Geological environment management

I. Prevention and control of geological disasters

During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, we will conscientiously implement the Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Geological Disasters in the State Council (the State Council Order No.394), the National Emergency Plan for Sudden Geological Disasters (Guo Ban Han [2005] No.37) and the Procedures for Quick Disposal of Geological Disasters by the Ministry of Land and Resources (Guo Tu Zi Fa [2005] No.88). According to the requirements of the Regulations on the Protection of Geological Environment in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,

(1) Overview of Geological Disasters

During the tenth five-year plan period, there were 457 geological disasters in the whole region, including 345 landslides, accounting for 75.5% of the total disasters; There were 76 mudslides, accounting for 16.6% of the total number of disasters. 54 people died because of the disaster, among them, 45 people died because of landslides, accounting for 83.3% of the total number of deaths due to the disaster; Debris flow caused five deaths, accounting for 9.3% of the total number of deaths due to disasters. The economic loss caused by the disaster was10.53 billion yuan, of which the economic loss caused by landslide was1.10.00 billion yuan, accounting for 72.57% of the economic loss caused by the disaster. The economic loss of debris flow is 3.991.54 million yuan, accounting for 26.04%. See table 5- 1 and figure 5- 1.

During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the direct jurisdiction of Yili Prefecture had the most geological disasters, with a total of 365 cases, accounting for 79.9% of the total number of disasters. 47 people died because of the disaster, accounting for 87.0% of the total number of deaths due to the disaster; Economic loss 1. 1 1 100 million yuan, accounting for 72.3% of the economic losses caused by the disaster. See Table 5-2.

(two) geological disaster prevention and control deployment, inspection and emergency investigation.

In view of the development and distribution characteristics of geological disasters in Xinjiang, at the beginning of each year, the prevention and control of geological disasters are deployed in advance by issuing a notice or holding a video conference, and the annual prevention and control plan of geological disasters in the autonomous region is compiled in time, which is submitted to the people's government of the autonomous region for approval and implementation, so as to guide the prevention and control of geological disasters in the whole region. Carry out inspections of disasters and dangers before and during the flood season, establish and improve the network of group monitoring and prevention, pay close attention to local meteorological changes, strengthen monitoring and forecasting of disaster points and hidden dangers, and improve the ability of monitoring and early warning of geological disasters. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, * * * set up 15 patrol inspection working group and 19 emergency investigation working group, with a total of 135 person-times, lasting14/day, with a journey of 49,800 kilometers, and submitted1. At the same time, the problems found in the inspection will be notified to the local government in time, which has improved the local government's attention to the prevention and control of geological disasters. Actively carry out emergency investigation of major geological hazards and geological disasters that cause casualties, assist local governments to carry out disaster relief work, put forward specific suggestions on disaster prevention and mitigation for the sections that need to be prevented and controlled in the next step, and give play to the role of the administrative departments of land and resources in actively serving the government.

Table 5-/KLOC-List of Geological Disasters in Autonomous Region during the Tenth Five-Year Plan Period

Figure 5-/KLOC-Losses Caused by Geological Disasters in the Autonomous Region during the Tenth Five-Year Plan Period

Table 5-2 List of Geological Disasters in Different Regions during the Tenth Five-Year Plan Period

(three) geological disaster prevention and control planning, geological disaster investigation division and exploration work.

By conscientiously implementing the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Geological Disaster Prevention and Control Plan, the occurrence of geological disasters will be avoided and reduced to the maximum extent, the hidden dangers of sudden geological disasters with great harm will be effectively controlled, and the deterioration of the geological environment caused by man-made and natural factors in the whole region will be further curbed and improved.

During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, a total investment of 6.5 million yuan was made, and the investigation and zoning of geological disasters in 33 counties (cities) such as xinyuan county, the emergency investigation and disposal of geological disasters in Yili area, the special investigation of ground subsidence in Lamazhao coal mine area of emin county, and the risk assessment of geological disasters in xinyuan county and Gong Liu counties were successively carried out (attached table 16). The development of these basic works has popularized the knowledge of geological disaster prevention and control, promoted the establishment of the monitoring system of geological disaster group monitoring and prevention, improved the early warning ability of geological disasters, avoided a large number of casualties and economic losses, and obviously improved the level of disaster prevention and mitigation in the whole region.

