How to analyze the grammar of this sentence? They have the money to pay for the trip. They have enough money for the trip.

A: They have the money to pay the travel expenses.

They have enough money to pay for the trip. It is more important to learn to translate English directly and understand English structure correctly than to translate it alive when you know the meaning. Your translation is that their money is enough for the trip, and the language effect is correct. Of course, it is also the correct translation. The subject and object of the original text are "they have money", which means they have money. Sufficiency is an adjective, so, because adjectives are generally used as attributives to modify nouns, a single adjective is usually placed before the modified nouns, for example, this leads to intestinal infection and cannot absorb enough nutrition from food. This leads to inflammation of the stomach (stomach inflammation) and can't absorb enough (or enough) from food. Look: absorb enough nutrition from food-> absorb enough nutrition from food. "Adequate nutrition" here refers to a single adjective as an attributive modifier noun. At this time, the structural order or position of adjectives and modified nouns is the same as that of Chinese, but if phrases or sentences are used as attributes, they must be placed after the modified nouns, and some adjectives should be placed after the modified nouns even if they are used as attributes. Such adjectives are called post adjectives, for example:

Some adjectives that begin with a- are often used as attributes and predications, and should be placed after the attribute. These adjectives mainly include sleeping (asleep), being afraid (afraid), being alive (alive), floating (floating), being on fire (burning), being awake, aging, burning (burning) and so on. For example:

He was the only one alive at that time. He was the only one alive at that time.

I was only a ten-year-old boy at that time. At that time, I was just a ten-year-old child.

There is a child on the bed. A child is sleeping in bed.

On their way home, they saw a house on fire. On their way home, they saw a house on fire.

We saw many things floating. We saw many things floating.

In Chinese, whether a single word or phrase or sentence is used as an attribute, it is always placed in front of the modifier noun. For example, Chinese: the person lying under the tree, here "lying under the tree" is the attribute that modifies "that person" To learn English well, we must first understand the position of the structural components of the mother tongue. A very, very difficult point of English is that English written in a straight line is not correctly understood according to the straight line structure like Chinese, and words, phrases, sentences and even subject-predicate objects are not always "unfolded" in a straight line. That is, it is not necessary to write the subject first and then the predicate, or the object is just behind the predicate verb. Only by mastering the knowledge of the arrangement position of English sentence structure can we understand English correctly, learn English well and finally understand English for translation.

Principle: All phrases and sentences used as attributes must be placed after modifiers. In the above sentence, "enough to pay for the trip" is an adjective phrase, which is used as an attribute to modify the former noun "money", so it is placed after the modifier noun. Knowing this truth should be translated into Chinese, the position should be reversed, and the money spent on the trip should be translated into: enough money. As for why the preposition for is used here, it is because the basic meaning of this preposition is "Yes ……", which means: enough … In fact, prepositions in English are also one of the biggest difficulties in learning English. Prepositions cannot exist alone. We should understand that according to logic, prepositions are effectively associated with that kind of words. Prepositions are sometimes associated with nouns to indicate the state of nouns, such as the above: they have money for travel expenses, and prepositional phrases have two possible travel expenses. First, there is contact with them. Second, this is related to sufficient funds. According to logical common sense, this is impossible: they have enough money to pay for the trip. Therefore, prepositional phrases are associated with adjectives-"enough" ... which means: enough. In fact, we need to know the attribution of modifiers. Adjectives and nouns are essentially nouns in sentences. A single adjective must have its noun attribution in a sentence, such as the red adjective "red"-we must know that the red word "red something" is meaningful, that is, we must know which specific noun an adjective modifies in order to fully understand the meaning of an adjective! Like knowing red paper. Red cars and so on. All right. Let's analyze the ownership of adjectives in the above sentences:

Enough money to cover the travel expenses-> This can be understood as: money is the cost of travel. Ad quent is an adjective to modify the noun is money, so the adjective belongs to money. So: this money is the cost of the trip. But this writing is obviously too verbose or redundant, so the noun money after the adjective is omitted. Another example is that his pen is red. Therefore, there is a self-evident rule: the simplicity of English sentences or structures is also a very popular and main principle of English structures, such as: something easy to reach = something easy (for people) to reach.

Key question: preposition, preposition is a very flexible word in English. It often appears in the form of prepositional phrases, which can modify nouns as attributes, verbs as adverbials, prepositional phrases with adjectives to modify nouns, another prepositional phrase with prepositions, and verb phrases with verbs. At this time, a preposition has no specific meaning. For example, look after means "look after". Prepositions sometimes have the same meaning as verbs. Simply put, prepositions can form an organic connection with almost any word. The specific use of prepositions is restricted by specific language factors or logic, the shape and nature of prepositions and nouns, the way of action of verbs and objects after verbs, the state between prepositions and prepositions, the contents of prepositions and preposition objects, and so on. This is also a reason why prepositions are difficult to master. Prepositions are sometimes not unique, and different prepositions can be used in the same sentence to express the same meaning. However, sometimes it is almost a habit to use any preposition in other people's language writing. The above factors will be limited, so that the author can choose the appropriate preposition to write Chinese-English translation, or correctly understand the preposition in the English original text and do a good job in English-Chinese translation. Therefore, it is no wonder that some people say that a person's English level can be known only by his mastery of prepositions-by the frequency and accuracy of his writing prepositions in English. On the contrary, a correct understanding of prepositions in English can solve many seemingly intractable problems in grammar, thus actually finding a correct analysis for a correct understanding of English grammar and structure.

Some of the above viewpoints are purely my own English learning experience.