What's the common sense about Turkey?

Capital: Ankara

Area: 783,600 square kilometers

Population: 70.497 million (2007)

Ethnic composition: Turks account for more than 80% of the total population of China, followed by Kurds, Arabs, Armenians, Greeks and Georgians.

Language: Turkish is the national language, and 98% of the residents speak Turkish.

Currency: Turkish lira

National Geographic

Turkey is the westernmost country in Asia. It spans Asia and Europe. Adjacent to Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Greece and Bulgaria. Near the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Malahi is located between the two parts of Turkish territory, with a total length of 250 kilometers. About 70 kilometers wide; The Bosporus Strait, which connects the Black Sea and Marathi, is about 30 kilometers long and 550-3200 meters wide. The Daniil Strait, 65 kilometers long, connects Marathi and the Aegean Sea. The width is 1300 ~ 7500m. Bosporus Strait and Da Daniil Strait are also the passages for countries along the Black Sea to go to sea. Turkey's topography is mostly plateau and mountain, with high terrain in the east, low terrain in the west and long and narrow plains along the coast. The main part of Asia is the Anatolian Plateau, with an altitude of 800 ~1200m. In the north, there are the Qu Lei Mountains and the Krolu Mountains. At an altitude of 2000~2500 meters, there are many subsidence basins in the western mountainous areas. To the south of the plateau is Jinniu Mountain. The terrain of the Armenian plateau is steep, and the Great Ale Mountain (extinct volcano) is 5 165 meters above sea level, which is the highest peak in Turkey. In the western plateau of Anatolia, the mountains and the coast directly intersect. The main rivers in Turkey are the upper reaches of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and the Kaiser River. Kaiser River is 1 150 km long and is the most important river in Asia Minor Peninsula. The main lake in the territory is Fanhu in the east, which is the largest lake in Turkey. There is Tuzi Lake in the middle. Turkey has a large ferrochrome reserve, which is 654.38+ 1 100 million tons. The reserves of boron trioxide are about 70 million tons, ranking among the top in the world. The coastal areas of Turkey belong to the subtropical Mediterranean climate. The inland plateau is relatively dry. Transition to tropical grassland and desert climate, with large temperature difference. The annual precipitation is 600~800 mm.

The origin of the name of Turkey

Turkey's name comes from the fact that its main residents are Turks. The word "Turkey" is transformed from the meaning of "Turkic". In Tatar, the word "Turkic" means "brave" and "Turkey" means "the country of brave people".

Ankara

Ankara is the capital of Turkey with a history of at least 3,000 years. Ankara, located in the middle of Anatolia Plateau, is the second largest city in Turkey. The capital of Turkey was originally Istanbul. At the beginning of the 20th century, Kemal led the Turkish people in the bourgeois revolution, and Ankara was designated as the capital after the victory of the revolution. Ankara is famous for its political center and commercial development, and it is also one of the main wheat producing areas in Turkey. Ankara goat and its fur are world famous. There are many relics in the city, such as the temple of Augustine, the bathing place of caracalla the Great and so on.

Istanbul

Istanbul is Turkey's largest city, seaport and industrial and commercial center. The capital of Istanbul province. It has a long history. Founded in 658 BC, it is located at the eastern end of the Balkan Peninsula, on the west bank of the southern mouth of the Bosporus Strait, and on the promontory between Jinjiao Bay and Marmarahi. Known as Byzantium in ancient times, it was rebuilt into the capital of the Roman Empire in 330 AD and named Constantinople, or New Rome. 1453 After the Turks took it as the capital of the Ottoman Empire, it was originally called Istanbul. 1923, Turkey moved its capital to Ankara, and Istanbul became the official name. Now, the urban area has included the south-central banks of the Taiwan Province Strait, the northern shore of Marathi connected with it, and UsKudar on the east side of the Taiwan Province Strait. It has become the only big city in the world that spans Europe and Asia. Because it leads to the Black Sea, it has been a battleground for military strategists since ancient times. There are roads and bridges connecting the two sides of the Taiwan Province Strait. Istanbul is a tourist attraction with many mosques, so it is called the city of temples. The most famous is the Blue Mosque. Istanbul is the terminal of the eastern railway and the starting point of the Baghdad railway. The famous Orient Express started from Paris and finally arrived in Istanbul.

Ancient city of Troy

The ruins of the ancient city of Troy are located at the northwest end of Turkey, at the foot of the gentle castle hill. According to ancient Greek legend, in the12nd century BC. Paris, Prince of Troy, kidnapped Helen, Queen of Sparta, while visiting Greece. To this end, the Greeks expedition to Troy and attacked for more than nine years. Finally, the strategy of Odysseus, a military think tank, was adopted. Hide a group of elite soldiers in the belly of a huge wooden horse, put them outside the city and pretend to retreat. Trojan horses were dragged into the city as trophies. At night, soldiers quietly got out of the wooden horse and opened the gate. The Greek army occupied the city. Homer's Iliad vividly depicts this point. It is a well-known masterpiece in the world literature and art, and the ruins of the ancient city of Troy are typical pastoral scenery in the Aegean region.

Tigris

The Tigris River is the second largest river in West Asia, which originates in the eastern mountainous area of Turkey and joins the Euphrates River in Gourtay to form the Arabian River. Enter the Persian Gulf. Long1950km, with a drainage area of 375,000km2. Famous for irrigation since ancient times, there are steamboats under Baghdad. Together with the Euphrates River, it forms the "Tigris-Euphrates River System", also known as the Arabian River System. It is the most important water system in West Asia, including the confluence of Tigris River, Euphrates River and Arabian River. The culture of Mesopotamia for five or six thousand years was based on irrigated agriculture. At present, the irrigation areas in the middle and lower reaches of the two rivers are the primary agricultural areas in Iraq, with many irrigation canals and dams. The shipping value is mainly in the Tigris River. Ships can sail to the port of Basra on the Arabian River.