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Lingnan Culture

Guangzhou is a famous cultural city with a long history of more than 2,222 years. It is one of the first batch of famous historical and cultural cities in the country promulgated by the State Council. In the long history, there are many places of interest such as the Tomb of the Nanyue King, Guangxiao Temple, Zhenhai Tower, Liurong Temple, Nanhai Temple, Five Immortals Temple, Huaisheng Temple, Chen Family Ancestral Hall, Sacred Heart Hall, Sanyuan Palace, etc. They are all witnesses of the famous historical and cultural city of Guangzhou. Guangzhou integrates the essence of Chinese and foreign cultures to form a unique Lingnan culture. Lingnan School of Painting, Lingnan Architecture, Lingnan Gardens, Lingnan Bonsai, Cantonese Music, Cantonese Opera, Cantonese Cuisine, Cantonese, urban landscapes, life customs, etc. all reflect the style of Lingnan culture.

Tea-drinking culture

“Tea-drinking in Guangdong will never be forgotten.” Guangzhou people love drinking tea, especially morning tea. When we meet in the morning, most greetings in other places are "Have you eaten?", but people in Guangzhou often say "Have you had tea?" (Have you had tea?). What Guangzhou people call tea drinking actually refers to going to a teahouse, not only drinking tea, but also eating snacks, one cup or two, and enjoying yourself; drinking not only morning tea, but also afternoon tea and night tea; not only filling When you are full, you can also spread news, talk about friendship, and discuss business. It can be seen that drinking tea has transcended the category of simple "tea" in a certain sense and has become a way of social communication. Drinking tea constitutes a distinctive feature of Lingnan culture that distinguishes it from other cultures. The time-honored teahouses in Guangzhou include: Taotaoju, Luyuju, Panxiangju, Nanyuan, Beiyuan, Panxi, Datong, Huiru, Sanru, Duoru, Qiaoxin, Dexin, Zhengxin, Fulaiju, Xihua Ju, Meizhenju, etc.

Flower Street

Guangzhou is also called the Flower City, and Guangzhou people love flowers. Rich people who spend thousands or even thousands of dollars a pot of imported flowers will also buy several pots of them. Ordinary families also have to offer a pot of kumquats and a few daffodils every year. On New Year's Eve, it is a tradition for families to walk along the flower street, and it is also a highlight for Guangzhou citizens. Xinghua Street is the Spring Festival Flower Market, which starts 3 or 4 days before the New Year and ends with the climax on New Year's Eve. Every year the city government makes great efforts to decorate it. After the flower market opens, when the lanterns first come on (traffic control is implemented), people walking on the flower street will come one after another. After 8 or 9 o'clock, there will be a huge crowd of people, bustling and bustling. Xinghua Street is noisy and crowded, and bumps and bumps are inevitable, but people are all polite, extremely humble and tolerant, and their faces are full of smiles and joy. Generally, there are mostly people from other provinces in the first few days, because most of them want to watch the CCTV New Year Gala. After visiting the flower market on New Year's Eve, I often go to enjoy the night tea. The flowers at the flower market are full of beauty and variety. Among the imported products are European lavender, Thai palms, Dutch tulips, Nordic roses, South American five generations, and Belgian rhododendrons. etc.; domestic varieties include Phnom Penh Daphne from Jiangxi, Clivia from Jilin, Peony from Luoyang, Narcissus from Zhangzhou, etc. As the name suggests, Xinghua Street is mainly for shopping and appreciation. When buying, you must buy a little, more or less, to show good luck. Therefore, when couples go to the flower market, they only buy one or two roses, silver willows, and lilies at most; while families mostly choose traditional local kumquats, lucky bamboos, peach blossoms, money trees, and lucky ones. Guangzhou people believe that although exotic flowers are beautiful, most of them have no special symbolic meaning and cannot satisfy the New Year's wishes for "peace" and "wealth." Walking along Flower Street is to absorb the fragrance of flowers and squeeze out bad luck, so that the coming year will be smooth, happy and peaceful.