(four) to strengthen departmental cooperation, to carry out geological disaster prediction and early warning.

In order to promote the socialization of disaster prevention and mitigation, a joint inspection working group was established in cooperation with the Communications Department, the Construction Department, the Work Safety Supervision and Administration Bureau, the Tourism Bureau and the Flood Control Office of the autonomous region, which clarified the main responsibilities of each department in the prevention and control of geological disasters and conducted a comprehensive inspection of the prevention and control of geological disasters in the whole region. Effectively promoted the prevention and control of geological disasters such as densely populated residential areas, traffic trunk lines, tourist attractions, key construction projects and river basins.

Through cooperation with the meteorological bureau of the autonomous region, the meteorological forecast scheme and procedure of geological disasters in flood season are determined. After the trial operation in 2003, the meteorological forecast and early warning of geological disasters in flood season in the autonomous region was officially launched on April 5, 2004. From 2004 to 2005, 362 pieces of meteorological forecast and early warning information of geological disasters were released.

During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, geological disasters were successfully predicted 138 times, which avoided more than 4,400 casualties and possible economic losses of nearly 42 million yuan. Among them, in 2002, Yili successfully predicted landslides and mudslides 96 times, avoiding more than 3,800 possible casualties and nearly 27.64 million yuan of possible economic losses.

(five) geological disaster risk assessment and geological disaster control engineering qualification management.

During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, the system of examination and approval and filing of geological disaster risk assessment report for construction land was strictly implemented, which ensured the timely examination and approval of construction project land and the safety of construction project land in our region. From 200/kloc-0 to 2005, a total of 32 geological disaster risk assessment reports/kloc-0 were reviewed and filed, of which 8 1 were reviewed and 5 1 were filed.

In order to implement the Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Geological Disasters and the orders No.29, No.30 and No.31issued by the Ministry of Land and Resources, and ensure the quality of exploration, design, construction and supervision of geological disaster risk assessment and geological disaster prevention projects, the qualification management of various qualifications has been strengthened. By the end of 2005, there were four Grade A qualification units for geological hazard risk assessment, four Grade A qualification units for geological hazard prevention and control engineering exploration, one Grade A qualification unit for construction and one Grade A qualification unit for supervision. See Table 5-3.

Table 5-3 List of Grade A Qualification Units for Geological Disaster Risk Assessment, Geological Disaster Prevention and Control Engineering Exploration, Management, Construction and Supervision in Xinjiang

Second, mine geological environment protection

(1) Mining enterprises attach importance to the protection of mine geological environment.

In accordance with the requirements of the Regulations on Geological Environment Protection in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, since September 2002, newly built, rebuilt and expanded mines are required to submit mine geological environment protection plans when handling mining licenses, providing scientific basis for the prevention and control of environmental geological problems caused by mine development and hidden dangers that may induce geological disasters. By the end of 2005, * * * 423 mining enterprises had prepared mine geological environment protection plans as required. Since the implementation of this system, the awareness of mine geological environment protection in mining enterprises has been gradually enhanced, and the mining right holders of newly-built mines have been able to prepare the mine geological environment protection plan as required, and actively take relevant prevention and control measures according to the planning requirements, and achieved good results. Among them, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company has stepped up efforts to control the mine environment year by year and planted trees in the mining area, which not only afforested the working area, but also beautified the living environment. In recent years, the investment of 1 more than 10,000 yuan in Axi Gold Mine in Yining has been used for the construction of mine sewage and tailings treatment facilities; The Kalatongke copper-nickel mine in Fuyun County has invested a total of1/kloc-0.2 million yuan to plant trees in abandoned mining areas, with a green area of more than 20,000 square meters.

