the concept, characteristics, and production methods of the works to the students, and invite students to provide valuable opinions.

③ Exchange activities and share experiences, thoughts, and insights.

Each student in the group communicates orally, and the group sends a representative to communicate with the whole class (representing the voice of the whole group). Each student writes down what he or she feels most deeply and shares it with the whole class (post it in the classroom).

Resources shared within the group:

*Almost all molluscs have shells - shells. Shellfish can be divided into five major categories, namely Gastropodia, Bivalvia, Digopoda, Polypladium, and Cephalopoda. Each class is further divided into several different groups.

*Gastropod shells: Most gastropod shells have small posterior aqueous grooves at the rear of the shell mouth, and also have aqueous grooves in the front of the shell mouth. There may be pleats on the screw shaft and protruding teeth on the outer lip. Observing the shell mouth surface, the appearance is hat-shaped, ear-shaped, gyro-shaped, screw-shaped, pear-shaped, spindle-shaped, pipa-shaped and stick-shaped.

*Bivalve shells: These shells are composed of two left and right shells, which are connected by a ligament; when the two shells are joined together, the ligament can be seen from the bottom of the shell. The shapes are disk-shaped, fan-shaped, boat-shaped, paddle-shaped, and a few are heart-shaped and irregular.

All diggopods are ivory-shaped, the rare cephalopod shells are almost the same shape and size, and the shell plates of polyplates are decorated.

* Shell habitat: Molluscs have been able to adapt to different living environments. From rocks washed by sea water day and night to the dark deep seabed, they all have their own special groups of molluscs. Tides affect the characteristics and distribution of molluscs growing on the seashore, and sufficient sunlight can provide abundant food. Molluscs are best suited to inhabit the tropics.

*Protect habitats: Humans should try not to destroy the habitats of living things. Under almost every rock and coral reef is a community of animals and plants. Once destroyed, it will bring disaster to them. If a certain beach is constantly searched by seashell collectors, the natural habitat of this creature will gradually be destroyed, so please respect the living space of these defenseless lower animals.

*Composition of shells: Calcium carbonate is the most basic substance that makes up shells. Another ingredient is shell protein, which is contained in the mouth covers of gastropods. This ingredient is secreted layer by layer, making the shells harder and harder, and some even produce the luster of pearls. The hard shell enlarges from the outer edge and gradually thickens as it grows. Because of the periodicity and continuity of growth, shells display beautiful colorful patterns.

* Collection of shells: Clean the meat, residues and shell appendages of the shellfish, make sure the shells are completely dry, and then store them in a light-proof and airtight place. Finally, the towels are labeled and classified into categories to facilitate collection and retrieval.

* ...Main materials: shells of shellfish, such as clams, clams, clams, scallops, mussels, scallops, snails, earthworms, sea urchins and other shellfish.

5. Students’ Gains

When the comprehensive practical activity course was first launched, I thought it was very fresh and fun. However, through constant outings and visits, we really understood Despite the hardships of social activities and the truth contained in them, we are still happy in our hearts. We always feel a sense of pride growing because we feel that we have begun to contact and understand society, and have a more precious experience——< /p>

The comprehensive practical activities made us realize the value of the spirit of unity and cooperation. In a short period of time, we seemed to have grown up a lot and learned to care and help each other. During this period, we often completed tasks that were not within our own responsibility regardless of each other. If we had any ideas, we would immediately bring them up and discuss them together without complaining or complaining. With everyone's co-participation, work efficiency has of course been greatly improved. As the saying goes, "Unity is strength," a rope twisted together is never easy to break. We encountered many difficulties during the production process, which made us feel the importance of cooperation. For example, the staff were very cooperative with our work, and the interview was carried out smoothly. I am really grateful to them...

6. The understanding and experience of the instructors

The comprehensive practical activities not only changed the students' Our study life has also completely changed our teaching life. Comprehensive practical activities make teachers leave the classroom, leave the podium, and leave the subject. They are often so powerless in front of students. Young people are terrible. If they don’t study, they will really be eliminated. Comprehensive practical activities also allow teachers to experience mutual learning and mutual improvement between teachers and students. Comprehensive practical activities allow teachers to get closer to students without knowing it, thereby getting to know students better and students getting to know teachers, and the relationship between teachers and students becomes more harmonious. The biggest impact on me from the comprehensive practical activities is that it makes me deeply feel that students are the masters of learning, and it is my responsibility to encourage students to practice, experience and discover by themselves

Attached: Interview notes:< /p>

Ma Huocai is now the person in charge of a shell carving factory in Dongshan. Walking into Master Ma's studio, there is a faint fishy smell in the air, which is the smell of the sea. He said: "I didn't learn the art of making shell carvings because I love this thing. Over time, practice makes me perfect. I can depict whatever I think of with the shells in my hand." Making shell carvings requires polishing shells of different sizes into various shapes. shape, and then assemble the picture. There was no grinding machine, so he converted the sewing machine at home into a grinder and produced some outstanding works, which impressed the old masters in the shell carving factory at that time.