Miss Xiguan and Young Master Dongshan

Xiguan is outside the west gate of old Guangzhou City, and Dongshan is outside the east gate. They are far away from each other. Historically, there are obvious differences in the cultural characteristics formed in the two places. Xiguan is a low-lying, water-filled country with gushing rivers and a dense population, making it a prosperous downtown area. Dongshan, on the other hand, is higher and has a vast area and sparsely populated areas. In the early 20th century, American Christianity selected Dongshan as its missionary base. The elegant living environment created by the church attracted a large number of returned overseas Chinese to settle in their homes. Since then, the desolate Dongshan has become increasingly noisy and has become a residential area with clusters of high-end buildings.

There is a proverb in Guangzhou, "Young Master Dongshan, Miss Xiguan", which means: Dongshan is a gathering place for prominent officials, and most of the people who come and go are the children of officials. Dongshan Western-style Villas are imitation Western villas built by some overseas Chinese and military and political bureaucrats in the early years of the Republic of China in Xinhepu, Xiguyuan Road, Dongshan, Guangzhou, attracting dignitaries to live there. This is where "Young Master Dongshan" comes from; and Xiguan is a prosperous commercial area, and a young lady from a wealthy businessman's family is full of flowers and butterflies. The girls here are authentic ladies. They have slender figures, soft Cantonese, are well-educated, some can do some crafts, respect their elders, and possess traditional Chinese virtues. The garden-style house and the Xiguan mansion, power and wealth, modernity and tradition, are divided into east and west and complement each other.

Commercial "Arcade Building"

After the Opium War in 1840, the development of modern architecture in Guangzhou went through several stages such as the immigration of Western architecture, the revival of traditional architecture, and the introduction of modernist architecture. .

Western architecture has the following types in Guangzhou, such as the Catholic Sacred Heart Church (Stone Chamber) and other religious buildings; such as the Guangzhou Postal Administration Building, the Guangdong Customs Building, the Municipal Government Building, the Provincial Department of Finance Building, and the Provincial Federation of Trade Unions Building. Residential buildings such as Xiguan House, Bamboo House, Dongshan Garden House and Small Western-style Building; Memorial buildings such as Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall and Sailor's Pavilion; and Aiqun Building and Nanfang Building , Municipal Bank Building, Provincial Bank Building, New Asia Hotel and commercial arcade buildings throughout the main commercial streets (arcade commercial streets) in Guangzhou.

In fact, commercial arcade buildings were first seen in ancient Greece more than 2,000 years ago. Later they became popular in Europe and spread to all parts of the world in modern times. This is all because the "arcade" part of commercial buildings is built across the sidewalk in the front half of the building, and is connected to each other on the side of the road to form a free walking corridor, which can be several hundred meters or even more than one or two kilometers long. There is a saying in Guangzhou that "Mayday, child-like face, changes at any time", so "arcade building" is suitable for this climate characteristics, and it became popular throughout Guangzhou city for a while, and gradually formed the main pattern of Guangzhou's street scene. ""Arcade" buildings are concentrated in commercial streets such as Shifu Road, Shangxiajiu Road, Zhongshan Road, Jiefang Road, Renmin South Road, and Yide Road. The "arcade" buildings in the West Haokou area are the most impressive: Xinya Hotel, Nanfang Building, Aiqun Building, etc. are the outstanding examples of the early "arcade" buildings in Guangzhou. After the 1960s, new commercial blocks in Guangzhou have rarely adopted this form.

Xiguan Ancient House< /p>

Xiguan is what old Guangzhou people call the area in Liwan District in the city center starting from West Village in the north, Pearl River in the south, Renmin Road in the east, and Xiaobeijiang in the west. In ancient times, it was located outside the west gate of Guangzhou City. There are many typical traditional old houses in this area, known as "Xiguan Ancient Houses". These old houses were mostly the residences of wealthy businessmen. They are tall and bright, with well-organized halls and exquisite decorations. There is a Qingyun Lane on both sides of the big house. In other words, this kind of alley is also called cold alley, fire alley, water volume, etc., and has the functions of ventilation, fire protection, drainage, lighting, drying, transportation, planting flowers and trees, etc. The number of existing ancient houses in Xiguan has increased from 800 in its heyday in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. Many houses have been reduced to less than 100. Among them, the big house at No. 15 Fuzheng Street, Shisan, is more worth visiting.