What are the tourist attractions in Yungang Grottoes? Yungang Grottoes Tourism

1. Travel to Yungang Grottoes

One. The sculpture is early. The Yungang Grottoes were excavated during the Northern Wei Dynasty. It was around 1600 years ago.

Two. The statue is magnificent. The early statues in Yungang Grottoes were very large. Tan Yao five holes (holes 16-20). The largest Buddha statue is 17 meters long and is in Cave 5. Others are about 10-16m. Of course there are also small Buddha statues.

Three. Exquisite statue. The sculpture style of Yungang Grottoes is a mixture of various artistic styles. In other words, you can see Indian style, Gandhara style, Greek style, Western style, etc. in Yungang Grottoes. In the statues of the early Northern Wei Dynasty, the faces of the Xianbei people can often be seen. However, later sculptures were seriously localized in China and have been finalized. Such as Longmen Grottoes. Or the many small caves after Cave 20 of Yungang Grottoes. Most of these caves were excavated after the capital was moved. Moreover, it was excavated privately and does not have the royal spirit of the previous grottoes.

Four. Spend all the country’s financial resources to build a giant statue of a generation. The carving project of Yungang Grottoes was a royal project of the Northern Wei Dynasty, which consumed a lot of manpower, material and financial resources and took about sixty years. What's more, it was done once and for all, without the involvement of other dynasties. (Cave 3 is an exception. The third cave is the largest cave in Yungang. Most scholars believe that the Buddha statues inside were carved later. There is still controversy about the age of the engraving, such as the late Northern Wei Dynasty, Sui Dynasty, and Tang Dynasty. From the perspective of sculpture style, Personally, I prefer to say the Tang Dynasty.) Other large grottoes across the country were excavated in the past dynasties. Such as Dunhuang Grottoes and Longmen Grottoes.

Five. The carving technique is superb. The Buddha statues in Yungang Grottoes are carved in high relief.

Six. All the giant Buddhas represent an emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty. That is, the Buddha is the Son of Heaven, and worshiping the Buddha is the Son of Heaven.

Seven. Strict and unified layout? This is all nonsense. Can royal projects be engraved randomly? Unity is necessary. Oh, some of the Yungang Grottoes are double caves, that is, two caves with the same carving time, the same space size, and the same layout and structure.

2. How to write a travel guide for Yungang Grottoes

Yungang Grottoes, one of the four most famous Buddhist grotto art treasures in China, is located about 16 kilometers west of Datong City, Shanxi Province.

There are 53 existing caves, most of which were built during the Northern Wei Dynasty from 460 to 494 AD, and more than 51,000 stone sculptures. It extends for one kilometer from east to west and can be divided into three major groups.

The first group (including Cave 1, Cave 2, Cave 3 and Cave 4) is located at the east end and is separated from the other groups. Cave 1 and Cave 2 have stood the test of time and weather.

The third cave is a product of the Northern Wei Dynasty and is the largest one among the Yungang Grottoes.

Tours usually start with the second group, from the 5th to the 13th hole.

Yungang art performs best among this group. There is a 17-meter-high seated Buddha in the fifth cave.

In Cave No. 6, a 15-meter-high two-story pagoda column stands in the center of the room. The Buddha's life from birth to nirvana is carved on the pagoda and cave walls.

The Bodhisattva is carved in the seventh cave. Yungang's rare eight-armed, four-headed statue of Shiva riding a bull is illustrated in the eighth cave.

3. Tourism environment of Yungang Grottoes

Yungang Grottoes are located at the southern foot of Wuzhou Mountain, 16 kilometers west of Datong City, Shanxi Province. Nowadays, the grottoes are all dug into the mountains. They are large in scale and majestic, stretching about 1 kilometer from east to west. The grottoes are divided into three areas from east to west according to the natural mountain topography: east, middle and west. There are 45 main caves and 209 subsidiary caves, with a carving area of ??more than 18,000 square meters. The tallest statue is 17 meters and the smallest is 2 centimeters. There are more than 1,100 niches and more than 59,000 statues of different sizes.

The Yungang Grottoes have a history of 1,500 years. It is the first treasure house of Buddhist art carved by one nation in one dynasty after Buddhist art was introduced to China. It is a historical monument of the integration of Chinese and Western cultures in the 5th century AD.

