Quality identification of shoes

To identify the quality of shoes, we need to focus on the appearance and internal indicators. Because the internal indicators often need the help of testing instruments, it is more practical for a consumer to identify the quality of shoes from the appearance. From the appearance, we can identify the quality of shoes mainly through the quality and workmanship of materials (including uppers, soles and shoes). The size can be measured, and the technology is mainly visual inspection, touch, pinch and push.

1. Upper (upper)

Upper is one of the main components of shoes. For smooth shoes, it depends on whether they are soft and plump, and whether there is loose surface after the upper is pressed by hand. A good upper should be plump and soft, comfortable to the touch, with uniform luster and no loose surface phenomenon. For the uppers of suede leather shoes, we should pay attention to check whether the fluff is short and uniform, and its color tone should be consistent. Shoe lining is a part of the upper, which is used to reinforce the upper, prevent the upper from extending and deforming and improve the foot feel. Therefore, good shoe lining materials (such as real leather shoes) should have good touch, breathability and moisture removal, and are not easy to decolorize. In sewing, there should be no wrinkles and fat edges in the shoes.

2. Insole

The back half pad or heel pad of insole is usually used for men's shoes. Full pad covering insole for women's shoes. Insole has the function of keeping the insole clean and covering the unevenness of the insole to improve the foot feeling. Therefore, insoles should have good moisture absorption and drainage. In workmanship, the insole should be adhered to the insole flat, and there should be no hanging folds.

3. Outsole

From the appearance, the combination state of the periphery of the outsole should be closely adhered without gaps, and the bottom surface should be flat.

4. Heel

Whether it is low-heeled or high-heeled, the first thing to look at is whether it is naturally flush with the shoes. For women's shoes with half-high heels or above, the following two points are more important: First, the heels should be firmly installed on the insole. Swing back and forth, left and right should not be shaken; Second, the palm surface should not be less than the bottom surface of the heel.

5. Insole

On the one hand, the material of the insole is leather. On the other hand, it is better to press the waist file strongly by hand, which is equivalent to the instep part when wearing shoes. Under the action of this force, if the edge of the shoe is deformed, it shows that the quality of the shoe is problematic.

6. Stability

Put the shoes on a flat surface, and the shoes should immediately stand still. Such shoes have good stability, which is also one of the basic conditions for high-quality shoes. After more than 3 years of extensive and rapid development, China's footwear industry has accumulated a lot of experience, and has entered the industrial transformation period in 212. For example, in the face of the shrinking international market and the anti-dumping and other trade protection measures from major market countries, the shoe industry in China is under great downward pressure. While large-scale enterprises appear, a number of small enterprises close down.

As early as a few years ago, due to rising labor costs, raw materials and exchange rate fluctuations, many shoe enterprises moved their production bases to Southeast Asia. With the full launch of China-ASEAN Free Trade Area, the footwear industry in Vietnam, India, Pakistan and other places has developed rapidly, which has further restricted China's footwear industry. From January to November 21, the output value of Vietnamese sports shoes increased by 2.2% year-on-year, and the output value of leather shoes enterprises above designated size increased by 23.4% year-on-year, which posed a great potential threat to China's footwear industry.

The shoe-making enterprises in China are still very strong. After nearly 2 years of development, China's footwear industry has established a perfect upstream and downstream industrial chain, formed an industrial cluster of various footwear production, established a perfect market for finished footwear products and shoes materials, and established a research and development center and information center for footwear.

Although China's footwear industry is now facing the influence of domestic policy factors and rising labor costs, as well as the competition from Indian, Brazilian, Vietnamese, Indonesian and other countries in middle and low-grade footwear, and the competition from Italian, Spanish, Portuguese and other countries in high-grade footwear, the comprehensive competitive advantage of China's footwear industry is still unmatched by other countries. Shoes < Name >

(audio and video. The word from leather, from Gui, Gui also sounds. "Gui" originally refers to "Tugui" and "Guibiao", the standard timer of the ancient central government. It refers to "Central Plains" and "Pinglu". "Leather" refers to leather. "Leather" and "Gui" are combined to represent "leather products on the feet of people in the Central Plains". Original meaning: China people wear leather products on their feet.

dysprosium, leather gives birth to cymbals. From the sound of ge Xi. Hu Jiaqie. -Shuo Wen. Words are also used as shoes.

