A glance at Hong 'an ancient city, ancient town and ancient village reproduces the rich cultural relics of this red land.

Hongan was originally named Huang An, and it was 458 years since Jiajing was forty-two years old in Ming Dynasty (1563). Hong 'an is not only rich in revolutionary historical sites, but also rich in cultural relics. Although Hong 'an County has not been established for a long time, it has a long history and rich ancient architectural remains.

The remains of the sites discovered in Hong 'an can be traced back to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. At present, there are the Peach Blossom Pagoda in the Song Dynasty, the Twin Cities Pagoda in the Yuan Dynasty and the Wu Temple in the Qing Dynasty. In this article, I only discuss the First General County in China from three levels: the ancient city, the ancient town and the ancient village in Hong 'an. There are not only famous revolutionary historical sites, but also ancient architectural remains with glorious lintels.

I. Remembrance of the Ancient City of Hong 'an (Huang An)

Hong 'an County is located at the southern foot of Dabie Mountain, formerly known as Jiangjiafan, and now known as Chengguan Town. It is located in the center of the county, surrounded by mountains. The mother river of Hong 'an runs through the city from north to south, near Jinsha Lake Wetland Park in the northwest, and close to the memorial site of Jute Uprising and Hubei, Henan and Anhui Revolution in the northeast.

standing at Jinsha lake dam in the western suburbs of the county, or climbing to the top of Biaozi mountain in the eastern suburbs of the county, you can look up at Hong 'an city, where there are many tall buildings and trees, showing a brand-new modern, fashionable and prosperous atmosphere. Back in time, in the center of this urban area, there used to be an ancient city that was simple, elegant, small and exquisite.

The establishment of counties and cities in Huang An in the Ming Dynasty was due to the orientation of Geng, a senior minister of the Ming Dynasty who was born in Huang An and was known as the "father of Huang An". Under his help, the court approved the allocation of some villages in Macheng, Huangpi and Huanggang, the new Huang An county government, and the county seat was built in Jiangjiafan, the center of the county.

The ancient city of Huang An starts from the southwest corner of Hong 'an No.1 Middle School in the northeast, reaches Datang Corner in the southeast, reaches the former site of the Old Cultural Palace in the southwest, and reaches the County Animal Husbandry Bureau in the northwest. According to the records of ancient county annals, the layout of the ancient city of Huang An County is reasonable, the architecture is exquisite, the momentum is magnificent and beautiful. The city wall is rectangular, and there is a complete moat outside the city wall. The circumference of the city wall is about 4, meters, and the height of the city wall is about six or seven meters. There are Kuixing Tower in the four corners of the city wall, and there are four gates in the east, west, north and south directions of the city. The tower is towering and the cornices are painted, and the weather is extraordinary.

There are two vertical and horizontal streets in the ancient city, with many streets and lanes strung together. I haven't verified the names of these two streets in the past. After liberation, the vertical street was called Minzhu Street, the horizontal street was called Shengli Street, and a small vertical street outside the East Gate was called Jiefang Street. There are three hills outside the ancient city, which are called Beimengang, Nanmengang and Dongmenggang, and their names still exist today.

Since the Ming Dynasty, this ancient city has been eroded by years of wind and rain, and has been devastated by war gunfire. Especially, it was bombed by Japanese planes, and the Kuomintang army tore down the wall to build fortifications. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it tore down the wall and expanded the city to the left, making this ancient city of more than 4 years disappear, even the moat disappeared.

in the middle and late 196s, when I was a junior high school student in Hong 'an No.1 Middle School, I was lucky enough to see a section of the remaining city wall in Beimengang, as well as the ancient test shed in the county party committee compound, the Confucius Temple in the county people's armed forces department, and the old courtyard house in County No.1 Middle School. I don't know if these precious historical relics are still there, so I can't verify them.

Hong 'an is my hometown. Although I have been away from home for decades, I still come back every now and then. I see the county town now, the urban area has expanded from one square kilometer to more than twenty square kilometers, and the population has expanded from four to five thousand to more than two hundred thousand. Although many place names in the past are still in use today, the times are changing and society is progressing.

