Photography techniques and techniques

Photography technology and skills, with the development of science and technology, the effects and types of photography creation are increasing. Whether shooting portraits or landscapes, the quality of composition directly affects the aesthetic feeling of the picture. Today I'm going to tell you about photography techniques and techniques.

Photography skills and techniques 1 1, keep the angle down.

Above, lower the angle. This seat is very good, the angle is different, and the photo is easy to attract attention. However, after lowering the angle, we should also pay attention to that it is not above, so we can't go into space. Because of the low prospect, the viewer is bound to look far away. When he can't see anything in the distance, he will get lost. Just like the picture below, if the angle is lowered, the space above the photo will be filled with small houses and trees.

Or, as shown in the figure below, lower the angle. There are mountains and days above and far away, with a wide field of vision and rich photos.

2, the outline has sequins.

The last mistake you should make when shooting a silhouette is that there should not be too little light, too many shadows, and even some places are dark, as shown above. Moreover, the railing in front leads to it, but the light is not at the end of the road. It should be like the picture below. The silhouette photo is bright and bright, close to the main body of the photo.

Or the light coincides with the main body of the photo, so that the viewer's line of sight is not scattered, the main body is more concentrated, and the photo will not appear chaotic.

3, don't be too heavy in the later color matching.

When shooting scenery, sometimes the color of the scenery photos may not be ideal because of the weather, but don't make the mistake of color matching later. The fault is too heavy in the later period of the above picture, and the color of the waterfall edge is distorted.

Even if the weather is foggy and the photos are hazy, it's not bad. Like the picture below, it is real and natural, and looks more comfortable.

4. The contrast between light and shade is different.

When your overall shooting environment is dark, don't rush to shoot as shown above, the picture makes people feel depressed. But to take a beam of light, or wait for a beam of light, there is a contrast between light and shade in the photo. Even in ordinary scenes, this contrast between light and shade will add a lot of color to the photos.

5, no focus is too hasty.

The overall color and composition of the above landscape photo are ok, but it always gives people a sense of sloppy and anxiety. Because in the photo, there is no point that can interest you, and there is no focus. It seems to be taken in a hurry. Look at the picture below. The people on the left and the lights on the right are the crowning touch of the photo, which makes the picture full of vitality.

When you shoot, it doesn't matter if no one cooperates. You can take some prominent scenery as the main body, such as the stones in the picture below, the stones in the foreground and the mountains in the distance, which form a good echo and make the photos look less casual and more interesting.

6, corner guidance to see the actual operation.

When making a road-oriented composition, it should be noted that the starting point of the road will be better from the lower left corner and the lower right corner of the photo, and the starting point of the photo will be perfectly combined with the starting point of the content in the photo. The road made in the above picture should be abandoned, and the road on the right should be preferred, otherwise the grass in the middle will make the photo look messy. Look at the picture below, the grass on the road is on the left side of the road, and the overall effect is better.

7, composition selection.

Be sure to make a good choice when taking landscape photos. For example, in the picture below, the shooting technique, composition and color are very good, but the mistake is that there are too many shadows in the middle. In this case, if you want the photo to be realistic, keep the top, if you want the photo to be more freehand, keep the bottom, all of it, and the photo is easy to be scrapped. Look at the picture below. Why can the pavement under the Great Circle be preserved so much? Because the road is not completely black, you can still see the details.

Or like the picture below, there are more shadows, because the shadow in the lower left corner is just an inverted triangle, and the people on it are sparse, which is more beautiful than a small part of black below.

8, overexposure is not beautiful, eyes hurt.

Take a picture of the scenery, don't overexpose it like the picture above. If you have no time to wait for the sun to soften, you can turn the camera to the left as shown below to avoid some overexposed parts.

Or, like the picture below, find some buildings and scenery to block the sun and glare, so that there will be no overexposure.

9. The main body is too small and empty.

If there is a subject or an attractive point in your photo, don't look down like this, look at the point too small.

If there is no boat in the distance, it is ok, but if there is a boat, the boat is too small, and the viewer will think that this photo is not specific enough and clear enough.

Of course, if you are waiting for the ship to come around, you can only zoom in on the distant ship with a telephoto lens.

Photography Skills and Techniques 2 8 Basic Composition Methods

1, composed of horizontal lines

Horizontal line composition is often used to express vast scenery, such as sea, lake and grassland.