The ancient people used grass as a shoe, and leather as a shoe. Ma Zhou began to use hemp as a shoe in the later Tang Dynasty. -"Talking about cymbals" quoted Tang and kept "Things Begins Shoes".

another example: shoe fan (upper); Shoes and feet (a gift given by a concubine when she first met her eldest wife: needlework done by herself; Also refers to shoes and socks); Footwear money (money for running errands); Rain boots; Leather shoes; Cloth shoes; Shoe pin (wooden shoe type used when making shoes).

shoes (dysprosium) xié shoes. What you wear on your feet is easy to walk: leather. Wear a bullet. Mainly include eyelets (rings, brazing), shoelaces, rubber cloth, velcro, zippers, silk, cotton, hemp stitches (ropes), nails, rivets, non-woven fabrics, cardboard, leather for inner head and main heel, various decorations, supports, adhesives, and paste.

there are many ways to classify shoes.

① According to the wearing objects, there are shoes for men, women, children and the elderly.

② According to the season, there are single, clip, cotton and cool shoes.

③ According to materials, there are leather shoes, cloth shoes, rubber shoes and plastic shoes.

④ According to the process, there are shoes such as sewing, injection molding, glue injection, molding, vulcanization, cold bonding, sewing, plastic lining, assembly and foaming.

⑤. According to styles, the head types include square head, Fiona Fang head, round head, pointed round head and pointed head; Heel types include flat heel, semi-high heel, high heel and wedge heel; The uppers are high, low, middle and high.

⑥. According to the purpose, there are daily shoes, labor protection shoes, sports shoes, travel shoes and heel shoes.

⑦. According to physical properties, it can be divided into insulated shoes, antistatic shoes and conductive shoes.

⑧ According to the structure, it can be divided into perforated breathable shoes, solid shoes and warm shoes.

shoes that can play a protective role in special occasions. Such as steel shoes, the upper is generally made of cowhide, the sole is mostly made of cowhide or tires, and the front of the shoes is lined with steel buns; Electrical shoes, generally rubber soles with good electrical insulation; Miners' boots and paddy field boots (also known as paddy field socks) are generally high boots made of rubber. The soles of the boots are thicker than ordinary rain boots and can be waterproof. Paddy boots and pants.

High-heeled shoes refer to shoes with extremely high heels, which will make the heels of people wearing these shoes obviously higher than their toes.

There are many different styles of high-heeled shoes, especially in the changes of heels, such as thin heels, thick heels, wedge heels, nail heels, hammer heels and knife heels. In addition to increasing the height, high-heeled shoes can enhance the attractiveness. High-heeled shoes reduce a woman's stride length, because the center of gravity moves backward, the legs are correspondingly straight, and the hips contract and the chest stands forward, which makes a woman's standing posture and walking posture full of charm, and charm and charm emerge as the times require.

Because of its extremely simple structure, sandals are the earliest articles on foot in human history, which evolved from the original package. Sandals have appeared in ancient civilizations, and their appearance structure seems to be: a strap or rope tied to a solid sole. As early as 35 BC, the Egyptians left their footprints on the wet sand, woven soles with straw ropes to match the size of their feet, and fixed them on their feet with rawhide belts. These sandals are very practical. Wearing them can protect the soles of feet from the damage of dry and rough ground. The disadvantage is that the soles of feet are exposed in the daytime. Clever Egyptian women decorate them with jewels to protect them from the sun and beautify their image.

