Introduction to famous buildings in Fujian?

Speaking of famous buildings in Fujian, the most famous ones are Qingjing Temple, Taining Danxia Landform, Wuli Bridge, Nanjing Tulou and other Fujian landmark buildings. Fujian, referred to as "Min", is the provincial capital of Fuzhou. It is located on the southeast coast of China, adjacent to Zhejiang Province in the northeast, Jiangxi Province in the west and northwest, Guangdong Province in the southwest, and facing Taiwan across the Taiwan Strait in the east. The longest length from north to south is 530 kilometers, and the longest width from west to east is 480 kilometers. Fujian Province currently has 9 prefecture-level cities: Fuzhou, Putian, Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Longyan, Sanming, Nanping, and Ningde, and 1 Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Zone. The following is relevant Fujian architectural information compiled by Zhongda Consulting for architects. The specific content is as follows:

Fujian's famous building - Wuli Bridge

Introduction to Wuli Bridge:

< p>Wuli Bridge, also known as Anping Bridge, is the longest existing stone bridge in ancient China and a masterpiece of ancient Han bridge architecture. It is located on the bay between Anhai Town, Jinjiang, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, and Shuitou Town, Nan'an, Quanzhou City. It enjoys the reputation of "no bridge in the world is as long as this one". It is a national key cultural relic protection unit. Because Anhai Town was called Anping Road in ancient times, it got its name; and because the bridge is about 5 miles long, it is commonly known as Wuli Bridge. Anping Bridge is an ancient Chinese continuous-beam flat stone bridge. It was built in the eighth year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1138) and took 14 years to complete. It was rebuilt many times during the Ming and Qing dynasties. The bridge is the longest beam-type stone bridge in the world in the medieval times and the longest existing seaport stone bridge in China. It shows the ingenuity of the ancient Han working people and the brilliant achievements of bridge construction. In 1961, Anping Bridge became one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units announced by the country.

Fujian's famous building - Wuli Bridge

Wuli Bridge architectural introduction:

The total length of Anping Bridge is 2070 meters, and the bridge deck is 3 to 3.8 meters wide. ***361 tricks. The bridge piers are made of granite strips stacked vertically and staggered, and come in three different forms: rectangular, single-sided boat-shaped, and double-sided boat-shaped. The unilateral boat-shaped piers are pointed at one end and square at the other, and are located in slow harbor channels; the double-sided boat-shaped piers are pointed at both ends to facilitate drainage, and are located in main harbor channels with rapid and wide currents. The bridge deck is paved with 4 to 8 large stone slabs. The stone slab is 5 to 11 meters long, 0.6 to 1 meter wide, 0.5 to 1 meter thick, and weighs 4 to 5 tons, with the largest weighing 25 tons.

There are 5 pavilions built on the bridge, with Shuixin Pavilion at the east end and Haichao Temple at the west end. The middle pavilion in the middle is the largest, with a width of 10 meters. There are 16 steles of bridge construction in the past dynasties around it. Standing in front of the pavilion are two bridge-protecting generals, 1.59 to 1.68 meters tall, wearing helmets and armor, holding swords in their hands. The sculptures are majestic and are stone sculptures of the Song Dynasty. Among the three pavilions, there are two rain pavilions. There are stone guardrails on both sides of the bridge deck, with lions, toads and other images carved on the column heads. There are four symmetrical square stone towers and a round tower built in the water on both sides of the bridge. There is a white pagoda built at the entrance of the bridge, 22 meters high, made of bricks, five floors, hexagonal in plan and hollow, which reflects the diligence, wisdom and artistic creativity of the ancient Han working people.

Fujian's famous building - Wuli Bridge

The architectural history of Wuli Bridge:

According to ancient book records

According to "Jinjiang County Chronicle" : "The boundary between Jinjiang and Nan'an was crossed by boat in the old days. In the eighth year of Shaoxing in the Song Dynasty, the monks and ancestors started to build a stone bridge. In the past 21 years, Zhao Lingjin completed it. There were 362 waterways (that is, three waterways). One hundred and sixty-two holes), eight hundred and ten feet long, one foot and six feet wide..."

Zhao Lingjin, who was in charge of the construction of the bridge at that time, was happy to build the longest bridge in the world and wrote a poem: For Asking about Anping Road, the night has come to an end; there are no dogs barking in the house, but there is smoke in the door and lane; the moon shines on the newly cultivated land, and the mountains are constantly harvesting; the plum blossoms welcome my smile, and the book reports to Xiaodong Jun;

According to the Ming Dynasty The numbered "Anhai Zhi" states that in ancient times, Anhai people were good at traveling across the ocean to develop maritime trade. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Shang Ze led the rivers and lakes and traveled all over the world. There were pearls in the South China Sea and emeralds in Yueshang. They were the place for tattoos. , the country of carved inscriptions, omnipotent... This all shows the prosperity of overseas trade in Anhai during the Song Dynasty. The rise of Anping Bridge is a physical symbol of developed overseas transportation and social and economic prosperity at that time. At the same time, we can also see the architectural wisdom of the working people of Quanzhou.

Guo Moruo left a poem

Contemporary poet Guo Mo came to Anping Bridge for a few years and left a poem: Wuli Bridge became an overland bridge, and all traces of Zheng Fan's old residence disappeared; The heroic spirit lasts through the ages, and the spirit of work is in the sky; I don’t believe in Jun Mo’s true dream, but I love to watch Mingyan puppet cakes; Who can recognize the pride of returning to Taiwan, and open up the first place in Jingzhen!