(2) mine geological environment restoration and management

During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the state arranged 10 mine geological environment control projects in the autonomous region with the royalties and prices of exploration rights and mining rights, with a total capital of 20.7 million yuan (attached table 17). Through the implementation of mine environmental control project, the threat of geological disasters to people's lives and property safety has been eliminated, and the mine ecological environment has been obviously improved; The overburden mineral resources are effectively utilized, the normal production of the mine is ensured, the available land is increased, and good economic, social and environmental benefits are achieved.

In order to standardize the management of mine geological environment control projects, the Measures for the Management of Mine Geological Environment Control Projects in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Trial) was jointly issued with the Finance Department of the autonomous region, and a leading group for the management of mine geological environment control projects funded by the state was established. The undertaker was determined through bidding, and experts in water conservancy and disaster prevention were hired to supervise and inspect the project quality.

(3) Basic investigation of mine geological environment

In 2004-2005, in order to find out the mine geological environment in the whole region, the investigation and evaluation project of mine geological environment in the autonomous region was implemented, with the project funding of 6.5438+0.3 million yuan. Through the implementation of the project, the present situation of mine geological environment in Xinjiang and the influence of mining development on ecological environment are basically found out, and the main environmental geological problems and their potential hazards are identified. It provides basic data and decision support for rational development of mineral resources, protection of mine geological environment, mine environmental management, restoration and reconstruction of mine ecosystem and implementation of mine geological environment supervision.

(four) the preparation of mine environmental protection and management planning.

According to the requirements of the Notice on Formulating Provincial Mine Environmental Protection and Governance Planning (Guo Tu Zi Fa [2005]119) and the Guidelines for Provincial Mine Environmental Protection and Governance Planning, the mine environmental protection and governance planning was carried out in combination with the actual situation of the autonomous region.

Third, protect geological relics.

(a) geological park declaration

In order to strengthen the development and protection of geological heritage resources in Xinjiang, since 2003, we have focused on the investigation of three geological relics, namely Qitai Silicified Wood Dinosaur, Kanas and Keketuohai, and made a preliminary investigation on the application for the National Geopark. The Ministry of Land and Resources has successively approved Xinjiang Qitai Silicified Wood-Dinosaur National Geopark, Xinjiang Kanas National Geopark and Xinjiang Keketuohai National Geopark.

(2) Protection of geological relics

(1) In view of the serious phenomenon of illegal logging and damage of silicified wood in this area, in 2004, the Public Security Department, the Communications Department, the Technical Supervision Bureau, the Industrial and Commercial Bureau, the Forestry Bureau and the Department of Land and Resources of the Autonomous Region formed a joint investigation team to carry out special investigation activities on the origin and sales markets of silicified wood in Shanshan County, Hami City, Qitai County and Urumqi City, and formed an investigation report, which was reported to the people's government of the autonomous region.

(2) In order to find out the geological relics resources in the whole region, a survey of tourist geological relics in Xinjiang was carried out in 2004. A total of 67 tourist geological relics 167 were investigated, including 2 world-class 12, 50 national, 69 provincial and 36 county-level. The classification scheme of tourist geological relics in Xinjiang was initially established, which provided basic information for upgrading the brand of tourist geological relics and developing tourism in the autonomous region.

(3) In 2003-2004, the state arranged the geological relic protection project of Keketuohai pegmatite deposit in Burqin county and Kanas national geological relic protection project with a total capital of 3.5 million yuan. Through the implementation of this project, the very precious geological heritage resources have been protected, and on the basis of effective protection, the geological heritage resources have been rationally developed and utilized, so that the infrastructure has been continuously improved, the service function standards have been continuously improved and established.

Four, geological environment monitoring and investigation

(1) Geological environment monitoring

By the end of 2005, there were 7 geological environment monitoring stations in Urumqi, Turpan, Changji-Shihezi, Kuitun-Wusu, Korla, Yili and Kashgar. Among them, Urumqi and Turpan geological environment monitoring stations are directly managed by Xinjiang Geological Environment Monitoring Institute; Changji-Shihezi, Kuitun-Wusu, Korla and Kashi geological environment monitoring stations are managed by the second hydrogeological engineering geological team, the seventh geological team and the third geological team of Xinjiang Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau respectively.

