Common knowledge about Nanjing

1. Local knowledge of Nanjing

Local knowledge of Nanjing 1. Historical knowledge about Nanjing from ancient times to the present

In 211 AD, the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, Sun Quan moved from Jingkou to Moling. Renamed Jianye.

In 229, Sun Quan proclaimed himself Emperor Wu and returned the capital to Jianye from Wuchang. In 280, the Western Jin Dynasty destroyed Wu and renamed Jianye.

Later, it was renamed Jiankang to avoid the taboo of Sima Ye, Emperor Min of Jin Dynasty. In 317, Sima Rui ascended the throne as Emperor Yuan of the Jin Dynasty. The Eastern Jin Dynasty was formally established and its capital was Jiankang.

In 420, Liu Yu proclaimed himself emperor on behalf of the Jin Dynasty, the Song Dynasty was established, and the capital was Jiankang. In 479, Xiao Daocheng proclaimed himself emperor on behalf of the Song Dynasty, established Qi, and established Jiankang.

In 502, Xiao Yan proclaimed himself emperor on behalf of Qi, Liang established the country, and the capital was Jiankang. In 557, Chen Ba succeeded Liang and proclaimed himself emperor. Chen established the country and the capital was Jiankang.

Wu, Eastern Jin, Song, Qi, Liang, and Chen were collectively called the Six Dynasties, so Nanjing was called the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties. Today's Nanjing Library preserves the ruins of Jiankang City in the Six Dynasties.

During the Six Dynasties, Jiankang City was the largest city in the world at that time, with a population of one million. The economy is developed and the culture is prosperous, and the Zhengshuo of Chinese culture has been preserved in the south of the Yangtze River.

2. Interesting historical knowledge about Nanjing

During the Republic of China, the abbreviation for Beijing was Nanjing. The so-called Beijing-Shanghai Railway refers to the section from Nanjing to Shanghai. Now it is not only changed to Shanghai-Nanjing Railway, and Ning can only be ranked behind Shanghai. No wonder Nanjing people are unhappy about this.

During the Republic of China, Beijing was called Ping for short, because even the name of Beijing was changed to "Beiping". The Ping-Tianjin Battle, Ping-Sui Railway, and Ping-Han Railway all refer to Beijing.

The abbreviation of Nanjing, Ning, comes from an ancient name for Nanjing, "Jiangning". Jiangning is now just the name of a suburb in Nanjing, but Ning is used to refer to the entire Nanjing.

In 937 AD, the Southern Tang Dynasty named Jinling Prefecture as Jiangning Prefecture. In the Northern Song Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, it was also Jiangning Mansion. Jiangning is also the name of a county, either in the city or in the suburbs. Qing Dynasty and Shangyuan County are both the capitals of Jiangsu Province. The Republic of China abolished the government and Shangyuan, with Jiangning County as the provincial capital. *** *** The capital was established in Nanjing, and Jiangning was moved to the suburbs.

The history of the name switching between Nanjing and Beijing is really interesting.

In the early years of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang established Nanjing as his capital. The former capital of the Yuan Dynasty was changed to Beiping, which means the peace of the north, and was reduced to a general state capital. In the Yongle Dynasty, Zhu Di moved the capital to Peiping and changed Peking to Beijing. But the capital in the south did not dare to be abandoned easily, so two capitals were established. Beijing was also called Shuntian Prefecture, and Nanjing was called Yingtian Prefecture. This is the second time that China has a two-capital system after the east and west capitals in the Tang Dynasty. However, the two capitals are only equally important in theory, and people usually prefer to call Beijing the capital.

The Qing Dynasty made Beijing its capital, and Nanjing was changed to Jiangning, which means tranquility in the south of the Yangtze River. Although Jiangning was the residence of the governor of Liangjiang, its political status was naturally far different from that of the Ming Dynasty. As the only capital, Beijing has even removed the word "北" and is directly called the capital and capital. (Shenyang was only the companion capital, so the Qing Dynasty did not have a two-capital system) (In addition, the "Treaty of Nanjing" was actually the "Treaty of Jiangning" and was later changed to its current name)

Next came the Republic of China. Dr. Sun Yat-sen took a special train from Shanghai to Nanjing to take office on New Year's Day in 1912. The Provisional Presidential Palace was located in the Liangjiang Governor-General's Office in the Qing Dynasty, and the ruins still exist today. Later, after more than ten years of warlord rule, from 1927 to 1949, the Communist Party of the Republic of China once again established its capital in Nanjing. Beijing (the capital) was changed to Peking.