Zheng Chenggong’s hometown

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The "Anping Bridge" spans the bay between Nan'an County and Jinjiang County, the hometown of Zheng Zhilong (Zheng Chenggong's father). The other end of the bridge is Anhai Town. Anhai was called "Anping Road" in ancient times, and the name "Anping Bridge" came from this. It was renamed Shijing Town in the Song Dynasty, and Anhai Town in the Ming Dynasty. Later, after Zheng Zhilong opened his mansion in Anhai, it was renamed Anping.

Later, Zheng Zhilong’s son, the famous national hero Zheng Chenggong, lived in Anping after returning to China from Japan at the age of seven. Zheng Chenggong’s Japanese biological mother, Matsuko Tagawa, also died in Anping. After Zheng Chenggong crossed the sea and expedition to Taiwan to drive away the Dutch, in order to commemorate his hometown and mother, he changed the name of Zeelandia, the center of Dutch rule, to Anping, which is today's Anping District of Tainan City, Taiwan. .

Historical Achievements

The "Anping Bridge" was built on the initiative of Huang Hu, a local wealthy businessman in the Song Dynasty who donated 30,000 yuan (one min [mín], that is, consistent, a thousand yuan) , started in 1138 and completed in 1152, the project lasted fifteen years. At that time, China had just experienced major changes such as the Jurchen tribe's invasion of the Jin Kingdom, the fall of the north, the capture of Hui and Qin, and the Song Dynasty's capital move to Hangzhou. In such a turbulent political situation, the people were still able to carry out such a huge project as the "Anping Bridge". It can be seen that the prosperity of the southeast coastal economy, industrial and commercial development, and social stability in the Song Dynasty can all be attributed to the booming overseas trade.

Huang Hu, a wealthy businessman who advocated the construction of the "Anping Bridge", made his fortune by operating overseas trade. Huang Hu was born in 1086 AD (the first year of Yuanyou, Zhezong of the Northern Song Dynasty). He studied and studied essays since he was a child. He originally aspired to an official career. When he was seventeen, he took the imperial examination but failed. Later, he changed his profession to study business. At the age of 20, he followed his uncle Gao Jichang to Guangdong to do business, and then crossed the sea to Bo Ni (now Brunei) to develop. At the age of thirty, he returned to his hometown in rich clothes and opened twelve shops in Anhai neighborhood, mainly selling rice, fruits and vegetables, and groceries, and to a lesser extent, catering, seafood, and delicacies. He became the richest man in Anhai.

Huang Hu read a lot of books and loved games played by scholars such as seal script, chess, poetry and riddles. He was known as the tiger general in the riddle world. I like to make friends with eminent monks. I often go to Longshan Temple to drink tea and discuss Zen with eminent monks. I don’t feel tired after chatting all day long. Because Huang Hu was enthusiastic about public welfare, his neighbors elected him as "Li Zheng" (Li Chief) in 1132. He "encouraged farming and mulberry cultivation, emphasized industry and commerce, promoted Yixue, established a pharmacy, established a baby hall, promoted martial arts, and punished evil , ban gambling, improve the appearance of the city, strictly enforce the streets and drums, and protect the military clearly," we will conscientiously build the place and benefit the township.

In 1138, Huang Hu donated 30,000 yuan to advocate the construction of "Anping Bridge". Halfway through the project, Huang Hu unfortunately died of illness in 1144 (the fourteenth year of Shaoxing, Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty) at the age of fifty. At the age of eight, he was given the title of "Jinjiang County Lieutenant" as the honorary county magistrate after his death. Huang Hu has always been enthusiastic about public welfare. In addition to advocating the construction of "Anping Bridge", he also donated land to build Shijing Academy and donated funds to renovate Anhai Longshan Temple during his lifetime.

After Huang Hu's death, his son Huang Yi inherited his father's ambition and continued to preside over the construction of "Anping Bridge". By 1152, the entire bridge was finally completed. The descendants of the Huang family in Tonglin Village, Anhai Town, regard Huang Hu as their first generation ancestor. Zheng Zhilong's aunt Huang Cishen and stepmother are both descendants of Huang Hu.

Fujian's famous building - Wuli Bridge

Wuli Bridge architectural attractions:

Quanzhou Kaiyuan Temple

The most famous Kaiyuan Temple It is its east and west towers, the "Zhenguo Tower" in the east and the "Renshou Tower" in the west. They are more than 40 meters high and are the tallest pair of stone towers in my country.

Chongwu Ancient City

Chongwu Ancient City Scenic Area is a characteristic tourist scenic area integrating coastal scenery, historical relics, folk customs and sculpture art. It has always been called the "natural studio" by the world. [2] Chongwu Coast is known as one of the eight most beautiful coastlines in China.

Qingjing Temple

Qingjing Temple is also known as Aisuhazi Temple. Located on Nantumen Street in Quanzhou City, it is the oldest Islamic temple in my country. It was first built in the second year of Dazhong Xiangfu (1009) in the Northern Song Dynasty, which was the 400th year of Muharram. It was originally named "Temple of Holy Friends" and was renovated in the third year of the Yuan Dynasty (1310) by Ahama, a Jerusalemite. It has been rebuilt since then and still maintains the appearance of when it was first built.

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