What controls the biological clock? Will it fail?

The biological clock of human body: The process of human life is complex and wonderful, and a charming "symphony of biological rhythm" is played all the time. This is what people usually call the biological clock. Biological clock, also known as biological rhythm, refers to the phenomenon that organisms change periodically at any time, including physiology, behavior and morphological structure. Scientists have found that biological clocks are various. As far as the human body is concerned, more than one hundred species have been found. The biological clock has a great influence on people's health. The rest and rest of the whole human being in a day and night cycle, the physiological indexes of the human body, such as body temperature, blood pressure and pulse; Physical strength, emotion, intelligence and women's menstrual cycle; Signals in the human body, such as brain waves, ECG waves, meridian potentials, changes in human electromagnetic fields, etc., will change periodically with the change of day and night. No one denies that this series of phenomena has nothing to do with human health. Science has found that when the biological clock is disordered, human beings and even all life are prone to illness, aging or death. Some people's biological clocks have been relatively stable for decades and they are in good health. Once the biological clock is broken and in a state of disorder for a long time, it will produce various discomforts or diseases, and some even endanger life. It is said that the trademark of European famous jujube whisky is the head of a long-lived old man who lived 152 years old. At that time, the king of England wanted to see the long-lived old man, so he invited him to the palace to eat, drink and have fun to show his hospitality. Who knows, because the law of life was suddenly changed, the old man died a week later. In our life, there are also some old people's health. They have worked all day for decades and become healthier and healthier. One day, due to their filial piety, they were given a rest time to "enjoy the rest". As a result, they either felt uncomfortable or could not afford to get sick. Some newly retired old people are not as healthy as when they go to work, which is related to the sudden change of biological clock. We believe that young people should understand, discover and master their biological clocks as soon as possible, and then gradually adapt to them so that they can play a positive role. The elderly should maintain the biological clock formed in decades, and don't change it easily, so as not to cause biological clock disorder and affect physical and mental health. Filial sons and daughters, don't let the old man indulge your's filial piety easily. According to a survey, in a health care and rehabilitation center for the elderly, several 90-year-old people were in normal physical condition and mental state at home, and their children sent them to the center to get good medical security. However, in less than half a month, all these old people died "disease-free". Whether this has anything to do with the old man's biological clock being changed, we can't get into it. However, we believe that understanding, mastering and adapting to the biological clock will help to maintain and improve people's physical and mental health.

How to adjust the biological clock?

In winter, people's appetite has increased, but this does not mean that the human body needs more calories in winter, which is caused by the change of the operation of the "hormone clock" when the climate is cold.

Scientific research has found that cold in winter affects the endocrine system of human body, which increases the secretion of thyroxine and adrenaline, thus promoting and accelerating the decomposition of protein, fat and carbohydrate, enhancing the body's ability to keep out the cold, resulting in excessive loss of heat. Therefore, nutrition in winter should be based on increasing heat energy, and foods rich in carbohydrates and fats can be properly ingested.

For people who are weak and have no serious diseases, according to their own physical conditions, they can appropriately choose some foods with the same origin of medicine and food, such as red dates, Euryales, Coix seed, peanut kernels, walnut kernels, black sesame seeds, lotus seeds, yams, lentils, longan, hawthorn, caramel and so on. With nutritious food, it can achieve the purpose of keeping out the cold and nourishing.

For obese people, winter is a good time to lose weight and control obesity. At this time, obese people should eat less dinner and arrange lightly. Because the nutrients ingested by the human body are easy to be converted into fat and stored at night, at the same time, there is little activity at night. If the dinner is rich, it is easy to cause blood lipids to rise and deposit on the blood vessel wall, laying a hidden danger for arteriosclerosis.

Women should increase their intake of inorganic salts and vitamins in winter, especially calcium and iron. Old people, children, people with weak constitution or patients with chronic consumptive diseases have poor physiological cold tolerance, and the cold is a great threat to them, especially the need for high-quality protein. Protein, fat and carbohydrate should keep a reasonable proportion, accounting for 13%- 15%, 25%-35% and 60%-70% respectively.

Old people should often eat coarse grains, miscellaneous grains and potatoes in winter. Such as corn, buckwheat, oats, sweet potatoes, potatoes, goat's milk, rabbit meat, animal liver, animal blood, tofu, sesame paste, brown sugar, shrimp, shrimp skin, colorful leafy vegetables, etc. are all suitable for winter eating.

In addition, winter tonic to keep out the cold, adjust the diet at the same time, should be cold-resistant exercise, enhance adaptability. If we ignore the physiological cold tolerance of human body, blindly rely on food to keep out the cold, and eat too much food and alcohol with high calorie, energy and fat, it will cause and aggravate cardiovascular diseases. And after a winter, you may grow more fat, which will bring many adverse effects to people who are already fat or have poor cardiovascular function. Therefore, in winter, we should insist on proper exercise, such as Tai Ji Chuan, walking and playing ball games, which can promote metabolism, speed up the whole body blood circulation, enhance the digestion and absorption of nutrients in the gastrointestinal tract, and truly achieve the goal of eating out benefits.

