Brief introduction of Hangzhou Bay Bridge

Hangzhou Bay Bridge is 36 kilometers long, including 35.7 kilometers. As a two-way six-lane expressway, the design speed is100 km/h. The total investment is about 654.38+007 billion yuan, and the design service life is more than 6543.8+000 years. The bridge has two navigation holes in the north and south. The North Navigation Span Bridge is a steel box girder cable-stayed bridge with twin towers and double cable planes with a main span of 448m, with a navigation standard of 35,000 tons. Nantong Aviation Bridge is a steel box girder cable-stayed bridge with single tower and single cable plane, with a navigation standard of 3,000 tons. The connecting line between the two sides of the bridge is 84.4 kilometers long, with an investment of 5.265438 billion yuan. Among them, the north connecting line is 2.9 1 km, and the investment is10.78 billion yuan; The south bank is 55.3 kilometers long with an investment of 3.43 billion yuan. The total investment of the bridge and the cross-strait connecting line is about 654.38+0.4 billion yuan, and the actual construction period is 43 months.

The bridge structure is a double-tower reinforced concrete cable-stayed bridge with six lanes in both directions, with a design speed of 100 km, a design service life of 100 years and a construction period of 5 years. When completed, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Bridge will become the longest and largest sea-crossing bridge in the world.

The bridge has two passages, namely, the North Passage Bridge is a rhombic steel box girder cable-stayed bridge with twin towers and double cable planes with a main span of 448 meters, and the navigation standard is 35,000-ton ships. Nanhang Road Bridge is a type A steel box girder cable-stayed bridge with single tower and double cable planes, with a main span of 3 18m and a navigation standard of 3,000-ton ships. The remaining approach bridges adopt prestressed concrete continuous box girder structures ranging from 30 meters to 80 meters. Non-navigable holes are divided into three blocks: north, middle and south approach bridges, some of which are 32 kilometers long.

The concept of landscape design was first introduced into the design of Hangzhou Bay Bridge. With the help of the aesthetic concept of West Lake Su Causeway, the landscape designer determined the general layout principle of the bridge, taking into account the complex hydrological environment characteristics of Hangzhou Bay and the psychological factors of drivers and passengers while driving. "Long Bridge Sleeping Wave" was finally determined as the final bridge type of Hangzhou Bay Bridge in Ningbo. According to the design scheme, the bridge has four turning points at sea. Seen from the air, it meanders through Hangzhou Bay in an "S" shape, which is beautiful and lively. From the facade, the bridge is not a horizontal line, but undulating. There is an arch at the navigation hole bridge of the north-south passage, which makes the bridge have an undulating facade shape.

In addition, the unique platform of Hangzhou Bay Bridge is the first time in China. Nanhang Road is further south 1.7km, about 14km from the south bank. There is a platform in the sea with an area of 10000 square meters, which is enough for two football fields. The platform will be used as a construction platform and a stronghold for offshore construction during the construction period. After the completion of the bridge, this platform in the sea is a rescue platform for maritime transportation services and an excellent sightseeing platform. There is a tall sightseeing tower on the platform, overlooking the rough sea, enjoying the sea scenery and the magnificent appearance of the bridge. The whole offshore platform is connected with the bridge through ramp bridge, about150m away from the bridge.

In addition, this maritime "Changhong" will be the first "digital bridge" in China. Scientific research institutions will establish a scientific evaluation system for the design, construction and maintenance of the bridge, and build the Hangzhou Bay Bridge into a "digital bridge". The whole bridge will be equipped with a central monitoring system, with an average of every kilometer 1 pair of monitors, and every move of the whole bridge is in the "eye" of the central monitoring system. In this way, not only the bridge can be scientifically and reasonably maintained and managed, but also the "physical" health state of the bridge can be controlled in time.

It is reported that the Hangzhou Bay Bridge is different from ordinary bridges in that two safety factors are considered in the design: first, the safety factor of expressway vehicles, usually the straight line section cannot be too long; Second, the safety factor of ships sailing under the bridge can reduce the influence of bridge construction on water flow and ensure that the bridge axis of each section of the bridge is perpendicular to the mainstream of high tide and low tide. These are also the main reasons for the "S" shape of the bridge, and at the same time, it makes this oriental dragon crossing the natural moat of Hangzhou Bay more attractive.

Hangzhou Bay Bridge started construction on June 4, 20031kloc-0/5: 40, and the deck pavement was completed on June 30, 2007 165438, and was completed and opened to traffic on May 0, 2008.

Bridge highlights

The total length of the bridge is 36 kilometers, which makes it surpass world famous bridge, such as Chesapeake Bay Bridge and Bahrain Embankment Bridge, and become the longest cross-sea bridge built or under construction in the world.

According to preliminary verification, the bridge * * * needs 769,000 tons of steel, cement 1.29 1.000 tons, petroleum asphalt 1.65438 tons, wood 1.9 1.000 cubic meters and concrete. The 50-meter * 16-meter box girder in Nantan adopts the technology of whole-hole prefabrication and large-scale flat car transportation, which sets a new record for transporting heavy beams at home and abroad.

The 70m * 16m box girder of the approach bridge in the underwater area adopts the integrated scheme of full-hole system, transportation and erection, and the single girder weighs 2 180 tons, ranking first in China. The diameter of steel pipe piles driven into the approach bridge in the underwater area is 1.5- 1.6m, and the pile length is about 80m, totaling more than 4,000 steel pipe piles, which is the highest in the history of bridge construction in China.

1.7km south of Nanhang Road, about 14km from the south bank, there is an offshore platform with an area of1.2000 square meters. During the construction period, the platform will serve as a living base for offshore operators and a platform for maritime rescue, survey, communication and maritime monitoring. After the completion of the bridge, this platform in the sea is a rescue platform for maritime traffic services and an excellent sightseeing platform for tourism and leisure.