How to develop tourist attractions reasonably

How to develop tourist attractions reasonably

The main problem of tourism resources development: limited resources are facing the pressure of rapid market expansion. Repeated construction and blind extensive development aggravate the imbalance between supply and demand of resources; The development of resources has shifted from human landscape resources to natural ecological resources, and the protection and development of resources have become a pair of thorny contradictions; Urban construction and tourism development also lead to the waste of non-renewable cultural and ecological resources because of "two skins"; The rapid growth of tourism economy coexists with the rigid and outdated system, and the development mechanism needs to be transformed and the management level needs to be improved. Based on these problems, this paper takes Zhuhai as an example to explore the correct way to develop, protect and utilize tourism resources reasonably.

First, the principles of tourism resources development and scenic spot layout

As the only national scenic tourist area named after the whole city, Zhuhai is developing tourism resources, that is, expanding the capacity of tourism environment. In this regard, how to determine the direction, content, level and depth of expansion, so as to enhance both connotation and extension? What problems should be paid attention to in the process of capacity expansion? In my opinion, the following principles should be followed:

(1) Characteristic principle. The characteristic is the difference. The distinctive feature is the vitality of tourism resources. Only when there are characteristics can there be attention. Tourism economy itself is attention economy, so we should pay attention to the differences between tourist attractions and reflect the unique characteristics. The essence of developing and utilizing tourism resources is to discover, explore and utilize the characteristics of tourism resources. The developed tourism resources should not only maintain their original characteristics, but also make them more distinctive, innovative and exploitable, and absolutely avoid the original characteristics being destroyed by the developed tourism resources.

(2) Principle * * *. It is this tourism project that comes into being with another tourism project. Tourism projects are projects with strong externalities, which can be divided into positive externalities and negative externalities. The so-called positive externality means that tourism projects are compatible, complementary and coordinated. After seeing this scenic spot, I have the desire to go to another scenic spot. The so-called negative externality means that tourism projects are similar, not cooperative. * * * The nature of tourism resources includes natural resources and natural resources, natural resources and cultural resources, cultural resources and cultural resources. Different tourism projects have different birth phenomena. For example, exhibition halls, hotels, shopping malls, transportation facilities, natural attractions, and man-made attractions all interact with each other. Therefore, we should pay attention to the coordination of various tourist attractions in a small area.

(3) networking principle. Tourism is an expanded network and a natural network. In the development of Zhuhai's tourism industry, we often emphasize the concept of the Greater Pearl River Delta, and give full play to the advantages of tourism resources of cities in the Pearl River Delta. In fact, if a place has unique tourist attractions, even if it is stopped, tourists will try their best to visit it and try their best to solve the problems such as poor roads and inconvenient accommodation. The key question now is whether our tourist attractions have formed bright spots, whether they have formed a network, and whether the tourist attractions in various places have produced complementary effects in a large area. According to the actual situation of Zhuhai tourism, there are the following three networks.

The first is the small network, that is, the large expansion of tourist attractions in the central city. It is necessary to consider the * * * nature between scenic spots, emphasize the excavation of connotation, including the implementation of tourism development in the western and eastern parts of the city, and focus on the development and construction of cultural tourism scenic spots in Tangjiawan ancient villages and towns (including the original Tangjia ancient town, * * * Paradise, Qi 'ao Baishi Street, Jinding Huitong Village, etc.). ). Zhuhai international racing, Pearl Paradise and other tourism resources also need to be integrated), modern education, science and technology cultural tourism scenic spots (including university park, southern software park, science and technology innovation coast, etc. ), Nanwan Tourism New Area (including industrial tour of Nanping Science and Technology Industrial Park, Yang's Grand Ancestral Hall in Beishan, Wan Chai Flower Park, shopping tour of seafood dry goods market, etc. ), as well as Hengqin characteristic tourist area.

Followed by the network. That is, "two districts and one island", that is, the tourism development of Doumen District, Jinwan District and Dongdao. Baiteng Lake Tourist Area in Doumen District has matured; Imperial hot springs are also famous at home and abroad; Huangyangshan-Jintai Temple tourist area is being improved; Eco-agricultural tourism needs further development and excavation. Although Jinwan District has not been established for a long time, the development of tourism has also shown a good momentum. Amazon tropical garden has made a good start; Pingsha Hot Spring is magnificent because of the capital injection from CTS. Feitan has gradually become a tourist crossing the river like a crucian carp; The 30-kilometer-long Zhugang Avenue will not only be connected in series with new industrial parks, but also with new tourist areas ... But at present, the arrangement of tourist routes in Daxi District is still one-way, and there is no loop. The "U" structure composed of Zhugang Avenue, Hu Xin Road and Huang Yang Avenue is changed into an "O" structure, so that a small closed loop is formed between them, and landscapes such as lakes, mountains, temples, hot springs, ports and beaches are connected in series with human landscapes and urban landscapes, and then radiated outward. Island development in the eastern region needs to be strengthened. Judging from the currently developed Dong 'ao Island, Guishan Island, Wanshan Island and Wailingding Island, problems such as insufficient infrastructure, water and electricity supply, traffic and pollution need to be solved, tourism project development needs to be explored, and animal and plant resources protection needs to be strengthened. In particular, it is necessary to take the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge as an opportunity to strengthen cooperation with Hong Kong and Macao, and form a characteristic tourist loop in the Pearl River Estuary.

