The lake has beautiful scenery and developed tourism, which reflects the value of biodiversity.

It belongs to the non-consumption use value in indirect value.

Biodiversity value:

(1) Direct value: also called use value or commodity value. It is the value formed by people directly harvesting and utilizing biological resources. Including consumption value and production value.

Consumption and use value: refers to the value of some natural products that are directly consumed without market circulation. Biological resources are very important for people living in the areas where these biological resources are produced. People get daily necessities such as firewood, vegetables, fruits, meat, fur, medicines and building materials from nature. Especially in some economically underdeveloped areas, using biological resources is the main way for people to make a living.

⑵ Indirect value: The indirect value of biological resources is related to the ecosystem function, which is not reflected in the national economic accounting system, but their value may greatly exceed the direct value. Moreover, direct value often comes from indirect value, because the harvested animal and plant species must have their living environment, and they are part of the ecosystem. Species with no consumption, production and use value may play an important role in the ecosystem and support species with use and consumption value (Chen Lingzhi, 1994). The indirect value of biodiversity includes four values: non-consumption use value, selection value, existence value and scientific value.

① Non-expendable use value: the protection of biological resources can bring more and more benefits to human society, which varies from region to region and from species to species. It can be roughly summarized as follows:

* Photosynthesis fixes solar energy so that it can enter the food chain through green plants, thus providing a maintenance system for harvestable species.

* The functions of ecosystem include pollination, gene flow, cross fertilization and reproduction, maintaining the environment and species effectiveness that have an impact on economic species to obtain beneficial genetic quality, maintaining the evolution process and maintaining the eternal tension between competitors in the ecosystem.

* Absorb and decompose pollutants, including organic wastes, pesticides and air and water pollutants.

:: Recreation and ecotourism. Refers to people's recreational activities in different ways by using biological resources. Carrying out tourism activities without destroying the natural environment is called eco-tourism. For example, bird watching in the wild, flower viewing and forest bathing. The value of these activities is also called leisure value. Worldwide, ecotourism can earn $654.38+0.2 billion. For example, in Canada, about 84% of the population participate in recreational activities related to wildlife (such as hunting, visiting zoos, traveling in protected areas, etc.) every year. ), it can create about 800 million dollars of income for Canada every year (Fillon et al., 1985). Jiuzhaigou, Sichuan, China, community management. In addition, eco-tourism has certain ecological education function.

* Protect soil: High-quality soil protected by natural vegetation and litter can maintain fertility, prevent dangerous landslides, protect the coast and river banks, and prevent siltation from damaging coral reefs, fresh water and offshore fisheries.

:: Regulating climate: Ecosystems can regulate macro-climate and local climate, including the impact on temperature, precipitation and airflow.

* Stabilize soil and water: The well-developed vegetation in the catchment can regulate runoff. The roots of plants go deep into the soil, making it easier for the soil to penetrate rainwater. Runoff in vegetation-covered areas is slower and more uniform than that in bare land. Generally, in forest-covered areas, floods can be reduced in rainy season, and rivers still have running water in dry season. For example, in the forest catchment area of Malaysia, the runoff per unit area is equivalent to about 50% of the peak runoff of rubber plantation and oil palm plantation. In the low peak period of runoff, it is about 1 times of plantation.

② Selection value: Protecting wild animal and plant resources and having as many genes as possible can provide more substitution opportunities for the breeding of crops, poultry and livestock. For example, a new lean pig is bred by crossing domestic pigs with wild boars. There are hundreds of different breeds of domestic chickens, all of which are original chickens. Extraction of anticancer drugs from Taxus chinensis and Taxus chinensis. Many wild animals and plants in nature may not be used by human beings for a short time, and their value is potential. Maybe our children and grandchildren can find their value and find ways to use them. Therefore, if we save one more species, we will leave an extra wealth for our descendants. )

③ Existence value: Although the direct value of some species is limited, their existence can bring some sense of honor or psychological satisfaction to the people in this area. For example, the giant panda, golden monkey and brown eared pheasant in China. They are rare animals unique to China, and people all over the country are proud of them. Panda has become a symbol of China.

④ Scientific value: Some animal and plant species are in a very important position in the history of biological evolution, and studying them is helpful to understand the process of biological evolution. For example, some remaining species (ginkgo biloba).