The Qinling Mountains are a wetland ecosystem

The Qinling Mountains are a typical wetland ecosystem.

1. The Qinling Mountains is the most typical alpine wetland ecosystem. The wetland ecosystem not only includes the southern part of Shaanxi Province, the mountains between the Weihe River and the Hanjiang River, it is bounded by the Bahe River and Danjiang River Valley in the east and ends in the west. Jialing River. Rather, it includes the Qinling Mountains, an east-west mountain range that runs across central China. It starts from Baishi Mountain in the north of Lintan County, Gansu Province in the west, and enters Shaanxi via Maiji Mountain in the south of Tianshui in the east. It is divided into three branches at the junction of Shaanxi and Henan. The northern branch is Xiaoshan, and the remaining branch extends eastward along the south bank of the Yellow River, commonly known as Mangshan; the middle branch is Xiong'er Mountain; and the southern branch is Funiu Mountain. The most representative Youran Mountain Alpine Wetland Scenic Area in China's Qinling Mountains is located in Bamu Village, Chengguan Town, Ningshan County, covering an area of ??135 square kilometers. It is an original ecological alpine wetland tourist attraction such as Shaanxi wild crabapples and wetland red willows. Shaanxi Province already has 11 national wetland parks, ranking first in the country in terms of number.

2. The Qinling Wetland Ecosystem, about 1,600 kilometers long, is the watershed between the Weihe River, a tributary of the Yellow River, and the Jialing River and Hanshui River, a tributary of the Yangtze River. Due to the differential changes in temperature, climate, and topography between the north and south of the Qinling Mountains, the Qinling Mountains-Huaihe River line has become the most important north-south dividing line in China's geography and is the largest wetland ecosystem affecting the ecological environment in the northwest.

1. Weihe River: The largest first-class tributary of the Yellow River, originating from Niaoshu Mountain in Weiyuan County, Dingxi City, Gansu Province. It mainly flows through Tianshui, Gansu Province, Baoji, Xianyang, Xi'an, and Xi'an in the Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Province. Weinan and other places, it flows into the Yellow River in Tongguan County, Weinan City.

2. Hanjiang River: the largest first-level tributary of the Yangtze River. It is named Yangshui at its source. It is called Mianshui when it flows through Mian County (now Mian County). It is called Hanshui when it flows eastward to Hanzhong. The section from Ankang to Danjiangkou was called Canglangshui in ancient times. It is also known as Xiangjiang and Xiangshui below Xiangyang.

3. Jialing River: Originates from Daiwang Mountain in Feng County, Shaanxi Province, at the northern foot of Qinling Mountains. The main stream flows through Shaanxi Province, Gansu Province, Sichuan Province, and Chongqing City, and joins the Yangtze River at Chaotianmen in Chongqing City.

4. Luohe River: the longest river in Shaanxi Province. It originates from Caoliang Mountain at the southern foot of Baiyu Mountain, flows from northwest to southeast into the Wei River, and passes through two major terrain units, the Loess Plateau and the Guanzhong Plain.

3. In the Qinling Wetland Ecosystem, wild animals include giant pandas, golden monkeys, takin and other rare species, and birds include crested ibis and black stork, which are national first-class protected objects. The Qinling Mountains also harbor countless mammals such as serows, gorals, wild boars, black bears, forest musk deer, muntjacs, hedgehogs, bamboo rats, flying squirrels, and squirrels, as well as the most abundant species of pheasants in the world. Ethnic group. There are great differences in animals between the north and south of the Qinling Mountains. There are 23 species distributed with the Qinling Mountains as the northern boundary, accounting for 42% of the total number of mammals. Among the mammals south of the Qinling Mountains, there are many southern elements, such as the Fahrenheit's chrysanthemum bat, golden monkey, giant panda, pig badger, big civet, small civet, clouded leopard, takin, Sumatran antelope, porcupine, etc. There are only 8 species of mammals distributed in the north of the Qinling Mountains, accounting for 10% of the total mammals. The main species include white-throated bats and yellow rats.

4. The Qinling wetland ecosystem is rich in plant resources. It is known as "a collection of northern and southern plants and a northern and southern biological species bank". There are many specialty products, such as walnuts, persimmons, chestnuts, fungus, walnuts, chestnuts, and persimmons. The output ranks first in the province, and walnut output accounts for one-sixth of the country. It is also a nationally famous "natural medicine storehouse." There are about 70 families, 210 genera, and more than 1,000 species of woody plants in the Qinling Mountains angiosperms. Among them, evergreen broad-leaved woody plants account for 38 families, 70 genera, and 177 species. Except for a few tree species, they grow on the southern slopes, while on the northern slopes There are only 21 genera and 46 species. There are 1,119 types of Chinese herbal medicines, 286 of which are included in the national "Chinese Herbal Medicine Resource Survey". To the south of the Qinling Mountains, subtropical iconic plants such as citrus, tea, tung trees, loquats, and bamboos can all grow well. However, to the north of the Qinling Mountains, citrus disappears, but temperate fruits such as apples and pears are abundant.

The Qinling wetland ecosystem has outstanding biodiversity, forming a complete and excellent ecological chain, which plays an important role in adjusting the ecological balance of nature.