The main scope of trade between China and ASEAN and related data on trade between China and ASEAN ~ urgently needed ~ please help ~ I will add points for good answers.

The following points are the impact of RMB appreciation on China for reference:

1. From a national level, restarting exchange rate reform will accelerate the internationalization of the RMB. This exchange reform can be regarded as a supporting measure to further promote the internationalization of the RMB. Three days after announcing the resumption of exchange reform, the central bank jointly issued the "Notice on Issues Concerning Expanding the Pilot Program for RMB Settlement in Cross-border Trade" in conjunction with six ministries and commissions, including the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Commerce, the General Administration of Customs, the State Administration of Taxation, and the China Banking Regulatory Commission. The domestic pilot areas were divided into 5 cities have been expanded to 20 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions, and overseas geographical restrictions have been completely relaxed.

2. Restarting exchange rate reform is conducive to economic transformation and upgrading. On June 22, the national finance and taxation department decided to cancel export tax rebates for 406 types of "high, high, high, and capital" products in 6 categories, demonstrating the country's determination to continue to promote economic structural adjustment after the crisis. Promoting the reform of the RMB exchange rate formation mechanism will help guide the allocation of resources to domestic demand sectors such as the service industry, promote economic structural adjustment, improve the quality and efficiency of development, promote industrial upgrading, transform the economic development model, and reduce trade imbalances and the impact of economic growth on exports. over-reliance.

3. Restarting exchange rate reform will help curb domestic inflation. The results of the G20 meeting showed that there is greater uncertainty in the coordinated exit of international loose monetary policies, and the urgency to maintain stable domestic inflation levels has increased significantly. In this context, restarting exchange rate reform can not only reduce imported inflation, but more importantly, it can reduce the pressure on the central bank to passively inject money and ensure the mid- to long-term stability of price levels and financial markets. This is also an important step for China to move toward monetary policy independence. step.

4. It helps to change the structure of export products and increase the added value of products. In the long run, exchange rate reform is an excellent opportunity for our city to adjust its product structure and upgrade its industrial level. For export companies, rising costs will force them to eliminate outdated products and increase exports of goods with high added value. Companies will focus more on brand marketing and research and development. The pace of changing the growth pattern of foreign trade will accelerate.

5. Help expand import business. The appreciation of the RMB has reduced import costs. In addition, the appreciation of the RMB will reduce the overseas procurement costs of export companies, which can offset part of the decline in export revenue.

6. It is helpful to reduce the raw material procurement cost of enterprises

Currently, our country is the world’s largest buyer of commodities priced in US dollars. The appreciation of the RMB against the US dollar is conducive to reducing the cost of bulk raw materials. Domestic prices. Take iron ore as an example. In 2009, my country imported 628 million tons of iron ore. However, if the RMB appreciates to 6.6 yuan per US dollar, the same money can buy 663 million tons of iron ore. This will ease domestic imported inflation and suppress the rising PPI value.

7. The expected appreciation of the RMB is beneficial to foreign investment in domestic assets and the arrival of foreign capital

Due to the expected appreciation of the RMB, foreign investors will be more willing to invest in domestic assets; due to the expected appreciation of the RMB, foreign investors will be more willing to invest in domestic assets. Confirmed investment projects will tend to remit foreign capital as early as possible and convert it into RMB.

8. Saving the cost of overseas investment

The appreciation of the RMB has increased the purchasing power of Chinese enterprises on foreign exchange-denominated assets, which is conducive to saving the cost of overseas investment and increasing the feasibility of overseas investment.

9. It is helpful for the Chinese government and enterprises and institutions to attract talents

Talents who work for the Chinese government and enterprises and institutions should generally receive RMB salary income. The appreciation of the RMB has increased the relative wage income level of international talents, which is beneficial to the Chinese government and enterprises and institutions in attracting talents.

2. Challenges brought by the new exchange rate reform

1. It will have a greater impact on general trade exports

RMB appreciation will have different impacts on different trade methods. For our city's processing trade, which accounts for about 80% of total exports, the impact of RMB appreciation is not great, because the cost of processing trade is mainly calculated in US dollars. But for general trade, which accounts for about 20% of total exports, the impact is more obvious. From January to May this year, our city's general trade exports were US$11.06 billion, and the exchange rate changed from 6.82 to 6.79. The city's general trade export enterprises reduced their RMB income by 330 million yuan.