In March 1961, it was announced by the State Council as one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units; in December 2001, it was approved by UNESCO to be included in the world cultural heritage; in May 2007, it became the first national cultural relics protection unit. Approved as a 5A tourist attraction.

4. Tourist Attractions of Yungang Grottoes

The Yungang Grottoes are located at the southern foot of Mount Wuzhou (Zhoushan), about 16 kilometers west of Datong City, Shanxi Province, China, and on the north bank of the Wuzhou River. The geographical location is 11320 East longitude and 4004 North latitude. The grottoes are carved into the mountains. They are large in scale and majestic, stretching about 1 kilometer from east to west. The grottoes are divided into three areas: east, middle and west according to the natural mountain topography from east to west. There are 45 main caves and 209 subsidiary caves, with a carving area of ??more than 18,000 square meters. The tallest statue is 17 meters and the smallest is 2 centimeters. There are more than 1,100 niches and more than 51,000 statues. Yungang Grottoes have a history of 1,500 years. It is the first treasure house of Buddhist art carved by one nation in one dynasty after Buddhist art was introduced to China. It is a historical monument of the integration of Chinese and Western cultures in the 5th century AD. In March 1961, it was announced by the State Council as one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units; in December 2001, it was approved by UNESCO to be included in the world cultural heritage list; in May 2007, it became the first batch of 5A-level tourist attractions in the country.

Yungang Grottoes, formerly known as Wuzhoushan Grottoes Temple, was renamed Yungang Grottoes in the Ming Dynasty.

Li Daoyuan, a geographer of the Northern Wei Dynasty, recorded in "Shui Jing Zhu._Shui": The Wuzhou River flows to the southeast. There are stones on the water side and the cave is surrounded by caves where the bhikshuni lives. The water turned eastward to the south of Lingyan, and the rock was cut to open the mountain. Because of the rock structure, it is really majestic and rare in the world. The mountain hall and water hall, the smoke hall facing each other, the forest garden and the brocade mirror, decorated it as the capital of the Northern Wei Dynasty.

The beautiful scenery of Yungang Grottoes (5 photos) is a large-scale grotto temple cultural relic from the Cheng (now Datong, Shanxi) period. It was excavated from the beginning of Emperor Wencheng of the Northern Wei Dynasty to the end of the Zhengguang period of the Northern Wei Dynasty, which lasted nearly 70 years. The grottoes are rich in artistic content and exquisitely carved. They were carved by generations of skilled craftsmen from the Northern Wei royal family who ruled northern China at that time, pooling the country's technology, manpower and material resources. It is the earliest large cave group in eastern Xinjiang. What makes it different from other early grottoes is its magnificent typical royal statues, and its Buddhist culture and art involving various aspects such as history, architecture, music, etc. It is the soul of oriental stone carving art, a model of the integration of Chinese and Western cultures, and the highest achievement of Buddhist art in the 5th and 6th centuries AD. It occupies an important position in the history of art in China and the world. Together with Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes and Luoyang Longmen Grottoes, it is known as the three major grottoes in China. It is also known as the Ajanta Grottoes in India (included in the World Heritage List in 1983) and the Bamiyan Grottoes in Afghanistan (demolished by the Taliban on March 12, 2001). Bombing)

These grottoes were built in the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 453), and most of them were completed before the Northern Wei Dynasty moved its capital to Luoyang (AD 494). The statue construction continued until the Zhengguang Year (520-525 AD). The images of Bodhisattvas, warriors and concubines in the grotto are lifelike, and the carvings on the tower pillars are exquisite. They inherited the essence of realist art in the Qin and Han Dynasties (221 BC - 220 AD) and created the first romantic color in the Sui and Tang Dynasties (581 AD - 907 AD). Together with the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, Gansu, and the Longmen Grottoes in Longmen, Henan, they are also known as the three major grottoes in China

The Yungang Grottoes vividly record the Macedonian-Greek classical stone carving art, Indian and Central Asian Buddhist art from the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe to The historical trajectory of the development of Chinese Buddhist art reflects the gradual secularization and nationalization of Chinese Buddhist statues. Various Buddhist art sculpture styles achieved an unprecedented integration in the Yungang Grottoes, and the resulting Yungang model became a turning point in the development of Chinese Buddhist art. The Northern Wei Dynasty statues in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes and Longmen Grottoes were influenced by Yungang Grottoes to varying degrees. The Yungang Grottoes are Chinese grotto art (Sinicization). According to documentary records, during the Heping Period of the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 460-471), the Chinese people

Yungang Grottoes have a long history, large scale, rich content and exquisite carvings, and are known as the miracle art in Chinese history. There are Buddhas, Bodhisattvas, disciples, Dharma protectors and other lifelike figures with different expressions in the caves. There are imitation wood buildings with simple style and various shapes; there are Buddhist reliefs with outstanding themes and skillful knife skills; there are rich compositions and beautiful and exquisite decorative patterns; there are also ancient Chinese musical instrument sculptures, such as miao, panpipe, mian, and pipa Wait, it’s colorful and dazzling.