Nanjing, the capital of the Republic of China, was ravaged and occupied by the Japanese within a few years; eight years later, "China, Czech Republic, Japan, Nanjing, Chongqing, and Chengdu"; and three years later, Nanjing was liberated and transformed from the capital to A municipality directly under the Central Government, and then became the capital of Jiangsu Province.

During the Japanese invasion of China, Peking was once designated by the Japanese as the future capital of China. This mission was fulfilled by the great GCD. In 1949, Peiping was renamed Beijing as the capital of New China.

Thanks to New China, Nanjing was not changed to Jiangning and the word "京" was still retained. Although the current status of Nanjing is not as good as that of Jiangning during the Qing Dynasty, although the word "京" in Beijing has completely covered the meaning of the word "北".

3. Basic knowledge of Nanjing tourism (English answer)

I recommend a three-day tour arrangement for you, and you can decide from it:

Day 1: Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum , Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, Purple Mountain Observatory, Nanjing Museum, Meiyuan New Village, Xuyuan (Presidential Palace), Hunan Road Night Market

The next day: Taicheng, Xuanwu Lake, Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, Yuejiang Tower , Jinghai Temple, Tianfei Palace

The third day: Chinese Brocade Village, Memorial Hall of the Victims of the Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders, Mochou Lake, Chaotian Palace, Yuhuatai, Zhonghua Gate Castle, Confucius Temple

Shopping is in Xinjiekou, including high-end Golden Eagle, Oriental Mall, Jinling Hotel, Deji Mall, and Ocean Department Store. For ordinary shopping, go to Xinbai Store\Central Shopping Mall.

..

List of "New Jinling 48 Scenes":

1. Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum

2. Xiaoling Tomb of Ming Dynasty and Meihua Mountain

3. Purple Mountain Observatory

4. Yuhuatai

5. Xuanwu Lake

6. Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge

7. Confucius Temple and Qinhuai Scenic Belt

8. Qixia Mountain

9. Yuejiang Tower

10. Presidential Palace

11. Mochou Lake< /p>

12. Zhonghuamen Wengcheng

13. Memorial Hall of the Victims of the Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders

14. Linggu Temple

15. Jinghai Temple and Tianfei Palace

16. Pearl Spring

17. Stone City and Qingliang Mountain

18. Yunjin Museum

19 , Yangshan Stele

20, Ganjiaxiang Southern Dynasty Stone Carvings

21, Drum Tower and Dazhong Pavilion

22, Taicheng, Jiuhua Mountain, Cockcrow Temple

23. Yanziji

24. Tangshan Hot Spring

25. Tangshan Ancient Ape Man Cave

26. Rouge River and Tiansheng Bridge< /p>

27. Gucheng Lake and Gaochun Old Street

28. Niushou Mountain

29. Zhongshan Botanical Garden

30. Erling Tombs of the Southern Tang Dynasty

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31. Zhanyuan Garden

32. Ming Palace Museum Ruins

33. Chaotian Palace

34. Meiyuan New Village Memorial Hall

< p> 35, Gan's former residence

36, Jiangxinzhou

37, Fangshan Leaning Tower

38, Shigu Road Catholic Church

39. North Building of Nanjing University

40. Republic of China Mansion Area, Yihe Road

41. Site of Longjiang Bao Shipyard

42. Laoshan National Forest Park

43. Guizi Mountain Stone Pillar Forest

44. Tomb of King Bo Ni

45. Jinling Sutra Carving Office

46. Nanjing Museum

47. Jingjue Temple

48. Fujiabian Modern Agricultural Ecological Park

4. What are the special festivals in Nanjing

The Jinling Lantern Festival, also known as the Qinhuai Lantern Festival or the Confucius Temple Lantern Festival, is a traditional folk custom activity widely spread in Nanjing.

Nowadays, a large-scale lantern exhibition is held in Nanjing Confucius Temple between the Spring Festival and the Lantern Festival every year. It is one of the most famous lantern festivals in China. The lanterns go up on the eighth day of the lunar month and go down on the 18th day of the lunar month.

The Lantern Festival is the highlight of the Jinling Lantern Festival. Viewing lanterns during the Spring Festival is one of Nanjing’s traditional customs. Nanjing people have a saying: “If you don’t watch lanterns at the Confucius Temple during the New Year, you won’t have a good New Year; if you don’t buy a lantern at the Confucius Temple, you won’t have a good New Year.”

