History of Yellowstone National Park, USA. . .

Yellowstone National Park is referred to as Yellowstone National Park for short. It is the first national park in the world, established in 1872. Yellowstone National Park is located in the northwest corner of Wyoming in the midwest of the United States, extending northwest to Idaho and Montana, covering an area of 8,956 square kilometers. This area was originally a sacred place for Indians, but it became the earliest national park in the world because of the excavation of American explorers Lewis and Clark. 1978 is listed as a world natural heritage.

catalogue

Huangshi time history

The development of history

milestone

Geological lion fountain

Hot fountain

Huangshi grand canyon

Forest resources and forest characteristics

Characteristic ecology

1988 forest fire

Animal resources animal species

Typical animal

Brief introduction of Huangshi volcano

Emergence period

Related remarks

Ground expansion

cause

Generation process

Other related

English introduction

Tourist information Huangshi time history

The development of history

milestone

Geological lion fountain

Hot fountain

Huangshi grand canyon

Forest resources and forest characteristics

Characteristic ecology

1988 forest fire

Animal resources animal species

Typical animal

Brief introduction of Huangshi volcano

Emergence period

Related remarks

Ground expansion

Yellowstone National Park [1] is a national park in the United States, located in the lava plateau between the North Rocky Mountains and the Middle Rocky Mountains in the western United States, mostly in the northwest of Wyoming. It is 2134-2,438 meters above sea level and covers an area of 8,956 square kilometers. It is proudly called "the most unique magical paradise on earth" by Americans. The traffic in the park is convenient, with more than 500 kilometers of highway around the mountain, connecting the main scenic spots together, and the hiking route is 1500 kilometers. March 1872, 1, officially named as a national park to protect wildlife and natural resources, is the first and largest national park in the world. Yellowstone National Park covers a total area of 8,956 square kilometers, most of which are located in the northwest of Wyoming, and some extend to Montana and Idaho. * * * There are five entrances in the east, south, west, north and northeast. Huangshi National Park is divided into five areas: the Mammoth Hot Spring Area in the northwest is mainly composed of limestone steps, so it is also called the hot step area; The northeast is Roosevelt district, which still retains the old western landscape; In the middle is the canyon area, where you can enjoy the Yellowstone Grand Canyon and waterfalls. The southeast is Huangshi Lake District, which is dominated by lakes and mountains. There are geysers in the west and southwest, including geysers, hot springs, steam, hot pools, mud and spray holes. [2][3] The height of the park rises from 53 14 feet (1620 meters) at the northern entrance of Yellowstone National Park (Gardner, Montana).

Eagle Peak, the highest point in the southeast, is 1 1, 358 feet (3,462 meters). There are the largest geysers in the world in the vast natural forest of Huangshi National Park, where more than half of the geysers in the world are located. These geothermal wonders prove the existence of the largest active volcano in the world. Yellowstone National Park is also a wildlife sanctuary, inhabited by wild animals such as bison, gray wolves, brown bears, moose, elk, bighorn sheep, antelopes and pronghorn. Yellowstone National Park takes the bear as its symbol. There are about 200 black bears, 100 grizzly bears and 250 wolves in the park. Yellowstone river and Huangshi Lake run through it, including canyons, waterfalls, hot springs and geysers. The scenery is beautiful and charming. Among them, the "Old Faithful Spring" which sprays water once every hour is the most famous. There are dense forests in the park, and some remaining wild animals, such as bison, are raised for people to watch. There is a museum of historical sites in the park. Since the establishment of 1872, more than 60 million people have come here for sightseeing. Because everyone comes from all corners of the country, the nature we feel is rich and colorful. Yellowstone National Park is the most primitive and oldest national park in the world, which was discovered in the autumn of 1807. According to the March 1872 bill of the US Congress, Yellowstone National Park is "approved as a public park and entertainment place for the benefit of the people", and at the same time "in order to keep all her trees, mineral deposits, natural wonders and landscapes and other landscapes from being destroyed in the existing natural state". In the vast natural forest area of Wyoming, Yellowstone National Park covers an area of about 9,000 hectares. There may be impressive geothermal phenomena, as well as more than 3,000 geysers, water spouts and hot springs. Yellowstone National Park is also famous for grizzly bears, wolves, bison and elk (different from China elk). ) and other wild animals. The remarkable feature that initially aroused people's interest and made Huangshi a national park was the geothermal phenomenon in geology. There are the most geysers and hot springs in the world, the colorful yellowstone river Grand Canyon, fossil forests and Yellowstone Lake. Judging from the cultural relics here, the civilization history of Huangshi National Park can be traced back to 12000 years ago. From the historical buildings here and the public facilities of park managers and tourists preserved in various periods, we can see a more recent history. 99% of the park's area is undeveloped, so a large number of biological species can multiply, with the largest number and species of mammals on land.