After that, Chen Chunlong gradually developed his own characteristics and skills in making shell carvings, which was to use small shells to depict the plants and trees in his hometown. Although he has never formally studied painting, the beautiful scenery of Dongtou has long been imprinted in his mind. Often, in just one or two nights, he can outline a five- to six-meter-long meticulous green landscape painting, which serves as the basis for making shell sculptures. picture. "After the overall drawing is completed, it is broken down into various parts, and then the shells are polished into corresponding shapes according to the shapes of mountains, rivers, islands, flowers and birds in the drawing." After the assembly is completed, the last process is spray painting, which is the so-called coloring. , a work is completed like this. It sounds simple, but it takes a lot of effort to actually carry out these steps, and it won't be completed in ten and a half months. He said that the works created by shell carvings are not large in size, but the quality is very high, and the creation process cannot be completely limited to the original design drawings. Changes must be made at any time according to needs, and the technical requirements are very high. Because of this, Master Ma lamented: "Shell carving is a good thing, but it takes time and the output is not high. Young people nowadays don't like to learn it." This old artist has devoted himself to the island's shell carving for more than ten years. There are too many emotions, and this technology is in urgent need of someone to inherit and carry it forward. During the interview, he mentioned a wish: that more people can pass on this technology.

Investigation Diary: Sunny on August 15, 2007

My classmates and I went to many tourist attractions and found that each tourist attraction has more than a dozen shops open. There are shell carvings for sale here, and some of them are shops specializing in shell carvings. Our locally made shell carvings have a large sales volume, accounting for 80% of the handicrafts in the store. As you can imagine, there are a lot of local shell carvings and the sales volume is not small. Some local shell carvings are sold to other places. Sales volume reaches 50%. Most of these shell carvings are shipped to Xiamen and Fuzhou. We also found that the tables, chairs and other furniture in every furniture store were inlaid with shells. According to the owner of the furniture store, shell-carved furniture is very popular and its sales volume is larger than that of ordinary furniture, accounting for 70% of furniture sales. This shows that shell carvings are very popular among consumers.

As early as the Song and Yuan Dynasties, crafts such as mother-of-pearl inlay and shell stickers were popular among Chinese folk. The varieties include various figures, animals, flowers, hanging screens and other furnishings; various stationery, smoking sets, table lamps and other daily necessities. Rich colors, strange shapes, natural and beautiful. The main production areas include Dalian, Liaoning, Qingdao, Shandong, Beihai, Guangxi, Lufeng, Guangdong and other places.

Shell carvings are made from colored shells, using their natural color and texture shape, and are carefully carved into flat, semi-relief, inlaid, three-dimensional and other shapes through processes such as cutting, grinding, polishing, stacking and pasting. Artifacts of form and specification. It only developed after liberation.

The use of shells can be traced back to the cavemen period 50,000 years ago, when they were strung into chains for decoration. From the Shang Dynasty to the Qin Dynasty, shellfish, a type of shellfish, has long been used as currency. After the Han Dynasty, artists of all dynasties used the color of shells to carve various patterns and inlay them on bronzes, mirrors, screens, tables and chairs for decoration. Known as "Luodian", this craft is still produced in many areas.

There are various types of shells, the big ones are like dustpans, the small ones are like rice grains, they come in many shapes and colors, and one shell can be polished to produce multiple layers of colors. Therefore, the handicrafts produced have many varieties and a wide range of themes. The varieties include smoking sets, stationery, desk lamps, hairpins, bottle holders, fish tanks and other practical crafts, as well as various hanging screens, folding screens, round sculptures and other artistic appreciation items. The colors are all based on the inherent color of the shells, without exaggeration, and have a unique flavor. Most of the shell arts and crafts are glued together. After research and improvement, now it will not open when boiled in boiling water, and will not deform at temperatures as low as -40 degrees Celsius.

The main producing areas of shell carvings are Qingdao in Shandong, Luda in Liaoning, Beihai in Guangxi, Lufeng in Guangdong and Lianyungang in Jiangsu. Mainly based on the themes of flowers and birds, figures, landscapes, still lifes, etc., they are pearlescent, simple and elegant, and have distinct decorative and ornamental qualities. It means wealth and good luck. Huge murals and large screens suitable for decoration in large hotels, conference halls and other halls are rich in artistic charm and can highlight the elegance and rich cultural atmosphere of the hall; shell carving travel series souvenirs, jewelry, three-dimensional ornaments, landscape screens, etc. are easy to carry , or as a souvenir of travel, or as a gift to relatives and friends, and are deeply loved by tourists.