How to adjust the biological clock

After a long period of review and preparation, many candidates have formed the habit of staying up late. Some people are even too lazy to get excited until around 10: 00 in the morning. If you are still in this physiological state when you arrive at the college entrance examination, it will be very unfavorable. You should pay attention to adjusting your biological clock.

The biological clock of human body is a long-term physiological reflection. If you want to adjust to the best state, you should start about half a month before the exam. The first exam of the college entrance examination usually starts at 9 am. If candidates want to ensure that they have enough energy and moderate excitement, they should arrange their daily life completely according to the schedule and gradually adjust their biological clocks during the college entrance examination.

The first step is to get rid of the habit of staying up late and not sleep late the next morning. Specifically, you must go to sleep before 22: 00 every night and get up around 6: 00 ~ 6: 30 the next morning. After getting up and washing, exercise, read a few pages of review materials, and then have breakfast at around 7: 30. In this way, around 9 o'clock, the whole person has gradually entered an excited state. In order to adapt to the exam, candidates can find some papers and try to do them between 9: 00 and 1 1. In this way, you can review and feel moderately nervous.

After lunch, candidates should also rest for about an hour according to the needs of the college entrance examination before reviewing. So that they are in a moderately excited state every time they take an exam.

Why don't you wake up on time every day without an alarm clock? Why do spiders always spin webs at midnight when chickens crow? Why do geese fly south in groups in late autumn and swallows return in spring? Why do the leaves of Albizia Albizia always bloom against the morning sun? Why is a woman's menstrual cycle just like the moon? The life process of living things is complex and wonderful, and the rhythm of living things is always playing a fascinating "rhythm symphony".

In recent years, chronobiology holds that the life of organisms and even plants moves periodically with the alternation of day and night and four seasons, revealing the periodic rhythm of physiological activities. Ancient medicine regarded heaven and earth as a big universe and human body as a small universe, which means that the big and small universes are closely connected. Most activities of healthy people show a circadian rhythm, which is suitable for the 24-hour cycle formed by the regular rotation of the earth, indicating that the circadian rhythm is synchronized by the periodic changes of the external environment (light intensity and temperature). Such as body temperature, pulse, blood pressure, oxygen consumption and hormone secretion level, all have circadian rhythm changes. The structure of biological approximate clock is called "biological clock". The periodic rhythm is called the "day clock" of 24 4 hours, the "month clock" of 29.53 5 days and the "year clock" of 12 February. The study of chronobiology reveals that the life activities of plants, animals and even people have a "lasting", "self-winding" and "self-adjusting" biological clock.

The biological clock works by periodic oscillation like a clock, and its working rhythm is not affected by the surrounding environment, so it is considered that its periodic oscillation rhythm is endogenous or carried out independently in different organs. The existence of biological clock is of great biological significance, which can make organisms adapt to periodic environmental changes, especially migration, foraging, mating and childbearing, which are of great significance for survival and reproduction, and even make arrangements in advance. For example, glucocorticoids have risen before getting up in the morning, so be prepared for daytime activities in advance. The biological adaptability is limited, and the physiological cycle can only follow the external periodicity within a certain range. When the deviation is too large, the external environment changes and causes the stimulation to be too strong and too weak, which makes the physiological oscillation become deviant, interferes with the normal operation of the biological clock, causes the disorder of the rhythm position of different organs of the individual, destroys the orderly cooperation, and will cause some diseases.

In recent 10 years, biological research has told us more and more clearly that the circadian rhythm is formed under the control of the central nervous system. 1972, the researchers proved that the suprachiasmatic nucleus in front of the hypothalamus acts as the central pacemaker of circadian rhythm. Clinically, it is observed that the destruction of human brain tumors including suprachiasmatic nucleus can lead to the collapse of sleep-wake cycle. There are at least two circadian pacing points in primate brain, one of which is suprachiasmatic nucleus, and the other has not yet been determined.

Why are ordinary students admitted to famous universities, while top students are not in Sun Shan? Why do young people who have always been civilized suddenly quarrel with others? It turns out that the human body has a biological clock, and the intellectual, emotional and physiological cycles are 33 days, 28 days and 23 days respectively. These three "clocks" have obvious ups and downs, and they all have high tide periods, low tide periods and critical periods in their respective operations. If the three rhythms of the human body run to the climax, it shows energy, quick thinking, optimistic mood, strong memory and understanding, which is a good opportunity for study, work and exercise. At this time, the pregnant child must be a smart and talented child. In this period, increasing study and exercise often gets twice the result with half the effort. Students are easy to get good grades in exams at the climax of rhythm, writers are easy to show "inspiration", and athletes are easy to break records during this period.

