Through the difficulties in the Tang Dynasty, can we see how troublesome it was for ancient people to travel far away?

Traveling far away is a kind of emotional appeal for modern people, because when traveling far away, you can not only feel the harmony and elegance of mountain flowers to sea trees, but also realize the vastness of the sun to the sky. Wang Guozhen, a contemporary poet, wrote in "Love Life": "Since you have chosen a distant place, you only care about hardships".

Under the call of poetry and distance, modern people are eager to have a trip that says go. Because not only can you not relax during the trip, but you are also likely to encounter an affair. The long journey that most people expect is related to getting rid of the fetters of the world and looking for the pure land of the soul, which is quite similar to the hermit in Wei and Jin Dynasties.

Although there may be setbacks in the journey, "there is no road longer than feet, and there is no mountain higher than people." The poem "The mountain is high and the road is far" once said: "If you call me from a distance, I will go far away; If the mountain calls me, I will go to the mountain. " The author believes that from this perspective, the long journey of modern people stems from the call of the soul.

However, in the distant ancient society, because the technology of building roads and bridges is relatively backward and there is no modern means of transportation, it is more difficult for people to travel far than to ascend to heaven. Li Bai, a poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, once lamented in the poem "Difficult to Go": "Difficult to go! The journey is very hard and there are many roads. Is it safe now? " .

Don't the "hard-to-walk" ancients leave the city? I believe everyone will be surprised when they know the answer. Foreign officials, soldiers guarding the border, merchants transporting goods, scholars taking exams, traveling poets and people visiting relatives and friends should all embark on the road of the Long March. Even if the mountains are high and the roads are far, the mountains and rivers are wading and the beaches are dangerous, people can't stop their long journey.

Modern people marvel at the way the ancients traveled far away. If perseverance is a kind of spirit, then the ancients are tenacious and loyal practitioners in this matter. Because in ancient society, it really took courage to travel far. The reason for this is that there was no asphalt road in ancient society and there were no roads in many places.

The transportation network extending in all directions in modern society and the cooperation of land, sea and air transportation were simply a dream in ancient society. Because the traffic level in ancient society was very backward, many people living in rural areas never walked out of the mountains. The initiator of this phenomenon is that there is no road in their place of residence.

First, the traffic is inconvenient and isolated.

I believe everyone knows the story of "One Mountain in Gong Yu". There are two mountains in front of the hero Gong Yu's house. They are Taihang Mountain and Wuwangshan Mountain, which are 700 square miles high in Wan Ren. These two mountains not only prevent people from appearing, but also limit the local development speed. The author believes that from this fable, we can know that the ancients did have the problem of "difficult to walk".

Then, under the premise of traffic jams, did the ancients never go out for a lifetime? Don't believe what you say, even in the Tang Dynasty, whether it is urban residents or ordinary people in remote areas. Living in the same place all my life, I don't know the outside world at all.

Tao Yuanming, a famous scholar in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, once wrote in "The Origin of Taoyuan": "Ask what is going on in this world, whether there are Han people or not, regardless of Wei and Jin Dynasties". Although these people who live in Xanadu have great spirit of avoiding the world. But their living habits are actually closely related to the impassability of roads.

The author believes that in that era when going out can only rely on walking and communication can only rely on shouting. It not only limits the communication between people, but also probably delays more urgent information. Under the pressure of this realistic crisis, people finally realize the importance of "building roads before getting rich". However, due to the vast territory and sparse population, the sky is high and the road is far away, and it is simply unrealistic to achieve nationwide access.

Second, it is difficult to travel and the toll is too high.

1. Backward road construction

In the impression of many people, since the invention of airplanes, high-speed trains and ships, the ends of the earth are no longer out of reach. Whether traveling abroad or sightseeing abroad, the time will not exceed 72 hours on the premise of flying. The world seems to have become a huge village, and people no longer need to worry about a long journey.

But in the Tang Dynasty more than 0/000 years ago, traveling was also a headache for ordinary people. Although land and land transportation had appeared at that time, people could travel by horse, boat and sedan chair. However, due to the vast territory, there are few places that can really enter.

Therefore, this not only hinders people's desire to travel, but also directly restricts the economic development of various places. Although the politics, economy and culture of the Tang Dynasty were outstanding in ancient history. However, in terms of traffic construction, it has been in a relatively backward state. Although some big cities have been building roads and bridges, they still can't meet the actual demand.

The travel expenses are too high.

Many people in modern society think that although flying is faster, compared with high-speed rail, the fare is too expensive. The author believes that if we can think from another angle, we will find that while saving time, we are actually saving time for creating wealth.

When people travel in the Tang Dynasty, they will not only encounter the objective environmental constraints of inconvenient transportation, but also consider the travel expenses, which is an expensive expense. It is no exaggeration to say that traveling to a distant place will even cost ordinary people a year's savings. Therefore, under the constraints of these two aspects, the opportunities for people to travel in the Tang Dynasty were greatly restricted.

Let me give you an example here. It is the practice of the Tang Dynasty for provincial officials to report to Beijing. If you are an official in the northeast, you want to go to Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty. According to the calculation of 700- 1000 km, it takes at least 25-35 days to ride a big horse, not counting the time to change horses and stay at the station.