Yellowstone National Park (20 photos) Yellowstone National Park is a real wilderness, one of the rare large-scale natural environments preserved in 48 States of the United States, where you can feel the nature. June, July and August are the peak periods of tourism. In order to protect the safety of tourists and various natural and cultural heritage, the park has formulated various rules and regulations. Huangshi National Park is the first national park in the world, and it is also the first project of 1978 to enter the World Heritage List. The main part of the park is located in the northwest corner of Wyoming, and part of it extends to the southwest of Montana and the east of Idaho. It covers an area of 7,988 square kilometers (note: this is the data of the book "National Park Exploration Tour Series-American National Parks"); The data of the album "Man and Nature" in 2002/6 is 22 19833 mu; The data of the network is 3400 square miles). Yellowstone National Park, a world honed by ice and fire, was born in a volcanic eruption nearly 2 million years ago, and 99% of the whole country has not been developed. It is a vast and clean primitive natural area, distributed at the highest peak of the Rocky Mountains. Abundant rain makes it the birthplace of many rivers in America. On this open igneous plateau with an average height of 8000 feet, there are high mountains, stone forests, eroded lava flows and obsidian mountains. Yellowstone National Park is the earliest and largest national park in the United States. Just like the Great Wall in China, it is a must-see for foreign tourists. It is famous for maintaining the natural environment. Another landscape in Yellowstone National Park is the yellowstone river, which runs out of Yellowstone Canyon and flows through Yellowstone National Park to Montana. The Yellowstone River runs through the mountains, creating the magical Yellowstone Grand Canyon. In the sun, the color of the two gorge walls changed from orange to orange, like two winding ribbons. Due to the high terrain of the park, the Huangshi River and its tributaries cut deeply into the canyon, forming many waterfalls, which are very spectacular.

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United States, Yellowstone National Park, natural heritage, 1978 is included in the World Heritage List. Yellowstone National Park covers an area of 8,956 square kilometers and is located in a large virgin forest in Wyoming. The natural landscape is rich and varied, including canyons, waterfalls, lakes, geysers and hot springs. There are also abundant wild animals, such as grizzly bears, wolves, elk and bison. Yellowstone National Park was built in 1872, which is an American 1 national park. In March 1872, 1, the first president of the United States signed the Yellowstone National Park Act, and the first national park in the United States was born. This is also the first national park in the world. It is located on the lava plateau between Idaho, Montana and Wyoming in the western United States, and most of it is located in the northwest of Wyoming. The highest peak in the park is washburne Peak, which is 3550 meters above sea level. The forest in the park accounts for about 90% of the total area of the park, and the water surface accounts for about 10%. The biggest lake in the park is yellowstone lake, and the biggest river is yellowstone river. In addition, there are canyons, waterfalls, hot springs and geysers in the park, which are famous tourist attractions. Yellowstone National Park is famous for its natural scenery. Over the past 60 million years, there have been many volcanic eruptions in Huangshi area, forming a lava plateau with an altitude of more than 2,000 meters. Together with three glacial movements, valleys, waterfalls, lakes and groups of hot springs and fountains were left behind. Nature uses water, fire, ice and wind to carve and decorate the charming scenery here. Visiting mountains, east, west and north, with rugged peaks, canyons between mountains, rugged roads and rugged rocks; Visit the water, there are rivers, lakes, streams, springs, ponds and waterfalls. Some of them pour down from the clouds, some rush out from the valleys, and some emerge from the ground. It depends on animals, including waterfowl, birds and wild mammals-elk, black bear, moose and bighorn sheep. It is said that Yellowstone National Park is the largest wildlife sanctuary in the United States.