Today, Hong 'an is not what it used to be. Homesickness is fading, new songs are loud, the ancient city has disappeared, the new city has risen strongly, and a brand-new modern, fashionable and prosperous city is presented to the world.

II. Tracing back to the ancient town of Hong 'an (Huang An)

According to county records, in Huang An in the late Qing Dynasty, besides the county seat, there were Qiliping Town, Taohua Town, Yinjiahe Town, Huajiahe Town, Luwang Town, Huangpi Station Town, Zhonghesi Town and Baliwan Town. At that time, there was no road traffic in the county, and the goods in and out were mainly transported by the inverted river, so Qiliping Town, Baliwan Town and Zhonghesi Town, which are near the river, were the most prosperous.

during the Republic of China, wars continued in the county and the market towns shrank. In the 193s and 194s, Qiliping, an important town in the north of the county, was cleared by the "national army" and bombed by the Japanese aggressors, causing heavy damage. Since this period, there has been highway traffic in Huang An County, and the layout of market towns has changed from along the river to along the road. Zhonghesi Town in the south of the county has declined into a village, while Yinjiahe along the Songbuhekou Highway has gradually developed into the later Yongjiahe Town.

In the early days of the founding of New China, the relatively large market towns in Hong 'an (Huang An) were Qiliping Town, Baliwan Town, Tongbai Town and Yongjiahe Town. In addition, the market towns that are slightly inferior are Tanshugang, Huajiahe, Qiaodian, Gao Qiao River, West Sanligang, Pavilion, Dongshangdian, Zhandian, Liziwan, Taohua, Xinji, Chestnut Garden, Rinse Valley, Miaozui Bay, Zuopodian, Dujia Pavilion, Mier Temple and Taiping Bridge.

from 195s to 197s, the market towns in Hong 'an County gradually recovered and developed. With the adjustment of administrative divisions, a number of former market towns turned into villages, and a number of district-level government offices grew and developed. The larger market towns in the county were gradually adjusted and shaped, and the market towns such as Qiliping, Baliwan, Yongjiahe, Mier Temple, Zhandian, Huajiahe and Dazhaojia stood out in the world, forming seven towns with the county as the center.

It is particularly worth mentioning here that Qiliping Town in the north of the county. This is a century-old star town. Changsheng Street in the town is more than 6 meters long, with blue bricks and tiles, slate floors and shops along the street. It is the business center of Hubei and Henan. During the Great Revolution, it was also the center of the revolutionary base area in Hubei, Henan and Anhui, and Changsheng Street and its surrounding buildings. Many of them were residences of various organs of the Red Army, and those humble low-rise houses were leaders of the Republic of China. Until today, the township has expanded to both sides of the Daoshui River, with a population of more than 2, people. The architectural style of the whole town is all in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, making it a veritable demonstration tourist town in China.

When it comes to the ancient town of Hong 'an, we have to talk about Baliwan Town in the south of the county. From the period of the Republic of China to the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was once the administrative center of the southern part of the county, and once governed the southern part including three communes: Bali, Taiping and Mier. It's not far from my hometown, Mier Temple. I remember that there is a street in Ming and Qing Dynasties in the township, and there is Hong 'an No.2 Middle School next to the township. Not far from the township, there is Wu's Temple, a national key cultural relic protection unit. At that time, Baliwan Town was a big town in Hong 'an County with a large population and a prosperous market.

finally, I have to talk about my hometown, Mier Temple Town. In Hong 'an, Mier Temple is not as prominent as Qiliping Town, nor as old as Baliwan Town, but it was once famous for a temple called Mier Temple, which made this small market town famous. Our home is about seven miles away from the old street of Mier Temple. The only "city" I visited before I went to the county for junior high school was Mier Old Street, a 5-meter-long old street paved with bluestone slabs, which left my childhood memories.

