What are the characteristics of Chengdu as a tourist city?

Based on the central city of Chengdu and its development and change law, this paper analyzes the reasons for the formation of regional tourism center-edge structure. The change of the development model of regional tourism center-fringe structure in Chengdu is that the tourism elements are highly concentrated in the central city, resulting in the increase of tourism costs and the decrease of tourism income, thus making the tourism elements spread and transfer from the central city to the marginal towns rich in tourism resources, forming secondary and secondary tourism centers. The further development of the center-edge structure is closely related to the change of tourism form in regional tourism and the positioning of tourism function, culture and economic structure of tourist towns in marginal areas. The improvement of the development of cultural resources and the transformation of tourism forms at different levels to leisure tourism will promote the redistribution of tourism elements, thus changing the center-edge structure of regional tourism in Chengdu.

Key words: edge structure of urban tourism center, redistribution of tourism elements, change of tourism form, opening of cultural resources

First, the so-called regional tourism refers to the tourism radiation area formed around a central city. Urban tourism is accompanied by urban tourism, which is a process of diffusion and radiation from the city to the suburbs and from the tourist center to the surrounding tourist attractions. In addition to its own tourist attractions, the central city mainly plays the role of transportation, service and tourist distribution center in regional tourism, while the tourist attractions in the surrounding areas mainly play the role of the final destination. In 2002, Chengdu received 72179,700 domestic tourists and 667,200 inbound tourists, with a total tourism revenue of 38.02 billion yuan, of which Chengdu received 28,087,300 domestic tourists, accounting for 39% of the province. The number of inbound tourists is 4010.2 million, accounting for 60% of the province, and the total tourism revenue is17.509 billion yuan, accounting for 46% of the province. It can be seen that Chengdu's dominant position as a tourist center city in Sichuan is an existing mode of tourism economic and cultural center-marginal structure.

Secondly, the initial situation of resources and the redistribution of tourism elements in urban tourist areas determine the development speed of central cities and marginal tourist towns, but the cultural and economic form of urban tourist areas determines its development direction. Due to the strong cultural and economic attraction and influence of the central city, it strongly shapes the cultural and economic forms of the surrounding tourist attractions. The way in which the central city influences the surrounding towns is influenced by historical changes, cultural exchanges, administrative jurisdiction, traffic network, traffic links and other factors. The cultural and economic structure of the surrounding tourist attractions and the functional orientation of the towns determine the development trend and speed of the urban tourism fringe.

Within the scope of regional tourism, the greater the difference in cultural and economic structure between secondary tourist towns and central cities, the simpler their cultural and economic orientation and tourism value orientation, and the more likely they are to form secondary tourist centers. Because the cultural and economic orientation and urban value of central cities are often diversified, including political, economic, social, cultural, transportation and other functional values. For example, until the 1990s, Chengdu's traditional urban positioning was "three centers and two hubs", that is, "an important scientific and cultural center, business center, financial center, transportation hub and communication hub". In addition, we should vigorously develop high-tech industries and emerging industries to attract foreign investment. Cultural and tourism industries that deviate from the mainstream of this city's positioning are naturally greatly restricted. This situation often restricts the way of tourism development. For example, Dujiangyan holds a summer beer festival every year on the banks of the Minjiang River, which passes through the city, occupying a lot of traffic roads and public space, while Chengdu can't make wine at the Jinjiang River in the city center because of the heavy traffic. Huanglongxi town, Shuangliu County, Luodai Town, Longquanyi, a suburb, holds Dragon Boat Festival and Water Dragon Festival every year, but Chengdu also lacks the conditions to play dragons in the streets. Another example is the Jinsha site of the ancient Shu culture in Chengdu and the coffin burial site of the Warring States in the commercial street, all of which are important archaeological discoveries and have extremely high tourism value. However, due to their high land value in the city center, the surrounding protected areas should not be too large. At present, the site park designated by Jinsha site covers an area of about 0.3 square kilometers, and only a small area of tourism products can be developed. The protected areas around Sanxingdui site in Guanghan can reach as many as 10 square kilometers, which will leave a broad space for the future development of tourism in Guanghan. When the secondary tourist center city develops to the stage of multi-value development, its tourism value function will be weakened, and the proportion of industry, real estate and other functions in the city will gradually increase. For example, Dujiangyan, Leshan and other cities are faced with the choice of transforming from a single functional city to a multi-functional city.

Generally speaking, due to the existence of marginal cultural and economic structure, the tourism elements in the urban tourism radiation area are constantly redistributed. The motivation and factors of redistribution are closely related to the divergence or convergence of tourism resources in urban tourist areas. Divergent urban tourism will make tourism elements spread from central cities to marginal towns, thus forming multiple secondary and secondary tourism centers in urban tourist areas. The redistribution of tourism elements is also closely related to the complexity of urban culture and economic functions. The simpler the cultural and economic orientation and tourism value of a town, the easier it is to transfer the tourism elements of a central city and develop it into a secondary tourism center. The change of tourism form and the degree of development and utilization of cultural resources also affect the diffusion and transfer of tourism elements in urban tourist areas. The higher the degree of cultural resources development in different levels of scenic spots, the faster the transformation of tourism form to leisure tourism, and the faster the transfer and reconfiguration of tourism elements. The regional tourism in Chengdu is constantly developing on the basis of this center-periphery cultural and economic structure and its influence on the redistribution of tourism elements, which will have a significant impact on the future development of tourism in Chengdu and even Sichuan.