The human body is the most common source of electrostatic hazards. The simplest way to eliminate human static electricity is to take grounding measures to human body. Wearing anti-static shoes and using anti-static floors (anti-static mats, carpets, etc.) and anti-static socks and anti-static insoles can lead static electricity from the human body to the earth, thus eliminating human static electricity. It is suitable for being widely used in dust-free workshops.

There are hiking boots, gymnastics shoes, track and field shoes and all kinds of sneakers. Except for the basket and volleyball shoes, the vamp should be made of canvas, and the rest are made of soft leather, canvas and nylon cloth. Soft leather covers are added to the head, middle waist and heel of shoes to increase the strength of the upper. The soles are mostly made of rubber to increase elasticity. The mouth of the shoe is equipped with a composite foam material to protect the ankle. The soles of football shoes and football shoes are equipped with plastic or rubber studs, which can be worn in soft or hard fields. Because volleyball shoes bear the impact of frequent jumping, there is a cushioning midsole between the inner and outer soles; One side of the outsole on the ground has a ridge pattern to enhance its friction braking force; The bottom edge has a prominent ridge line, which has a good supporting effect. Skating shoes and ski shoes are mostly made of leather. Roller skates are equipped with wheels at the bottom and can slide on land.

Casual shoes are a kind of shoes, the main feature of which is to meet the needs of people's daily life with a simple and comfortable design concept. The concept, connotation and function of casual shoes are closely related to this new ideal and way of life. People use the shape, brand and connotation of casual shoes to decorate themselves and show themselves, from which they get an aesthetic pleasure and symbolic spiritual satisfaction.

It is named because it is suitable for hiking. Features are light, soft and fit. The uppers are mostly made of leather or textiles, or they can be used together; There are reinforced leather panels on the front and back of the upper, and decorative strips are embedded in the upper; The sole is light, wearable and anti-slip. Travel shoes can be produced by various processes, generally with low-grade and high-grade shoes, and there are various styles.

Negative heel shoes are a kind of rehabilitation products in orthopedic shoes. As the name implies, the height of the heel is negative, that is, the sole is high at the front and low at the back, which is used to force the body's center of gravity to move backward and correct posture. Common brands of heel shoes are: ground shoes, slimming and fitness shoes, and fitness training shoes.

Vulcanized shoes are named after the manufacturing process: the vulcanization method in which the soles and uppers are connected by adding sulfur (in the process of making shoes, the shoes are steamed in a high-temperature vulcanizing cylinder for a period of time) and then taken out to make shoes.

Canvas shoes stand out among vulcanized shoes and become fashionable shoes beyond the concept of vulcanized shoes. Canvas shoes carry more cultural and fashionable connotations.

fashion elements of canvas shoes

"Bad kids love to wear canvas shoes". Canvas shoes can take people to the "symbol" of the future. Canvas shoes are a "weapon" full of spiritual energy and give you offensive tension. Canvas shoes with rubber soles are a "medium" that can help you find your friends. These contents are not only the embodiment of cultural tension, but also canvas shoes have become an extended symbol of lifestyle.

"I believe we have caught up with the best times. The best time to wear canvas shoes, because the reality is so confusing; The best country to wear canvas shoes, because it is changing rapidly; A city with the best canvas shoes, because we have enough dust, it quickly makes your shoes no longer brand-new, but it exudes a youthful and fresh taste. "

canvas shoes are popular with people because of their lightness, durability and low price. Nowadays, there are so many canvas shoes with various styles, brands and different price points on the market that many buyers are at a loss when choosing them.

canvas shoes are light to wear, and they are the best choice for traveling or doing sports. It is a wonderful enjoyment to wear a pair of lively, playful and colorful canvas casual shoes and walk easily in the natural environment surrounded by fragrant grains and red maple leaves. For fashion people, there are many choices of canvas shoes this season.

It has a long history in China, from the earliest canvas shoes and liberation rubber shoes to today's mini painted canvas shoes, sports leisure canvas shoes and high canvas shoes. The technology is quite mature. The output is also very large. China produces more than half of the world's canvas shoes every year.