Nowadays, due to the rise of Mier Sancha Road, the town government moved to Mier Sancha Road, and Mier Old Street gradually declined. The Wuhan North Industrial New Town of Hongannan with Sancha Road as the center has developed rapidly, forming a "city" with an area of 126 square kilometers, and its scale momentum has surpassed the county.

Third, a probe into the ancient village of Hong 'an (Huang An)

Although Hong 'an (Huang An) has only been established as a county for more than 4 years, it has a long human history and is rich in architectural relics. It not only has hundreds of red relics, but also retains many traditional residential resources. At present, there are only eight national traditional ancient villages.

these traditional ancient villages are the roots and souls of Chinese culture, which not only become the new kinetic energy for Hong 'an to develop tourism industry and promote economic development, but also are the new landmarks for inheriting local culture and carrying forward the spirit of Hong 'an.

the national traditional ancient villages in hong' an county are zhulou village, tuwan village, huilongzhai village in Taiping town, ouqiao village in yongjiahe town, yufan village, chunshudian village, doushan village in baliwan town and bailinsi village in qiliping town.

Zhujialouwan in Zhulou Village is surrounded by mountains and waters, with more than 3 courtyards and 3 houses. After more than 6 years, it has been known as "the first village in Jingchu" and was selected as the seventh batch of famous Chinese historical and cultural villages in January 219.

Doushan ancient village is the most complete preserved village of ancient buildings in the Ming and Qing Dynasties in eastern Hubei, and it is also the "Founding Heaven Official's Gallery" inscribed by Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming Taizu. Wu's Ancestral Temple is a national key cultural relic protection unit, covering an area of 3, square meters, with a high level of internal architecture, woodcut, pottery sculpture and stone carving, and is known as "the first temple in eastern Hubei".

Stone Bay in Huilongzhai Village was built in the Ming Dynasty, and then it was built into two bays, the East Bay and the West Bay. However, the architectural style of the village is basically the same, with a blue brick front eaves, a dragon-shaped beast platform, a drum screen partition, and a courtyard in the hall. It sits west to east and is built around mountains. It is a typical horseshoe-shaped "round chair ground". Stone Bay has outstanding people. In history, there were two juren and four court officials with four grades or above.

Liu Yunsi Wan in Ouqiao Village has been selected as the shooting spot in six TV series, including Li Xiannian and Yichang Defence War, attracting more than 1, people from the cast and audience, and was selected as the third batch of ancient villages in 214.

The Dadong family of Yufan Village is close to Weidou Lake Reservoir, with beautiful mountains and beautiful waters and superior natural resources. It is a century-old village with natural landscape and humanistic culture.

The buildings in Chunshudian Village, Chengjiaxia House, are all in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and they still retain their original appearance. In recent years, it has attracted a large number of film crews to shoot here, among which many scenes of "Iron Blood and Red Security" were shot in the summer house of Chengjia.

Bailinsi Village is a famous revolutionary martyr village. The villagers moved here from Jiangxi for more than 6 years, with rich historical background and rich red cultural resources. Over the years, it has a strong atmosphere of promoting learning and attaching importance to education. In September 219, it was selected into the list of typical demonstration villages in beautiful countryside, Hubei Province.

in addition to the above-mentioned eight national-level ancient villages, there are many ancient villages in Hong 'an that are hidden in the mountains and unknown to people. For a long time, due to various historical reasons, there is a lack of attention to cultural heritage and insufficient protection, and the phenomenon of indiscriminate demolition and construction is frequent. Coupled with the loss of population, most of the ancient buildings are uninhabited, and problems such as collapse and fire occur frequently after years of disrepair.

Hong 'an ancient village is rich in remains, and its protection and development are imminent. First of all, we must raise people's awareness of ancient heritage protection, dredge funding channels through multiple channels, strengthen transportation and infrastructure construction, increase the research and planning of ancient villages, expand the propaganda of ancient villages, improve the visibility and attractiveness of ancient villages, and rationally develop ancient village tourism in protection, thus promoting the development of local economy, promoting protection through tourism, forming a virtuous circle mechanism, making ancient villages a new bright spot in rural tourism and realizing the sustainable development of ancient villages.