In terms of sculpture skills, it inherited and developed the excellent traditions of Chinese sculpture art in the Qin and Han Dynasties, absorbed and integrated the beneficial elements of Indian Gandhara art, and created unique works of art, which are in the history of Chinese sculpture. An important page is left. The Yungang Grottoes are not only important visual materials for understanding and studying ancient Chinese history, sculptures, architecture, music and religious beliefs, but also physical evidence tracing ancient Sino-Western cultural exchanges and friendly exchanges between peoples.

Over the past 1,500 years, the Yungang Grottoes have been severely damaged due to weathering, water erosion, earthquakes and other reasons. They were also destroyed before liberation. According to incomplete statistics, more than 1,400 Buddha statues were stolen overseas, and traces of the axe-cutting still exist to this day.

5. The tourism characteristics of Yungang Grottoes

It is located in Datong City, Shanxi Province. 5A-level scenic spot (the highest level), a world cultural heritage, a national key cultural relics protection unit, the best tourism brand scenic spot in China in 2008, and the most internationally influential leisure tourism scenic spot in China.

The Yungang Grottoes are one of the largest grottoes in China. Together with the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, the Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, and the Maijishan Grottoes, they are also known as the four major grotto art treasures in China. Located at the southern foot of Wuzhou Mountain, 16 kilometers west of Datong City, Shanxi Province, it is carved into the mountain and stretches for about one kilometer from east to west. It is majestic and rich in content. There are 45 major grottoes, 252 large and small niches, and more than 51,000 statues, representing China's outstanding Buddhist grotto art from the 5th to 6th centuries AD. Among them, the Tan Yao Five Grottoes have a rigorous and unified layout design and are classic masterpieces from the first peak period of Chinese Buddhist art.

6. Tourism resources of Yungang Grottoes

When Datong was under construction, the annual demand was 5-1 million. It is estimated that after completion, it will require at least 3 million yuan a year.

Compared with summer family travel, driven by good news such as free admission and price reduction promotions, many vacationing families and retired families have become the main force in off-peak travel in autumn and winter. Free tickets for tourists from all over the country, coupled with Datong’s unique scenery, comfortable weather and rich tourism resources in autumn, attract tourists from all over the country. The person in charge of a local pick-up travel agency told reporters that many tourists choose their own transportation and then choose to join a tour group after arriving in Datong City. This is a relatively obvious change this year. This year, many travel agencies have designed group travel products specifically for the elderly.

Compared with ordinary products, the itinerary is relatively loose, and some tourist attractions in surrounding counties can also be taken into consideration.

7. Tourism program of Yungang Grottoes

The Yungang Grottoes are located at the southern foot of Wuzhou Mountain, 17 kilometers west of Datong City, Shanxi Province, northern China. The grottoes are cut along the mountain and stretch for 1 kilometer from east to west. There are 45 large caves, 252 large and small niches, and more than 51,000 stone statues. It is one of the largest ancient grottoes in China, and together with the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, the Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, and the Maijishan Grottoes in Tianshui, it is also known as the four major grotto art treasures in China. On December 14, 2001, it was included in the World Heritage List by UNESCO.

Value based on purchase price

The Yungang Grottoes statues are majestic and rich in content. They can be called the highest stone carving art in China in the 5th century AD and are known as the treasure house of ancient Chinese carving art. . According to the time of excavation, it can be divided into three periods: early, middle and late. The grotto statues in different periods have their own characteristics. In the early days, the five caves of Tan Yao were magnificent and had a strong and simple western atmosphere. In the middle period, the grottoes were famous for their exquisite carvings

The Yungang Grottoes vividly record the historical trajectory of the development of Buddhist art from India and Central Asia to Chinese Buddhist art, reflecting the gradual secularization and nationalization of Chinese Buddhist statues. ization process. A variety of Buddhist art sculpture styles have achieved an unprecedented integration in Yungang Grottoes.