By the end of 2005, the groundwater monitoring network in Xinjiang has been optimized and adjusted, with 568 monitoring points of various types, including 402 water level monitoring points, 55 water quality monitoring points1flow monitoring points 1 1, 245 kilometers of monitoring lines and1.3/kloc. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, * * * completed groundwater level monitoring 1.88 million times, water quality monitoring 742 groups, water quantity monitoring 534 groups, submitted 30 hydrological reports, 45 hydrological forecasts, 30 annual reports, and 7 five-year regular monitoring reports of groundwater.

(2) Digitization of geological environment work results.

During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the construction of1∶ 200,000 hydrogeologic map spatial database, 1 14 standard map and1∶ 50,000 water environment comprehensive spatial database of key cities and economic development zones was completed, which accumulated rich digital data for geological environment management and formed a batch of accurate and rapid visualization results.

(3) Actively carry out international cooperation projects.

In 2003, the "China-Netherlands International Cooperation on Capacity Building of Groundwater Information Center in Urumqi River Basin" was launched, which is one of the three sub-projects of Beijing, Jinan and Urumqi under the overall capacity building project of China Groundwater Information Center. On the basis of digitization of basic data, the groundwater model and groundwater information system of Urumqi are initially established, which provides technical support for the rational development and utilization of groundwater resources in Urumqi.

(4) The environmental geological survey of the autonomous region1:500,000 was carried out.

From 200/kloc-0 to 2004, the environmental geological survey of1∶ 500,000 was carried out in the whole region, and the geological environment in Xinjiang was roughly found out, focusing on the interaction and influence between human engineering economic activities and geological environment. The development characteristics, distribution laws and causes of various major geological disasters, special adverse geological environmental conditions and environmental geological problems encountered and induced by the natural environment are preliminarily identified, and the present situation and development trend are predicted.

Five, mineral water resources management

1998 completed the investigation and economic and technical evaluation of drinking natural mineral water resources in Xinjiang, and conducted a systematic investigation and study of mineral water resources in the whole region for the first time, which provided a scientific basis for the exploration, development planning and management of mineral water resources. By the end of 2005, there were 49 mineral water sources that had been proved and evaluated in the whole region. Among them, the five sites that have passed the national technical appraisal have approved the C+B level allowable mining capacity of 25.23 million cubic meters/year; There are 15 mineral water resources to be developed, and the estimated resource amount is 3.3 million cubic meters per year. Since 1992, Xianboba mineral water in Tashkurgan county was put into production, 1996, the mineral water output in Xinjiang reached its peak, with 43 factories, with an annual output of more than 20,000 tons and an output value of more than 40 million yuan. Due to the small scale of production, poor market competitiveness and difficult operation of production enterprises, there are basically no mineral water production enterprises at present, and the exploration and development of mineral water is currently in a low state.

Management of geothermal resources with intransitive verbs

By the end of 2005, after preliminary investigation, there were 84 geothermal hot springs (wells) outcrops in this area, mainly distributed in the southern slope of Altai Mountain, the western section of Tianshan Mountain and the northern slope of West Kunlun Mountain, with only sporadic distribution in other areas. According to the temperature, there are 22 kinds of warm water (25 ℃≤ t < 40℃), 28 kinds of warm water (40 ℃≤ t < 60℃), hot water (60 ℃≤ t < 9 1℃) and moderate-temperature geothermal resources (91℃≤ t < 6544) Except Shuimogou Hot Spring, Boletas Sea Area, Tashkurgan County and Wenquan County in Urumqi, the research level of geothermal resources is very low, which is still at the level of regional hot mineral water survey completed in the mid-1980s, and the reserves of geothermal resources are unclear. The utilization of geothermal resources is limited to primary development, and there are 1 1 sanatoriums or hospitals, which are mainly used for bathing and simple medical treatment.