The third is the big network, which is the connection of tourism resources in the whole Greater Pearl River Delta. We should make maximum use of other people's resources to make up for our own shortcomings, and integrate local resources with foreign resources to learn from each other's strengths. The tourism resources of Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Zhuhai and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao can be completely integrated. The Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Zhuhai Food Tour launched at the beginning of this year is a good start.

In view of the above, it is very important to build our own core scenic spots in order to realize the characteristics, naturalization and networking of tourist attractions. But at present, many of our tourist attractions have the problem of low-level redundant construction. The key lies in the idea, design concept and development subject of scenic area expansion. From the design concept, the development of natural resources not only requires uniqueness, but also emphasizes the cultural connotation of resource development. As the saying goes, the mountain is not high, and the fairy is not famous; The water is not deep, and the dragon is the spirit. The same is true of scenic spots. The scenery is not big, it will be brilliant with cultural connotation, and it will be prosperous with national and local characteristics. Small-scale development of natural scenic spots without culture will lose its connotation and will not make people linger. The low level of construction of some tourist attractions is mainly manifested in this respect. As far as cultural landscape is concerned, theme parks are the easiest to repeat. Why is the development level too low and the complementarity is not strong? The key is that the cultural archetypes of many theme parks are wrong. Historical culture, religious culture, national culture and fantasy culture (amusement parks) are all complementary, some are extended, some are transformed and some are compared. If the relationship between the two is not handled well, the scenic spot planning will be difficult to implement.

Second, the development and protection mode of tourism resources

Another expansion direction of Zhuhai tourist attractions should be from the city to the countryside, which is in line with the general trend of human beings returning to nature. In this process, we should vigorously develop eco-tourism and handle the relationship between the development and protection of natural resources. There are four modes to deal with this relationship; Three problems should be paid attention to in developing eco-tourism.

(A) the mode choice of tourism resources development and protection

1, protect for protection. This is negative and has been denied by practice. Protecting for the sake of protection is the responsibility of the cultural relics department, not the purpose of local governments, especially the purpose of tourism.

2. Develop for the sake of development. This is blind, and it is the consciousness of small farmers. Just as farmers raise pigs in water towns and fish in rivers, they raise and sell them for their own interests, but they ignore the pollution caused to water bodies. In other places, areas with very good landscapes are turned into cemeteries, and as long as they can sell for a little money, environmental benefits and sustainable development are completely ignored. In fact, they destroy the cornucopia to beg.

3. Develop for protection. If this landscape is unique, unique and non-renewable, it must be developed through protection. There are both marshes and incomplete wetlands in Baiteng Lake area, which is characterized by the combination of natural ponds and artificial ponds. It is very rare for Zhuhai to have such a piece of land. Here, human landscape and natural landscape, ecological benefits and economic benefits can be completely unified, which is difficult to find a second one in the whole city of China. The landscape of Baiteng Lake Water Town is unique, unique and non-renewable. If it is destroyed, it can't be recovered. For this kind of tourism resources, it cannot be monopolized by one enterprise, but must be monopolized by the government. Under the guidance of high starting point planning, the development is carried out in stages with enterprises as the main body.

The main body of tourism resources development can be divided into three categories: first, the development is entirely based on enterprises. Second, the government and enterprises conduct monopolistic development. Like Venice, the roads and bridges in Baiteng Lake Town will be built by enterprises as the main body. The right to operate small cruise ships is monopolized by the government and auctioned to enterprises. Third, it is completely developed by the government. Such as the renovation of ancient villages in urban areas and the protection of water bodies. Important tourism resources should adopt the latter two development modes.

4. Protect for development. For example, the stone carvings of Xi Shi and the cliffs of Gaolan Island can only be protected through development. You can choose to develop with enterprises as the main body under the premise of strict government planning. After some projects are planned, the 30-year management right of the project can be auctioned publicly, and the state-owned assets can be maximized, and it is a one-time income. The development and management rights of the above-mentioned stone carvings and islands in the East District can be sold at a high price if they are auctioned publicly, and then the owners will invite investment by themselves and carefully plan the development. This is the government's monopoly on the ownership of the project, and the management right is liberalized.

When the project management right is auctioned publicly, two goals should be set: who has the most development ability and who designs the best development plan. The first tender is evaluated by auction, and the second tender is evaluated by the expert group. Unify these two goals and finally determine the development unit.

If we protect for the sake of development, we must stop developing "stone economy", "sediment economy", alpine vegetables and wood processing, and turn lush hills into chronic diseases, which is extremely destructive to natural resources. These low-level and destructive developments must be stopped and structural adjustments made.