When taking a picture, you can make a composition according to the position of the horizontal line to show the subject. For example, the subject of our shooting is a lake, so we can put the horizontal line at the position of 1/4 or 1/5 of the picture to highlight the lake below the horizontal line.

Then if your subject is the sky, the horizontal line can be arranged at the lower position of the picture 1/4 or 1/5.

2, vertical line composition

Vertical line composition is often used to represent trees or buildings, which will give people an upward, firm and straight feeling.

If you want to show trees growing upwards or other vertical landscapes, it's best not to leave a blank space at the top of the photo, so as not to leave an infinite subject for the audience.

3. Composition of S-shaped curve

If there is an S-shaped curve in the picture, you can consider using this composition, which is generally used to show the figure of women, or often used when shooting rivers and roads.

4. Diagonal composition

Diagonal composition, that is, the image of the subject in the picture is diagonal, which will have a stronger sense of movement visually. Generally speaking, this composition is often used when shooting fierce racing cars or other speed competitions.

5, triangle composition

It is well known that triangles are stable, and the same effect can be achieved by using this composition method when taking pictures. Used to express the sense of stability of characters and the grandeur of nature.

6, guide wire composition

This composition technique is often used to shoot bridges or straight roads, which makes the picture have a strong sense of depth and enhances the mystery and unknown feeling at the end of the picture.

For example, in the photo below, the stone pile in the foreground is a guiding line, which leads everyone's attention to the farthest ship.

7. Decentralized composition

Scatter composition is a picture composed of scattered shapes. Its main feature is that "the shape is scattered but the spirit is not scattered", which is more commonly used to photograph cows, sheep or horses on the ground or flowers scattered on the grass. Make the picture have a strong sense of rhythm.

8. Three-point composition

Divide the whole picture into nine identical areas, and arrange the subject at the four intersections of the dividing line or any dividing line when shooting.

Triangular composition can avoid the dullness and boredom of the picture.

If you are still a novice photographer, you might as well write down these eight composition methods and study them well. Although it seems simple, you can make a good film if you use it well.

Photography Skills and Techniques 3 6 Classic Photography Skills

Axis transfer effect and pseudo-axis transfer effect: with the feeling of toy model

Axis-shifting lens is expensive, but its special optical design can produce different effects from ordinary lens. Because of the large imaging circle and the displacement or inclination of the lens body, some overlooking scenery can look like toy models, and it can avoid the insurmountable deformation and the effect of extending the depth of field when shooting buildings and commodities. Axis shifting is now more and more used in film and television dramas or filming, especially in some foreign film collections. This miniature urban scene is often used as a scene or a film for the opening and closing ceremonies, such as the Japanese drama Family Game and the English drama Sherlock Holmes in the New Century.

For ordinary photographers, the price of shifting lens is really difficult to start with. Because of this, many friends in China have transformed their old lenses into shift-axis lenses, and the fun lens manufacturer Lensbaby has also launched a more intimate version. In addition, renting and playing is also a good choice. Borrow it in China for about 700-900 yuan a day. For detailed shooting teaching, please refer to the "Introduction to Shooting Skills of Moving Axis Lens" in the station.

But to be honest, many micro-cameras and small DC's have built-in shift lens effect. Even if there is no interesting filter function in the camera, you can get a similar appearance through computer editing software. It is generally suggested that when using this effect in post-production, shooting the content from the perspective of overlooking the city on a sunny day will be more pleasing to the eye and the effect will be more obvious.

▲ The most well-known effect of shifting the lens is to have a bird's eye view of the city with a toy model.

Creative effect of borrowing a seat: funny KUSO is the highlight

Searching for "excuse me" on the Internet will definitely lead to many exaggerated and KUSO photos, some of which are coincidental and some are designed. In any case, it is precisely because of the distance difference and shooting angle between the subjects or objects that some surreal and interesting pictures are produced. This technique can add a lot of points to the photos when it is used in the shooting of tourist commemorative photos. There are not many technical or equipment requirements, and I am afraid that it will be unexpected.

Although there are not many technical requirements, there are still some tips. Because there is a gap between subjects or objects, it is suggested to shoot in aperture priority mode and set a smaller aperture value to ensure that the subjects are within the depth of field and clear. If you want to capture dynamic moments, such as jumping pictures, you should also take into account the shutter speed. If necessary, you can improve the sensitivity and ensure sufficient shutter speed.

▲ Borrowing a seat can always present some surreal or funny pictures.