On the contrary, when the three rhythms are running in the critical or low tide period, they will be manifested as decreased endurance, depressed mood, slow response, forgetfulness and distraction. At this time, it is easy to have car accidents and medical accidents, and it is difficult to get results in the exam. The onset of the elderly is often at the low tide of the emotional clock, and the death time of many diseases happens to be on the double critical day and the triple critical day of the three rhythms of intelligence, physical strength and emotion. Knowing the key days and low tides of one's three rhythms can make psychological preparations as early as possible, overcome difficulties with tenacious will and high sense of responsibility, and spend the key days and low tides safely.

How to calculate the high tide, low tide and critical period of your intellectual, emotional and physiological clocks? Here is a simplified algorithm:

(1) Calculate "Total Days" first, that is, calculate the total days from birth date to calculation date. Formula: t=(365.25× years) x. Where "t" represents the total number of days and "x" represents the number of days other than years. For example, if someone was born on June 5th, 1935, 1987, 1987, calculate the biological rhythm of this day, t=(365.25×52)-259= 18734 (day

(2) Calculate the "remainder" again, and divide the total days calculated before by 33, 28, and 23 (the days of intelligence, emotion, and body rhythm cycles respectively. ) and then get the remainder. Pay attention to the manual calculation, not the computer. 18734/33 = 567 ...23 (intelligent clock remainder) 18734/28 = 669...2 (emotional clock remainder)18734/23 = 814 ...

(3) After finding the remainder, if you only need to know what period the calculation day is (high tide period, low tide period and critical period), the simplest method is to adopt the "control method of dividing the number of cycle days by 2", also called the half-cycle method: 33/2 = 16.5 ... (the number of half-cycles of the smart clock) 28/2 =/kloc-0. If it is more than half a cycle, it runs in the low tide period; If the number is close to half a week or the whole week and the remainder is zero, it is a critical period. Knowing one's running cycle of "intelligence, emotion and physical strength" can give full play to one's advantages in the high tide period and make preparations as early as possible in the key low tide period to prevent accidents.

In the above example, the remainder of the intelligence clock: 23 > 16.5 is the low tide period; Emotional clock remainder: 2 < 14.0 is the climax; The remainder of the physical clock is 12 > 1 1.5, and the number is close to half a period, which is a critical period.

The theory of three-rhythm period of human biological clock refers to the fluctuation of a person on his own "horizontal line". When the three-rhythm period of human body is in a critical period or low tide period, people do feel mental decline, emotional instability and physical fatigue, but people are rational and responsible. We know our critical period and low tide, and there is no need to be afraid of it, let alone use the low tide or critical period of the biological clock as an excuse. In order to reduce the accident rate, drivers with double rhythm and triple rhythm should be replaced to do other jobs, or be reminded to drive carefully to overcome the discomfort on key days with a high sense of responsibility. Of course, drivers in the high tide are careless and think that nothing will happen if they drive indiscriminately, which is absolutely wrong.

The biological clock aging mechanism at least includes the following aspects:

(1) The amplitude of biological rhythm decreased. The function of various tissues and organs decreases, for example, the atrophy of nerve tissue leads to the slowdown of nerve conduction speed, the weakening of digestion and absorption function and the decline of liver detoxification function; Myocardial atrophy, cardiac function decline, such as aldosterone, testosterone, luteinizing hormone circadian rhythm amplitude decreased significantly or disappeared in the elderly. When the biological clock is in high tide, it can also offset the decline of these functions, but when it is in low tide or critical period, it is in danger of pathological changes and death.

(2) The steady state of biological rhythm is seriously damaged. Night shift workers' body temperature and blood pressure are higher at night than during the day, and their sleep is reversed day and night, which has accumulated over time and destroyed the biological rhythm to some extent.

(3) The effect of synchronous factors (lifestyle, photoperiod and regular eating) is weakened. Due to retirement, long-term living habits do not adapt to changes, and the time spent outdoors in the sun is reduced, which interferes with the emotional rhythm. The aging of the body is related to the weakening of synchronization factors.

Man and nature are a unified whole. Only by adapting to its changes and adjusting in time can people stay healthy. The laws of climate change in the four seasons are spring temperature, hot summer, cool autumn and cold winter, as well as the great classics of heaven and earth in spring, long summer, autumn harvest and winter storage. The secret of longevity of sages is to adapt to the ups and downs of yin and yang according to the natural operation law of heaven, earth, sun, moon and stars, and adopt the health-keeping method of "nourishing yang in spring and summer and nourishing yin in autumn and winter" to make themselves healthy and live longer. Long-lived old people have lived a regular life. Although things are often unsatisfactory in real life, those who live long can maintain the dynamic balance of synchronization factors in the pace of life by being optimistic and correctly handling contradictions, which has an inestimable effect on delaying aging.