The development history of the Palace Museum

It was first built in 1625 during the Nurhaci period and completed in 1636 during the Huang Taiji period. Later, it was continuously renovated and added by Emperors Kangxi and Qianlong, forming today's ** *There are more than 100 palaces, pavilions, pavilions, restaurants and other buildings, and more than 500 houses, covering an area of ??60,000 square meters. This is the first majestic imperial palace complex built by the Qing Dynasty. Its rich and colorful Manchu ethnic style and local characteristics of Northeast China are unmatched by the Forbidden City of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Beijing.

As an example of the perfect integration of Manchu and Chinese architectural arts, the Shenyang Forbidden City is not only China's most famous historical monument and tourist attraction, but also a well-deserved outstanding world cultural heritage. The establishment of the Shenyang Forbidden City has a magnificent and magnificent historical background. From the end of the 16th century to the beginning of the 17th century, the Jianzhou Jurchens, who originated in the Changbai Mountains of Northeast China, completed the unification of the Jurchens after thirty-six years of conquest under the leadership of a passionate legendary hero, Nurhaci. great cause. In the war to unify the Jurchens in Jianzhou, Jurchens in Haixi, and Jurchens in East China Sea, Nurhaci created the Eight Banners system based on the Jurchens' original hunting organization Niu Lu, which stipulated that every three hundred people should have one Niu Lu Ezhen. (Assistant Ling), the Five Niu Lu set up one Jia La Ezhen (Shenzhen Ling), the five Jia La set up one Gushan Ezhen (Dutong), which is a flag, with yellow, white and red colors. , pure blue, bordered with yellow, bordered with white, bordered with red, bordered with blue eight flags. All the people join the banner, use the flag to rule the army and use the flag to rule the people, integrating the military, politics, economy, administration, justice, etc. of Jurchen society, turning the formerly scattered Jurchen ministries into a well-organized and vibrant social organism. All preparations have been made for the new national unity, the Manchus, to enter the stage of history. In 1615, Nurhachi established the Great Jin Kingdom (historically known as Houjin) in Hetuala, claiming to be the nurturing wise khan of all nations. After many great victories such as the Battle of Saarhu, the Battle of Kai (Yuan) Tieling, the Battle of Shen (Yang), Liao (Yang), and the Battle of Guangning, the Jin Kingdom became increasingly powerful and its capital was moved several times.

In 1625, out of strategic considerations, Nurhaci designated Shenyang as the capital, and built the Dazheng Hall and the Ten King Pavilions, the places where political affairs were discussed, in the center of the old city of Shenyang. The beginning of the Forbidden City. Nurhachi passed away in 1626. His fourth son, Huang Taiji, born to Empress Xiaocigao, inherited the throne and continued to build the Qing Gate, Chongzheng Hall, Phoenix Tower, Qingning Palace, Linzhi Palace, and Guanzhi Palace. The inner palace consists of Jugong Palace, Yanqing Palace and Yongfu Palace. It was in this palace that Huang Taiji changed the name of the Jurchens to the Manchus. In 1636, he changed the name of the country to "Qing" and officially determined the name of the palace.

Up to the time of Huang Taiji’s death, the Shengjing Palace had always been the political, military, economic and cultural center of the Qing Dynasty, despite the vicissitudes of time and changes. In 1643, Fulin, the ninth son born to Huang Taiji and Concubine Zhuang, ascended the throne and became Emperor Shunzhi. At this time, the Qing Dynasty was strong enough to compete with the Ming Dynasty and compete in the world. In 1644, the Eight Banners Army marched across the country and captured Beijing in one fell swoop and established the Qing Dynasty's rule over the entire country.

After the Qing Dynasty moved the capital to the Customs, the Shengjing Palace became the "Palace of the Accompanying Capital". Due to its lofty status as a palace and a sacred site of the founding emperor's "Longxing Land", it received special attention from the emperors of the Qing Dynasty. During the 150 years from 1671 to 1829, the emperors Kangxi, Qianlong, Jiaqing, and Daoguang visited their hometowns eastward ten times. While paying homage to their ancestors’ tombs, they also paid homage to the former emperor’s used materials. The sacred relics and relics of the old palace express one's admiration for the merits of the ancestors' founding and entrepreneurship.

Therefore, in order to provide accommodation for the emperor and his concubines who visited Shengjing in the east, Emperor Qianlong renovated and expanded the Shengjing Palace many times, forming the characteristic that the former emperor’s old palace and the emperor’s palace coexisted; The addition of the West Road building gave the Shenyang Forbidden City a new axially symmetrical layout of the East, Middle and West Road buildings. Not only that, Emperor Qianlong also continuously transported a vast array of royal treasures from Beijing and stored them here to show that he "does not forget the roots", making the Shenyang Forbidden City one of the three most famous royal cultural relics of the Qing Dynasty, along with the Beijing Palace Garden and the Rehe Palace. One of the treasure troves.