Places of interest in western Henan

Longmen Grottoes is one of the treasures of stone carving art in China, a world cultural heritage, a national key cultural relic protection unit and a national AAAAA-level tourist attraction. It is located in Longmen Mountain and Xiangshan Mountain on both sides of the Yi River in the southern suburbs of Luoyang City. Longmen Grottoes, Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes and Yungang Grottoes are also called the three major grottoes in China.

The Longmen Grottoes were dug in the reign of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and after more than 400 years of large-scale construction in the Eastern Wei Dynasty, the Western Wei Dynasty, the Northern Qi Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties and the Song Dynasty, the length from north to south was 1 km. Today, there are 2,345 grottoes, more than 654.38 million statues and more than 2,800 inscriptions. Among them, Longmen Twenty is the essence of Weibei calligraphy, and Chu Suiliang's A Que Buddhist Shrine Monument is a model of regular script art in the early Tang Dynasty.

Longmen Grottoes lasted for a long time, spanning many dynasties. They reflect the development and changes of China ancient politics, economy, religion, culture and many other fields from different aspects with a large number of physical images and written materials, and have made great contributions to the innovation and development of China Grottoes. In 2000, it was listed as a world cultural heritage by UNESCO. The grottoes and temples in Longmen area show the largest and best plastic arts in China from the late Northern Wei Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty (AD 493-907). These works of art describe the religious themes in Buddhism in detail and represent the highest peak of stone carving art in China. Located in the hinterland of Funiu Mountain in the south of Songxian County, Luoyang City, Henan Province, Luoyang Baiyun Mountain Scenic Area is a national forest park, a national nature reserve, a national 5A-level tourist attraction and one of the top ten leisure resorts in China. Five tourist areas such as Bai Yunfeng, Yuhuangding, Jijiaoman, Jiulong Waterfall and Primitive Forest and five leisure areas such as Baiyun Lake, Alpine Forest Oxygen Bar, Alpine Peony Garden, Liu Hou Temple and Luhua Valley have been developed. The whole scenic spot integrates mountains, rocks, water, caves, forests, grass, flowers, birds and animals, and the male, the dangerous, the strange, the quiet, the beautiful and the strange complement each other. It has become a compound tourist area integrating sightseeing, summer vacation, scientific research, practice and exploring the Central Plains. Jade Emperor Pavilion is the highest Taoist temple in Baiyun Mountain, covering an area of 246 square meters. On the pillars on both sides are inscribed couplets of "The Jade Emperor Ling Tianyu is alone, and people look forward to Kyushu", which was written by Mr. Wang Meng, Chairman of the National Writers Association, after he climbed the Jade Emperor Peak. A statue of the Jade Emperor is enshrined in the pavilion. According to the local people, offering sacrifices to the Jade Emperor makes your son want what he wants and get promoted to a higher position.

Baiyun Mountain was approved as a national forest park by the Ministry of Forestry in 1992 and upgraded to a national nature reserve in 1998. Baiyun Mountain was selected as one of the most beautiful places in China by chinese national geography in 2006. It is located in the hinterland of Funiu Mountain, 800 miles away. This scenic spot is mountainous and full of dangerous peaks. Yuhuangding, the first peak in the Central Plains at an altitude of 22 16 meters, is the best viewing point of the sunrise sea of clouds in the Central Plains. Laojunshan, whose real name is Shi Jingshan, is the holy land of Quanzhen, the mainstream Taoism. It is located three kilometers southeast of Luanchuan County, Luoyang City, Henan Province. Laojun Mountain is the main peak of Funiu Mountain, 800 Li above sea level. Li Er (that is, Lao Zi), who was revered by Taoism as an old gentleman on Mount Tai, practiced in this mountain, so Emperor Taizong renamed Shi Jing Laojun Mountain. Since the Northern Wei Dynasty, Laojun Mountain has been an important place for pilgrims to worship in surrounding counties, and the Taiqing Taoist Temple at the top of the mountain was also built in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Laojun Mountain is a national AAAAA scenic spot, a national nature reserve, a world geological park and a national geological park. It is the main peak of Funiu Mountain within 800 miles of Qinling Mountains, with an altitude of 22 17 meters. Laojunshan was named after the seclusion of Li Er, an old gentleman in the palace. It has a long history of Taoist culture of more than 2000 years. After I finished writing the classic Tao Te Ching, I bid farewell to Yin, an official of Hanguguan, and rode away on a green cow. "Historical Records" records: "I don't know where to stop". According to written records, Lao Zi lived in seclusion in Shi Jing, namely Laojun Mountain. Therefore, Laozi culture and Taoist culture have deeply influenced the Laojunshan area, and Laojunshan has also become an outstanding representative of the landscape culture in the Central Plains. Laojunmiao, Lingguan Hall, Forest Vinegar Hall, Moral Mansion and other temples, with simple and dignified appearance and flourishing incense, have always been holy places for Taoist believers in northern provinces of China.

