What is a tourist community?

In the field of tourism, as early as 1970s, some scholars began to discuss the process of community residents' participation in tourism development from the perspective of community. Butler (1975), Kent (1977), Cohen (1979), De Cadet (1979), Boissevain (1979), Smith (/kloc). Peter murphy was the first person who systematically studied community tourism and introduced the concept of community participation into tourism research. In his famous "Tourism: A Community Approach", Murphy formally and systematically studied the participation of community residents in the process of tourism development for the first time. Since 1990s, western tourism scholars have paid more and more attention to participating in tourism development. The internationally renowned academic journals of tourism, Yearbook of Tourism Research and Yearbook of Tourism Management, both set up special collections devoted to community tourism, which set off a new upsurge of related research. At the same time, the maturity of theoretical research on community participation and the accumulation of practical experience also make community tourism gradually grow into a new interdisciplinary subject with multi-professional participation, and the resulting tourism anthropology and tourism sociology have been widely recognized in various professional fields.

Since 1990s, domestic scholars began to pay attention to community participation in tourism development. In recent years, many scholars have begun to pay attention to the issue of community participation in tourism development in ethnic areas. Through the advanced search of CNKI, the limited search was conducted through the terms of "tourism", "competition" and "nationality", and the search was from 9 1994 to 2006. After further exclusion with keywords, * * * has 19 papers on community tourism participation in ethnic minority areas. From the content point of view, most of them focus on community participation in village tourism development in southwest minority areas, mostly static research, lacking panoramic dynamic research, and a few case studies are slightly weak; From the time point of view, the time of attention is not long, and the research results are mostly concentrated in the last two years; In terms of research methods, most scholars who studied this issue in the past were tourism scholars. In recent years, many scholars from sociology, ethnology and anthropology have also participated in the research on this issue, but unfortunately, there is no good multidisciplinary research, and most of them are case studies. The proposed participatory tourism development model is limited and lacks real innovation.

At present, there is no accepted definition of community tourism. In China, the definition given by Tang Shuntie (1998) is widely quoted: consider the construction of tourist destinations from the perspective of communities, guide the overall planning and layout of tourist areas with the theory of community interaction, improve the efficiency of tourism flow through the structure of tourist communities around lakes, and seek the coordination and optimization of economic, environmental and social benefits between tourism and tourist destinations. Community tourism provides a new way to realize the sustainable development of tourism web pages.