The Yungang Grottoes are the largest grottoes in China. The architectural style carvings of the Chinese Palace in the middle period of Yungang Grottoes, and the Chinese-style Buddhist niches developed on this basis, were widely used in the construction of cave temples in later generations. The layout and decoration of the late Yungang Grottoes more prominently reflect the rich Chinese architectural and decorative style, reflecting Chinese Buddhist art.

Heritage value

Yungang Grottoes, one of the first batch of key cultural relics protection units in the country, has been included in the World Heritage List by UNESCO. It is a national 5A tourist attraction and is of great significance to the whole country. It has immeasurable heritage value throughout the world.

The Yungang Grottoes, about 1 km long from east to west, are carved into the mountains. They are majestic and rich in content. Together with the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, Gansu and the Longmen Grottoes in Henan, it is known as the three major grottoes in China. It is one of the world-famous treasures of stone carving art.

Aesthetic value

From the perspective of tourists, the aesthetic value of Yungang Grottoes is mainly reflected in three categories: natural beauty, social beauty and artistic beauty.

The natural beauty of the Yungang Grottoes lies in the carvings on the rock walls, the graceful shape of the grottoes, and the fact that it was once known as the sacred mountain. The beauty of society lies in the fact that the Yungang Grottoes provide Datong with a reference for physical architecture. American tourism development and construction. The beauty lies in the artistic charm created by writers and artists based on humanistic architecture.

There are 53 caves and more than 51,000 stone statues in Yungang. The tallest Buddha statue is 17 meters, and the smallest is only a few centimeters. Yungang Grottoes are famous for their majesty, rich content and exquisite carvings. The ancient geographer Li Daoyuan described it this way: Because of the rock structure, it is really majestic and rare in the world. A mountain hall, a water hall and a smoke hall are opposite each other. This is a true portrayal of the grand scene of the grottoes at that time.

While absorbing and drawing lessons from the Buddhist art of Gandhara in India, the Yungang Grottoes organically integrate the traditional Chinese artistic style and occupy a very important position in the history of world sculpture art. Today, they have become the envy and envy of Chinese and foreign tourists. Favorite tourist destination. Yungang Grottoes (a national key cultural relic protection unit) is one of the three largest grottoes in China and a world-famous art treasure house.

8. The tourism value of Yungang Grottoes

As far as archaeological excavations are concerned, there are four main ones.

Hosted by Japanese Mizuno Kiyoshi and others. In front of the Grottoes, Wuhua Grottoes and Tanyao Grottoes, contextualized layers from the Liao Dynasty and the Northern Wei Dynasty and the architectural remains they contained were discovered. Relics of Northern Wei Dynasty buildings were discovered on the top of the western grottoes and on the top of the eastern hilltop, and a Liao Dynasty architectural relic was excavated in Longwangmiaogou.

9. Travel rules for Yungang Grottoes

Yes, it is the same as for foreign tourists.

Introduction to Yungang Grottoes tickets

The listed price of Yungang Grottoes is 150 yuan/person (from March 1st to 1st every year) and the off-season ticket price of Yungang Grottoes is 120 yuan/person

Tickets for the Yungang Grottoes in Datong are based on Jin Price Fee Zi (2003) No. 87 Document Jin Price Fee Zi (2001) No. 136

1. Visiting tickets are RMB 130 each; 2.1.4 Children under meters are free;

3. Retired cadres are free with retirement certificates;

4. Active-duty military personnel are free with valid IDs;

5. Disabled people are free with disabilities The entrance fee is free;

6. Seniors aged 65 years and above with valid IDs are half-priced, and those aged 70 and above are free of charge; the half-ticket price of Yungang Grottoes is 75 yuan per person.

7. Students pay half ticket with valid ID. The student ticket price for Yungang Grottoes is 75 yuan per person.

2. The tour guide service of Yungang Grottoes is subject to the same price (2005) No. 46, which is 80 yuan per batch.

10. Yungang Grottoes tourist route

The Yungang Grottoes are located at the southern foot of Wuzhou Mountain, 16 kilometers west of Datong City, Shanxi Province.

Now the grottoes are excavated along the mountain

In March 1961, it was announced by the State Council as one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units; in December 2001, it was approved by UNESCO to be included in the World Cultural Heritage; In May 2007, it became the first batch of 5A tourist attractions in the country.