Laojun Mountain in Luoyang is located three kilometers southeast of Luanchuan County, Luoyang City, western Henan Province. The original appearance of Laojun Mountain is well preserved, which records the tectonic evolution process of cracking, dispersion, proliferation, aggregation, collision and orogeny in the southern margin of North China ancient land block/kloc-0.9 billion years.

Laojun Mountain is dominated by the landform of middle and low mountain valleys, which belongs to the west of North China stratigraphic belt and crosses Xiong 'er Mountain community and Funiu Mountain community. The exposed strata are Archaean Taihua Group, Lower Proterozoic Kuanping Group, Mesoproterozoic Great Wall Xionger Group, Jixian Guandaokou Group and Luanchuan Group, Upper Proterozoic Qingbaikou Wantao Group, Paleozoic Ordovician Erlangping Group, Cenozoic Paleogene and Quaternary. Chongdugou is located in Luanchuan County, Luoyang City, with deep regional faults and complex geological structure, and is a national 5A-level scenic spot. Liu Xiuer, Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty, spent the Yishui River here, got rid of Wang Mang's pursuit, achieved the imperial career, and was given the title of imperial ceremony. The mysterious historical legend and the three wonders of Chongdugou Scenic Area are the best explanations that Chongdugou has become the top ten most dynamic scenic spots in Henan Province from a little-known name and shocked China.

Chongdugou Natural Scenic Area, with its natural advantages of "clear water, many bamboos and large drop" and the organic integration of "tea culture, bamboo culture, water culture and farming culture", allows tourists to enjoy the endless romance and interest of drifting in the countryside and appreciate the unique scenery of Chongdugou eco-tourism and rural tourism. Nehrig, a scenic spot, is lush with grass and flies to Luming Literature. Springs gush all the year round, waterfalls flock all the year round, green bamboo and clear water are intertwined, fat ducks and strong geese play, and the water town is rich in characteristics, which is called "a must in the north". It was praised by the famous writer Zhang Yigong as "the high gorge waterfall hides a secluded path, and the green water shows the bamboo nostalgia; Look at the mountains and rivers vertically, look at the bamboos horizontally, listen to the birds above, and listen to the sound of spring below. " Manshi Luoyang Fu: a model of eco-tourism in Chongdugou and a gallery of the Yellow River landscape in Longtan Gorge.

Chongdugou is a paradise for entertainment. In addition to all kinds of ecological entertainment facilities, Jinjihe Scenic Area Ecological Entertainment Park also has slides, zip lines, grass skiing and various outdoor training facilities. Chongdugou rafting is a unique, thrilling and unique rapids. There are also a variety of water entertainment projects suitable for all kinds of consumer groups, such as water running ball, trampoline jumping, bumper boats, yachts and fishing. Muzhaling primitive eco-tourism area is located in the hinterland of Funiu Mountain, the transitional zone between the north temperate zone and the subtropical zone, and the important geographical boundary between Qinling Mountain and Huaihe River. The special geographical location breeds unique primitive and colorful biological resources. The tourist area covers a total area of 40 square kilometers, of which 20 square kilometers are virgin forests with no traces of human activities. The vast and deep virgin forest is the kingdom of plants and the paradise of animals. According to the investigation, there are more than 2,000 species of plants in the scenic spot, including national protected plants such as Lingchunmu, Fraxinus mandshurica, Elm, Warm Tree and Lithospermum, and there are more than 260 species of higher animals, including leopard, fragrant roe and antelope. "Spring, summer, autumn and winter have different scenery all year round, and all directions in the southeast and northwest are full of vitality" is a true portrayal of Muzhaling virgin forest. Along the sightseeing trail, people really appreciate the mystery and greatness of nature. Accompanied by the cool people in full of green, they see all kinds of Gu Teng trees and listen to the ever-changing insects and birds.

The elevation of the tourist area ranges from 950m to 2 153m, with steep peaks and many strange rocks. The official hat peak rises abruptly at 300 meters, towering tall and straight, shaped like an official hat and a human face, bearing the beautiful myth of the first phase of Yi Yin in China; There are many strange peaks and rocks around the peak, and the scenery is different. 1.50m high stone horse, full of vitality. The pheasant, about 6 meters long, flew to the top of the mountain, and the three peaks stood tall and straight, just like the guardian of the gods, with great majesty. The gap of Jiulong Valley 1 1,000 m has created numerous waterfalls and pools, which are connected like shells. Qinglong Lake, Huanglong Waterfall, Longjing Lake and longtan lake are ups and downs, or trickle, with various shapes and scenes. Shuanglong Waterfall, the first waterfall in the Central Plains, has a drop of113m. It jumps off a cliff, covered with deep streams and fog, and spreads sound through valleys. Going to the valley, swimming with the water, clear and sweet, refreshing without bathing. The original and peculiar stone scenery in the north is rare. It is an ancient and mysterious virgin land, and it is also a paradise for people to ecotourism and return to nature. Luoyang City in Sui and Tang Dynasties was founded in Sui Dynasty. It has been used for 530 years after passing through the core area of the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty in Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties. It was the political, economic and cultural center of the country at that time. As a famous ancient capital, Luoyang witnessed the most glorious history of China in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, which contains rich cultural connotations. It is a precious material for studying the organizational system, urban layout and social life of the ancient capital of China, and occupies an important position in the history of the development of the ancient capital of China. Its plane layout and architectural modeling have a far-reaching impact on later generations and East Asian countries. Luoyang National Heritage Park in Sui and Tang Dynasties is located in the old city of Luoyang. This is a national demonstration project and key project for the protection of great sites. With the implementation of the protection and exhibition project of great sites, the civilization that has been sleeping for thousands of years has regained new vitality and vitality.