Officials in the Tang Dynasty usually travel by carriage at a speed of 40-50 kilometers a day when they go out. Then it takes at least two pieces of silver to get to Chang 'an, not including accommodation. If you bring a few servants, the cost of this trip to Chang' an will at least double.

As you can imagine, for officials in the Tang Dynasty, a silver or two is already a very expensive expense, so how can ordinary people bear such a high toll? Therefore, many people have never left home all their lives because of economic conditions.

Although according to modern people's thinking, their life has no quality at all, it is already a great happiness for the people in the Tang Dynasty to have enough to eat and wear warm clothes. As for whether to go out of their hometown and see the outside world, it doesn't seem too important to them.

Third, travel, literati interest.

Almost all the literati groups living in the Tang Dynasty have traveled around famous mountains and rivers. It is no exaggeration to say that poets in the Tang Dynasty traveled abroad with their rich family wealth. Both Li Bai and Du Fu had the experience of going abroad, and both said, "God-given talents, let them be hired!"! Your daughter will come back when she leaves. " Li Bai is so free and easy because he is rich and willful.

Du Fu's family was well-off when he was young. The poem Zhuang You is Du Fu's memory of his young life.

"The sex industry is addicted to alcohol and detests evil. If you are young, you will make old friends. See octupole when drinking, vulgar things are boundless. To the east of Gusutai, there is already a floating HNA. "

Imagine, if you are not a rich boy, how can you go to Hainan Airlines by boat!

From this point, we can see that poets in the Tang Dynasty can not only walk abroad, but also enjoy the scenery by boat. In fact, traveling by boat in the Tang Dynasty was not only an elegant thing, but also a symbol of one's financial resources. Of course, this also shows that people in the Tang Dynasty traveled far and could reach their destination by boat.

Not all poets in the Tang Dynasty have enough money to indulge in landscapes every day. So for penniless poets, they can only walk around the beautiful rivers and mountains with their feet. The author believes that this should also be an important beginning of hiking "poor travel" in the history of our country.

Third, the way people travel in the Tang Dynasty.

Although the Tang Dynasty was a prosperous dynasty in ancient history, due to the limitation of productivity, it could not be in line with modern times in many aspects. For example, when people travel far away in the Tang Dynasty, the most worrying issue is not the cost of travel, but what kind of travel mode they should choose. Because the way of social travel was monotonous at that time, it would be time-consuming and laborious once the choice was wrong.

1. Take a sedan chair or carriage.

Whether businessmen running around here and there, literati entering Beijing, or officials transferred from other places, they must bite the bullet and embark on a tortuous road. For well-funded businessmen, if the distance to go out is not particularly far, most people will choose to appear in a sedan chair. Although the price is relatively high, they can completely free their feet.

Officials usually take a sedan chair or carriage, but because of the high cost and slow speed, people who travel far away will choose to take a carriage. This is mainly because the carriage is faster and can be more comfortable during the journey. However, due to the limitation of travel expenses, few people will choose this way of appearance.

2. Humble and quick.

I believe everyone has seen riding out in many costume movies and TV series. In fact, in the Tang Dynasty, horse riding was also a way of travel in society at that time. Because the rulers of the Tang Dynasty built many "official roads" to control the border. And there will be a post station every 80 miles, so riding a horse was a popular way at that time.

During the Tang Dynasty, the post station facilities were relatively complete, including stables for raising horses and bedrooms for people to rest. Under normal circumstances, officials, envoys and scholars are frequent visitors to the station. People can not only eat well and sleep well at the post station, but also let the tired horses have a rest and replace them with more powerful horses.

The author thinks that the way of travel in the Tang Dynasty, although seen by modern people, is still relatively simple. But in the society at that time, it solved the troubles of travel for many people. Although for the poor, they can only walk and go out for at least a month, but this can only be the helplessness of the times.

Conclude that "it's hard to go! The journey is very hard and there are many roads. Is it safe now? " As early as 1000 years ago, Li Bai, a great poet, issued the call of "hard to walk". With so many forks in the road, where are we going in the future? Although the mountain is high and the road is rugged, it still does not hinder the enthusiasm of the people in the Tang Dynasty.

Especially for some people who have to travel far away, their way of travel can only be riding a horse, or sitting in a sedan chair, carriage or boat. These means of transportation can't be compared with airplanes, high-speed trains and ships at all, but they were very popular in the society at that time. The author thinks that maybe after 100 years, the means of transportation used by modern people are out of date.

However, it cannot be denied that existence is reasonable. Perhaps the successful communication tools in the Tang Dynasty were all slow. However, it carries the travel dreams of people in the Tang Dynasty. Although many people in the Tang Dynasty never left their homes, I think they must want to travel all over the world.

Times are changing, thinking is constantly updated, just from the evolution of transportation. It can fully prove the continuous improvement of productivity and people's desire for convenient travel. Although people in the Tang Dynasty didn't think that technology was high, they would definitely look forward to a more efficient mode of travel.