2. Low-tech, labor-intensive export industries face survival difficulties

From the perspective of export commodities, the appreciation of the RMB has a negative impact on our city’s textile and garment, light industry and other low-tech, Products with low added value, labor-intensive and low-cost advantages will have a greater impact. Export companies such as textile and light industry are generally in a state of low profit and are very sensitive to cost changes. A slight change in the exchange rate will seriously squeeze corporate profits or even cause losses.

3. It becomes more difficult for export companies to operate and costs increase

Under the "soft peg" of the RMB to the U.S. dollar, export companies can lock in the exchange rate and prevent risks by collecting foreign exchange in U.S. dollars. . The new exchange rate further clarifies that a managed floating exchange rate system will be implemented with reference to a basket of currencies, indicating that the RMB may rise or fall against any currency in the short term. This requires export companies to carefully analyze exchange rate trends and choose appropriate foreign exchange currencies for settlement. It is expected that the proportion of enterprises locking in exchange rates in advance through various forward exchange settlement products of banks will increase significantly. This increases business difficulty and costs for enterprises.

4. It has both negative and positive impacts on the export of tourism and other services

The price of Chinese services denominated in the currency of the overseas consumer’s location has increased due to the appreciation of the RMB, which has a negative impact on China's services exports have a negative impact. However, in the near future, due to the expectation of RMB appreciation and the existing slight appreciation of RMB, China's exports of tourism and other services may actually increase due to the new exchange rate reform.

5. The introduction of foreign investment is adversely affected

The appreciation of the RMB means an increase in the cost of foreign investment, reducing China’s competitiveness in attracting investment. Foreign investment in Suzhou is mainly concentrated in the manufacturing industry, and most of them are export-oriented enterprises. The appreciation of the RMB will have a negative impact on the exports of such enterprises. ?

6. The expectation of RMB appreciation creates a wait-and-see mood among overseas investment enterprises

Although the appreciation of the RMB can reduce the cost of overseas investment, the expectation of RMB appreciation will enhance the wait-and-see mood of enterprises in overseas investment. Because the continued appreciation of the RMB after investment will cause corporate investment accounts to suffer losses due to the exchange rate, companies hope to wait until the RMB appreciates sufficiently before investing overseas.

Analysis on industrial complementarity between China and ASEAN:

With China’s industrial structure adjustment and accelerated economic growth after joining the WTO, my country’s manufacturing industry in particular will develop rapidly, which will drive the Increased demand for energy and raw materials. Since labor-intensive industries account for a large proportion in our country, and most of this industry is the processing of raw materials and intermediate products, this will lead to an increase in the import of related raw materials and intermediate products. From the perspective of cost structure, ASEAN has a greater comparative advantage than my country in terms of food, agricultural and mineral products, energy, and electronic products. Therefore, it imports resources such as oil, natural gas, palm oil, natural rubber, and tropical wood from ASEAN. The number of primary products, components and semi-finished products of mechanical and electrical products such as electronic appliances will further increase. According to analysis, based on my country's average annual import growth of 10%, imports from ASEAN are expected to reach US$35.5 billion in 2005, an increase of nearly 1.7 times from US$13.3 billion in 2000, with an average annual increase of more than US$4 billion. If we calculate based on the 21% growth rate of imports from ASEAN since the 1990s, the import volume will greatly exceed the above figures. It can be seen that my country's accession to the WTO will provide broad market space and favorable opportunities for the export of ASEAN products. At the same time, my country's exports to ASEAN will also maintain a sustained growth momentum. This growth comes from products with comparative advantages in my country on the one hand, and products with potential advantages for ASEAN on the other. Compared with ASEAN products, my country's textiles, clothing, shoes, food, grains, building materials and other products have obvious comparative advantages. The import of these products accounts for 21% of ASEAN's total imports from my country. In the next few years, our country will still maintain these products. export advantages. In addition, my country's mechanical and electronic equipment, precision instruments, watches and clocks, vehicles, metal products and chemical products have potential advantages. From 1993 to 1999, ASEAN increased the import of the above products significantly, and the growth rate was much higher than the total import growth of similar products in ASEAN. rate, therefore, the share of these products in the ASEAN market will continue to increase.

Data released by the General Administration of Customs of China on January 10 showed that in 2011, the total bilateral trade value between China and ASEAN was US$362.85 billion, an increase of 23.9%, which was 1.4 percentage points higher than the overall growth rate of China's import and export during the same period. percentage point.