Luoyang City was founded in the Sui Dynasty, and the Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties and Northern Song Dynasties were the core areas of the capital. It was the political, economic and cultural center of the whole country at that time, and it took 530 years. Luoyang City in Sui and Tang Dynasties, as a famous ancient capital of China, witnessed the most glorious history of feudal society in China and contained rich cultural connotations. It is a precious material for studying the organizational system, urban layout and social life of the ancient capital of China, and occupies an important position in the history of the development of the ancient capital of China. Its plane layout and architectural form have had a far-reaching impact on later generations and even on East Asian countries.

Luoyang City National Heritage Park in Sui and Tang Dynasties is located at the intersection of Zhongzhou Middle Road and Dingding Road in the old city of Luoyang. It is a national demonstration project and a key project for the protection of great sites. It was once the ruins of the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty in the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties. The vicissitudes of time have made the glory of that year disappear, and many important cultural relics are buried deep underground. With the implementation of the protection and exhibition project of great sites, the civilization that has been sleeping for thousands of years has regained new vitality and vitality.

Luoyang City National Heritage Park in Sui and Tang Dynasties was listed as one of the key protected sites during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period in 2005, and it is the "Tian Zi No.1" project to build Luoyang into an international cultural tourism city. Tang Ming is the first highlight of the "Tian Zi No.1" project. Luoyang National Heritage Park in Sui and Tang Dynasties is the core area of Miyagi ruins in Sui, Tang and Song Dynasties. The most famous are Tang Ming and Paradise in the Wu Zetian period, which are also called Vientiane Holy Land and Tiantong Futu respectively. Luoyang City National Heritage Park in Sui and Tang Dynasties is mainly distributed in Tang Ming in Tang Dynasty, Paradise, Taiji Hall in Northern Song Dynasty and other important architectural sites, focusing on the protection and display of Tang Ming, Paradise and other landmark buildings built in Wu Zetian period. Tang Ming is located on the central axis of Luoyang City in Sui and Tang Dynasties. It is the main hall of Miyagi, and it is also an important place for Tang Gaozong and Wu Zetian to rule the country, communicate with heaven and earth and perceive the four seasons.

Luoyang Sui and Tang National Archaeological Site Park is located in downtown Luoyang, north of Zhongzhou Road and east of Dingding Road. It is the core area of Luoyang and Miyagi in Sui, Tang and Northern Song Dynasties. Covering an area of 65,438+00.59 hectares, the park mainly displays the Tang Ming and Paradise in the core area of Luoyang Miyagi in Sui and Tang Dynasties, the architectural site of Taiji Temple in Northern Song Dynasty and the site of Langfang Temple in Song San in Sui and Tang Dynasties. This site has been listed as a major site protection plan and a key project of Silk Road heritage application in National Cultural Heritage Administration during the 11th Five-Year Plan period. On June 20 10, the protection and exhibition project of Tang Ming site started construction.

The protection engineering design scheme integrates protection, exhibition and utilization, and is designed by Ms. Guo Daihuan, a doctoral supervisor of the School of Architecture of Tsinghua University and a famous expert in ancient architectural design in China. The main body of the protected building in Tang Ming is an octagon, with three floors and two pyramidal roofs, with a total construction area of 9,847.7 square meters and a total height of 33.52 meters. Swan Lake National Urban Wetland Park in Sanmenxia City is located in the former ecological zone in the east and west areas of Sanmenxia City, starting from Jianhe Bridge in Sanmenxia City on National Highway 209 in the east, reaching the intersection of Shaanxi Avenue and Yanhuang Sightseeing Road in the west, Shaanxi Avenue in the south and Yellow River beach in the north. At present, the management area is 12000 mu (including 6 150 mu of land area and 6000 mu of water surface and tidal flat). From winter to early spring of the following year, in the cold and snowy season, thousands of white swans flew from Siberia to Sanmenxia for the winter. The vast blue lake in Ming Che in Sanmenxia reservoir area has become the largest gathering place and viewing place of white swan on the Yellow River. They are leisurely here, or flying high in the sky, or cruising the river, or floating in the water, with different shapes, forming a series of painters and painters, and everything is ethereal. On March 20 10, Sanmenxia was awarded the title of "China Swan Town" by china wildlife conservation association.