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As early as the beginning of19th century, Shoshone and other Indians hunted in this land and even lived in scattered places. At that time, they lived in extreme poverty. From 65438 to 0806, John Colt became the first white man to explore here. His pleasant report soon attracted crowds of hunters and prospectors, who followed closely. From 65438 to 0859, the legendary Jim Bridge led the first government-authorized expedition into Huangshi. 1870, the most important human visit to Huangshi-an expedition named "washburne-Langford-Donne" began. The nickname "Old Faithful Spring" of Yellowstone National Park was given by the explorer. In this expedition, there appeared a Mr. N.P. langford who was willing to give his life for Yellowstone National Park. At the beginning of the opening of Huangshi National Park, he volunteered to be the first person in charge of the park. He worked for five years and didn't take a penny! Another noteworthy name is Judge CorneliusHedges, whose reputation comes from his revolutionary initiative for the first time, that is, "this land should be the national treasure of all people in this emerging country". 187 1 year, the national geological exploration team began a formal investigation of Huangshi. The investigation team led by the famous geologist F.V. Hayden also issued a statement in support of Judge cornelius hedges's proposal. Hayden was also a member of the government expedition led by Jim Bridger in 1859. Subsequently, an influential large-scale opposition movement broke out. Fortunately, despite the uproar of opponents, the bill to hand over this public land to the federal government was finally incredibly put forward that year and was later passed. That was in March 1, 1872. According to the bill of the US Congress, "Yellowstone National Park is approved as a public park and entertainment place for the benefit of the people", and at the same time, "in order to make all its trees, minerals, natural wonders and landscapes and other landscapes not be destroyed in the existing natural state." The then President hiram grant signed the bill. At this point, the world's first "national park" was born.

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1978, as the report of the Second World Heritage Committee, was included in the World Heritage List according to the selection criteria of cultural heritage N (I) (II) (III) (IV). Report of the World Heritage Committee on its session 19. 1995 is listed in the endangered world heritage list. English name: Yellowstone National Park. : 7 12-002. The reason put forward by the World Heritage Committee is: 1. The planned mining 4 km from the northeast boundary of the park will affect the threatened park. 2. Illegal introduction of non-native species-lake salmon competes with local spiny-throated salmon. 3. Road construction and tourist pressure. 4. Brucellosis in bison may harm livestock in the surrounding areas. In the letter dated 1995 dated February 28th, IUCN requested the World Heritage Committee to intervene to stop the exploitation, and described in more detail that besides the exploitation threat, Huangshi National Park is also facing various other threats: the potential geothermal exploitation and other groundwater drilling outside the park are threatening the world-famous geothermal resources of the park. Logging, oil and gas exploitation, road construction, mining, residential buildings and new residential areas constantly invade the sensitive wilderness and important wildlife habitats around the park, and the health and integrity of the park depend on it. The destruction of the ecological environment and the intensification of the conflict between man and bear have endangered the endangered grizzly bear. Bison that can wander around the park are usually slaughtered if they cross the park boundary. The illegal introduction of lake salmon threatens the original spiny-throated salmon in Huangshi, which is an important food resource for grizzly bears, small mammals and birds. There is a huge waste accumulation in the upstream area just a few miles from the northeast border of Huangshi. Although several attempts have been made to clean up the pollution, heavy metals and acidic pollutants continue to seep into the soda stone river. More and more visits and surveys throughout the year have caused overcrowding and disturbed wildlife. Yellowstone National Park was officially listed on the World Heritage List, forcing the Clinton administration to make an unprecedented decision, that is, to exchange the property owned by gold mining companies for federal property to stop mining. 1996, the Clinton administration bought private land planned for mining for 65 million dollars, effectively eliminating the threat of gold mines to Huangshi National Park. Other reports on the management of threats to Yellowstone National Park have also been submitted to the World Heritage Committee, including the temporary bison management plan, the establishment of the national/federal temporary emergency committee and the establishment of the Brucellosis Committee of Great Yellowstone National Park, and great progress has been made in solving other problems. However, Yellowstone National Park was not removed from the list until June 2003, because the World Heritage Committee believes that in addition to the success of opposing the mining proposal, other mentioned threats continue today. The decision of the World Heritage Committee to include Huangshi National Park in the World Heritage List has promoted the struggle of non-governmental organizations to seek international support to stop mining. For the first time, it provides a way for scientific expertise to be guided and enjoyed by the people. It openly involves major federal agencies in the United States, forcing them to take a stand on the gold mine proposal. Success also makes more and more people take the initiative to pay attention to the living conditions of world heritage. At the 27th World Heritage Congress held in July, 2003, 1988 fire destroyed 36% of the total area of Huangshi National Park. Finally, after fierce debate, Huangshi National Park was conditionally removed from the List of World Heritage in Danger.