Shopping skills for canvas shoes

It is best to choose the products of regular manufacturers or professional manufacturers when shopping for canvas shoes. Such manufacturers pay more attention to reputation, good technology and relatively good materials. On the packaged shoe box, regular manufacturers generally indicate the size, color, materials used in production, telephone number of the manufacturer and its quality standard, and the packaging box is also very beautiful.

when choosing canvas shoes, look at the vamp first. As the name implies, the vamp is generally made of canvas. When purchasing, it depends on whether the radian of the upper is normal, whether the two shoes are lined, whether there is color difference, and whether the stitches at different parts of the upper are even and tidy. There is no broken line or needle jumping. Whether the colors are consistent. See whether the shoe body and sole are vertical, whether the shoelace hole is skewed and whether it is symmetrical from left to right from the heel. See whether the patterns and characters printed on the vamp are clear and whether the decorative icons pasted or stitched are firm.

furthermore, check the soles, which generally adopt rubber outsole. Such soles require wear resistance, slip resistance and lightness. Therefore, when purchasing, it is necessary to see whether the anti-skid stripes on the soles are clear, whether there are glue dropping defects, whether the stripes are evenly spaced, whether the soles of the same material are consistent in color, and whether there are pores or blisters.

finally, check the insole. the insole should be soft when touched by hand, and the printed trademark with certain elasticity should be clear. Look at the rubber bonding parts. See if there are small glue spots and bubbles. Put two shoes on the ground for comparison. Check whether the color, pattern, height and bottom, length and width of each part are consistent.

In the Neolithic Age (about 1, years ago-about 4, years ago), the ancestors of China woven grass, hemp and kudzu into shoes. There are many names for shoes, such as shoes, shoes and shoes. Among them, acenaphthene is the most distinguished.

There are three kinds of ancient shoes: kudzu, cloth and leather. Cloth shoes refer to shoes made of hemp silk, silk, silk, brocade and other fabric shoes.

In the Han Dynasty (26 BC-23 AD), the toe of cloth and silk shoes was mostly forked, and the bottom was woven with hemp thread, which was called double-pointed square shoes. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties (AD 22-AD 316), the front end of ordinary shoes was woven with double animal patterns, with harmonious color matching and beautiful shoes. In the Northern Qi Dynasty (55-577 AD), it was popular to wear shoes from the emperor to the people. The shoes with wooden teeth were made up of three parts: flat, tied and toothed.

in the song dynasty (96-1297), men wore leather shoes with small heads, while women wore shoes with round heads, flat heads or upturned heads, which were also decorated with various flower and bird patterns.

In the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), men's shoes were mostly thick and varied in material styles. Generally, diamond-patterned shoes were worn in the north, and brown Ma Xie was found in the south of the Yangtze River. In addition, women's cloth shoes with high toe and flat soles were popular in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties. It makes people look particularly slender.

in the Qing dynasty (1644-1911), men's shoes were mainly pointed shoes, and their materials were satin in summer and autumn and cashmere in winter. It can be divided into thick bottom and thin bottom, with single beam or double beam on the surface, tattooed upper or curled head on the toe; Women's shoes in the Qing Dynasty are quite distinctive. The soles are mostly made of wood, ranging from one inch to five inches high. The bottom shape is wide at the top and round at the bottom, which is called horseshoe bottom. The upper of this shoe is often made of silk and satin, with colorful embroidery on it. Some aristocratic women also embed various jewels on the upper. Older women wear wooden flat shoes.

There are different opinions about the origin of high-heeled shoes, and some people say that high-heeled shoes originated in China. There were high-heeled clogs in the Six Dynasties. In ancient times, Manchu women wore flag shoes, some of which were as high as five inches in the center of the heel.

During the Southern and Northern Dynasties (42-581 AD), boots were widely popular in the north and spread to the south of the Yangtze River. In the Tang Dynasty (AD 618-AD 97), boots were officially in Xian Yi; Women's boots appeared in the Song Dynasty (96-1297). Yuan dynasty (1279-1368)