Long-time exposure of water landscape: smooth and flowing feeling

In landscape photography, long exposure is a classic technique, which is not only used to capture night scenes or light trails at night, but also used to photograph streams, lakes or the sea when shooting wild scenery during the day. Through long exposure, moving objects can be blurred completely and flexibly, and the undulating water surface can be made smooth as silk. Even if there are many people coming and going in the scene, they will "disappear" in the picture because of the blur effect, and you can get the pure scenery that was empty before the tranquility.

Long exposure during the day, in order to get a longer shutter at a fixed aperture value, it is necessary to use a reducing mirror (ND mirror) to achieve the effect of blurring moving objects. In addition to the reduction mirror, the commonly used basic equipment is tripod, wireless remote shutter or wired release, which can reduce the jitter that may be caused by long-term exposure of the camera and interfere with the shooting results. If you want to know more about the precautions and skills when shooting, please refer to "Simple 7 Steps to Teach You to Take a Perfect Long Exposure Photo".

▲ Taking pictures of lakes or seascapes for a long time can create a quiet atmosphere.

Digital infrared effect: surreal CG scene

Maybe many friends have seen many photos with strange color effects on the Internet, which look unreal, more like CG pictures drawn by computers, just like scenes of some video games. In fact, this is still a real scene, just using infrared photography, filtering out visible light through a special infrared filter, and only letting infrared light hit the photosensitive element to shoot such a dreamy scenery. If you want to try infrared photography, you need to modify the camera or apply a filter. It seems that modifying the camera will be better than applying a filter. However, due to the high cost, some seniors suggest that you start with an external infrared filter. If you really like it after trial, it is not too late to find a camera to modify. If you want to know more about infrared photography teaching, you can refer to Ghostly Infrared Photography Skills.

Due to the development of digital post-processing technology, the visual effect of infrared photography can be "forged" by post-processing software even if the step filter is not changed. Choose a work you have photographed and give it a try!

▲ Infrared photography can capture the dreamy feeling of unusual scenery.

Multiple exposure portrait creation: blending into the photographer's inner world

Combining two photos and re-exposing them is not a new technology. Photographers tried this effect as early as19th century. Re-exposure has many different effects, and the most popular one is the combination of portrait and natural texture. In the choice of grain, the more obvious the exposure, the better the effect, such as leaves, branches or cracked land under the background of white sky.

In fact, many cameras now have built-in multiple exposure functions, not only micro-monocular cameras and small consumer cameras, but also professional monocular cameras such as Canon 5D3 and Nikon D800, all of which can be repeatedly exposed in the camera without post-synthesis, and there are also many different synthesis effects to choose from.

For the re-exposure creation of portraits, first of all, of course, it is necessary to take two photos that need to be synthesized. It is best to shoot the portrait with a solid background such as white and shoot it against the light, so as to get a clear-cut portrait. Cloudy sky is also a good background choice; The shooting of natural lines is basically the same. It is suggested that you can shoot in LiveView mode. When you finish taking the first picture and start taking the second picture, the first picture will be translucent on the screen, which is convenient for you to take the second picture for composition.

Maybe your camera doesn't have this function yet, but your smartphone can definitely be downloaded and installed into an APP that can play re-exposure photography, or you can rely on post-production software such as Photoshop or Lightroom to produce the effect.

▲ The combination of portrait and re-exposure can not only add artistic sense, but also explain the inner psychology of the role more.

360-degree panoramic photography: building a personal small planet

Nowadays, many cameras and mobile phones are also equipped with panoramic photography function, which is convenient for everyone to shoot some wide scenes without having to shoot them in sections and then splicing them in the computer. However, if you want to do some different effects in panoramic photography and "planet" the vast scene, although the mobile phone has a special APP for rapid post-production, if you shoot with a camera, you still need to shoot in sections in a down-to-earth manner and then rely on the power of post-production.

The precautions for shooting 360-degree panoramic works are roughly the same as those for panoramic photography. Need tripod and manual mode shooting, easy to master and adjust the exposure of each photo. It is recommended to shoot with a small aperture to ensure the depth of field. It is best to adjust the white balance manually, and it is best to keep the overlapping edge of 1/3 between each photo. For more detailed panoramic photography skills, please refer to the related articles in the station (click the link above). In addition, if you want to make the splicing of planets look more natural, you should pay attention to taking enough pictures so that the splicing deformation is less likely to appear abrupt.

After the shooting, the post-production software is used in the computer to splice the photos into a general panorama, and then the filter is turned over and twisted into a star shape.