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Lion fountain

The natural landscape of Yellowstone National Park is divided into five regions, namely Mamo, Roosevelt, Canyon, Geyser and Lake. The five scenic spots have their own characteristics, but there is one uniqueness-geothermal wonders. Castle geyser in Yellowstone National Park

There are 3,000 hot springs in the park, including 300 geysers, many of which spray over 100 feet. The "Lion Fountain" consists of four fountains. The water column emits a sound similar to the roar of a lion before it is ejected, and then it is shot into the air. The "sapphire fountain" is blue; The most famous "Old Faithful Spring" is named after its regular water spraying. From the discovery to now 100 years, it has erupted every 33-93 minutes, each eruption lasts for four or five minutes, and the water column is as high as 40 meters without interruption. The total length of roads in the park exceeds 500 miles, and the total length of trails exceeds 1000 miles. Yellowstone lake, Shoshone Lake, Shehe River and Huangshi River are distributed among them. The park is surrounded by castel, Shoshone, Teton, Thailand, Beaverhead and Galatin National Forests. Yellowstone National Park is a primitive earth landscape formed by water and fire. It is called "the most splendid and spectacular scenery on the earth's surface" and is described as "beyond the limits that human art can reach".

Hot fountain

As we all know, Huangshi is famous for its numerous hot springs, large and small geysers, colorful rocks, canyons, rivers and a wide variety of wild animals. This is a hotbed of geothermal activity, with more than 10 thousand geothermal characteristics; The Rocky Mountains have created countless beautiful mountains, rivers, waterfalls and canyons for this territory, and its limestone structure adds beautiful colors to the earth. Countless wild animals give it endless life. It is the hometown of Wyoming herds and the largest and most diverse mammal habitat in North America and even the world. At the beginning of the 20th century, an American explorer once described Yellowstone National Park as follows: "No matter how different the scenery and vegetation in different countries are, Mother Earth is always so familiar, kind and eternal. But here, the earth has changed so much that it seems to belong to another world. ..... The earth seems to test its endless creativity here. " The geothermal landscape of Yellowstone National Park is the most famous in the world. In fact, you can't help being shocked by the wonders you see. Thousands of boiling springs, blue lakes and deep pools are choppy, and the mountains are buzzing, as if a furnace of flames were burning. Hundreds of geysers spew boiling water columns and steam, like inverted waterfalls, spewing out from the hot and dark underground world from time to time. Some geysers have spectacular water columns, like towering trees, with diameters ranging from 1.5m to 18m and heights ranging from 45m to 90m. Great power can make it last for a few minutes at this height, and some can last for nearly an hour. Yellowstone National Park has the largest number of hot springs in the world, with more than 3,000 hot springs, mud springs and more than 300 geysers that regularly erupt! Geysers, in particular, are the pride of Huangshi. Because the total number of geysers in other parts of the world is not as much as that in Yellowstone National Park. Geysers are also found in Iceland, New Zealand, Japan, Himalayas, South America and many other volcanic areas. However, only in Iceland, New Zealand and this park do geysers show their most magnificent momentum and style. In these three famous areas, in terms of the number and scale of geysers, the geysers in Huangshi National Park are the first. Scientists have found that just under the surface of Huangshi, heat flow and lava activity are extremely active. The underground lava with a depth of 3300 meters provides sufficient energy for the hot springs. The lava of Baidu warms the underground spring water, which flows out, seeps out or gushes out from the cracks on the surface. This is