< p> In the old days, "lighting up the Lantern Festival and putting down the lantern noodles" was a food custom during the Lantern Festival in Nanjing. Time: Every year from the 30th day of the Lunar New Year to the 18th day of the first lunar month. Location: Confucius Temple area. Climbing the city. On this day every year, Nanjing people go to the city with their families or friends to see the sights. As the saying goes, it is called "walking away from all diseases" and "stepping into peace".

In the past, tourists mainly climbed the four gates of Sanshan, Shicheng, Jubao (Zhonghua) and Tongji. Now only the Jubao Gate (Zhonghua Gate) can be climbed.

In the first month of the year in Nanjing, the weather is getting sunny again. Going out for a walk, changing the fresh air, and rejuvenating the spirit are not without benefit to the body. Time: The 16th day of the first lunar month. Location: China Gate Festival. There is a folk song in Nanjing that says, "On March 3rd, the shepherd's purse flowers compete with the peonies. If a woman doesn't wear it, she has no money to use it. If a woman wears it, the warehouse will be full of grain."

On this day, people pick vegetables. Boiled eggs with shepherd's purse flowers are said to cure headaches. The Shangsi Festival began in the Six Dynasties and the Eastern Jin Dynasty. People hung shepherd's purse flowers on doors, stoves or beds, and women wore shepherd's purse flowers on their heads to ward off disasters.

Time: The third day of the third lunar month. Nanjing International Plum Blossom Festival is one of the most lively festivals in Nanjing. At that time, thousands of plum blossoms will be in bloom on Meihua Mountain in the eastern suburbs, and thousands of Nanjing residents and tourists from other places will flock to Meihua Mountain to enjoy the flowers and view the scenery.

The sea of ??thousands of people and the fragrance of flowers are spectacular. During the plum blossom appreciation period, many festival activities are launched, such as exhibitions of plum blossom calligraphy and painting works, large-scale singing and dancing performances, lectures on plum culture knowledge, "Hands in Plum Blossom Mountain" little angel garden activities, "I Choose Plum Blossoms as the National Flower" signature event, etc.

Time: Every year from the end of February to mid-March Location: Meihua Mountain China·Gaochun International Slow City Golden Flower Tourism Festival Go to Gaochun to see the most famous Yaxi rapeseed flowers, rapeseed flowers and peach blossoms blooming in the rural fields , pear blossoms, pink walls, dark tiles, cornices and Huizhou architectural villages complement each other, forming a beautiful human landscape. Time: late March to early May Location: Gaochun.

5. If you know anything about Nanjing Confucius Temple, please help me, urgent

Nanjing Confucius Temple is the Confucius Temple. It was built in the Song Dynasty and is located next to Gongyuan Street on the north bank of the Qinhuai River. The Confucius Temple uses the Qinhuai River in front of the temple as the Panchi, and the stone brick wall on the south bank as the screen wall, with a total length of 110 meters, which is the longest screen wall in the country. Every year from the first day to the eighteenth day of the first lunar month, the Confucius Temple Lantern Festival is held here, which is very lively.

In 1985, the Nanjing Municipal Government restored the ancient building complex of Confucius Temple and renovated the cityscape around the Confucius Temple. Many shops, restaurants, and snack bars were renovated into Ming and Qing styles, and the buildings facing the river were renovated. The Gongyuan Street area has been built into an antique tourist, cultural and commercial street; the Confucius Temple has restored its old appearance while showing a new look.

The Nanjing Confucius Temple complex is composed of the Confucius Temple, the Academy, and the Jiangnan Gongyuan. It is the essence of Qinhuai scenery. Mingyuan Building is one of the buildings in Gongyuan. It is located in the middle of Gongyuan. It was originally used to monitor the behavior of candidates for examinations and whether there were any passing joints among the officers in the courtyard. "Mingyuan" means "Pursue the distance with caution, and return to the original with enlightenment".

There is a banner with three gold characters "Mingyuan Tower" hanging on the gate of Gongyuan, and the "Jinling Gongyuan Relics Stele" is embedded on the outer wall, which records the rise and fall of Gongyuan. Now it is the most famous pedestrian commercial district in Nanjing, a gathering place for Nanjing snacks, and the most flavorful place of old Nanjing.