the hot spring and hot spring that we see. The topography of Huangshi National Park is basically concave, and there is much snowfall in winter, which provides it with rich underground water sources. The water on the ground easily flows into the ground, and finally flows into the deep underground where the temperature far exceeds the boiling point, and is continuously heated by geothermal energy to change from cold to hot, and then turns into steam after boiling. Under great pressure, steam must find a way out. If the steam is blocked by the downward flowing water, the quality of the water will prevent the steam from escaping from the gap. In this way, after a period of time, because the pressure of steam is getting bigger and bigger, the heat is getting bigger and bigger, and finally it spews out with the spring water, forming a geyser. When a typical geyser is about to erupt, we can see water flowing out of a small hole first, or find that the water flow suddenly increases, and then thunder comes from deep underground, which means that steam has broken through the water barrier. Then, we will see that the water column of the nozzle is thrown up by steam for several seconds to several minutes. At the same time as the water column spouts out and for a period of time afterwards, we can still hear the rumble of water vapor, as if to vent our inner excitement. Finally, the underground pressure is released, and the power of steam jet disappears, so water begins to fill the nozzle again, blocking the outlet of steam and brewing the next eruption. Regardless of shape, size, winter and summer and weather conditions, all geysers are rising and sinking day and night faithfully, as if dancing rhythmically. This is the most peculiar flower cultivated by the creator. They bloom all year round and never feel tired or bored. These areas with dense "flowers" are generally called geyser basins, and most of them are open valleys located in the central plateau. When the larger volcanoes stopped burning, these valleys were formed by the erosion of glaciers. These valleys can be regarded as laboratories and kitchens of nature. In these thousands of "flasks" and "cookstoves", we can see that nature, like a skilled chemist or chef, mixes fire, water, gas and countless minerals. She cooks the whole mountain, barbecues the cliffs, and the huge Yellowstone National Park smokes everywhere with her superb skills.

Huangshi grand canyon

The Yellowstone Grand Canyon lies between the fishing bridge and the tower. The river flowing out of yellowstone lake flows through a steep canyon about 38km, commonly known as Huangshi Grand Canyon. This is the most magnificent and magnificent scenery in Yellowstone National Park. The 97-kilometer-long Yellowstone River is "the only river in America without dams". Here, the river suddenly became turbulent, and the splashing water was washed away, forming two magnificent waterfalls that roared and drained the Grand Canyon. One of these two waterfalls is 130 meters high, which is the upper waterfall; The other is 100 meters high and is called Xiapu. The Huangshi River passes through volcanic rocks, and after a long period of erosion, it forms the majestic Huangshi Grand Canyon, which is particularly steep and touching, with a depth of 60 meters, a width of 200 meters and a length of about 32 kilometers. For those who come to watch this famous river section, what attracts them most is neither the depth and shape of the canyon nor the surging waterfall. The most unforgettable thing is the grotesque and colorful weathered volcanic rocks. The gorge wall shines with dazzling luster from head to toe, dazzling in the sun. White, yellow, green, blue, vermilion and countless colors in harmony with red. There are millions of tons of rocks in front of us, but they look like they are painted with oil paints, as if they are exposed to the wind and the sun without restraint. The color is very bright, and the solid color will not be washed away or faded by the wind and the sun. This effect is too strange and incredible.

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Forest characteristics