Domestic police income

Research Report on Police Welfare and Treatment Reprinted (2009-05-04 23:46:02) Tag: Miscellaneous Talk Category: Life Notes

Research Report on Police Welfare and Treatment (Reprinted from Research report on police welfare benefits (reprinted from the homepage of the Installation and Finance Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security)

1. Introduction

my country’s investment in public security accounts for 10% of all national investments 1%, the average in developed countries is 3-5%, and in developing countries it reaches 9%. The serious shortage of funds for our police department has caused police welfare to remain at a low level for a long time. In real life, people always have to deal with the police: the smooth flow of roads requires police guidance; the safety of people's lives and property requires police protection; even trivial matters such as crossing the road to find relatives and friends require the help of the police... Police It is the maintainer of social order and the cornerstone of stable social development.

In today's era of rapid economic development, various illegal and criminal activities are also emerging in endlessly. Due to various reasons, our country's police force is still slightly over-rented, followed by heavy work pressure and the resulting The relative decline in the welfare level of police officers. This report is based on a survey of the welfare of grassroots police in Henan. It attempts to systematically sort out the welfare situation of grassroots police in Henan and find out where the problems lie. It is hoped that it can provide data support for the policy improvement of police welfare. .

2. Sample selection and data collection

The subjects of this survey are mainly some serving police officers in Henan. The survey forms are diversified, including spot checks with questionnaires and on-the-spot interviews. Obtained Got a lot of first-hand information. Research on policies mainly refers to relevant documents of provincial departments and municipal bureaus.

3. Basic welfare benefits

1. Salary

What is not directly proportional to the heavy work is the salary of the police. The society generally thinks that the salary of the police is relatively high. The per capita monthly salary at the county level in Henan is 1,500 yuan. From the numerical point of view, the salary of the police is indeed not low. It is significantly higher than the salary of the police more than ten years ago. However, some police officers said privately that those who are not police officers cannot appreciate the difficulty of this salary. If the overtime hours are calculated, the police officers' hourly compensation will immediately shrink a lot. As both armed disciplined forces, the salary income of the police lags far behind that of the army. According to regulations, the salary of the army should be 5% higher than that of public security personnel. However, in the past two years, this normal distance has widened. After 1997, the army adjusted its funding twice. Taking regimental positions as an example, the income increased by about 400 yuan. However, the number of public security organs has basically not increased. The income of foreign police officers is good. New police officers who have just joined the industry can earn more than 40,000 US dollars per year. Police officers who have been working for 8 years can earn nearly 60,000 US dollars per year. Moreover, after 5 years in the industry, you can take the exam to be promoted to a police officer. If If passed, the lowest-ranking police officer will earn $75,000 per year.

2. Provident Fund

The per capita provident fund of Henan County Bureau is less than 100 yuan per month, which is still far behind the per capita ** yuan of the provincial department.

3. Seniority salary

The seniority salary of the police in Shanghai is 10 yuan/year, while the seniority salary of the police in Hangzhou is 1 yuan/year. , and what about Henan?

4. Police rank salary

The police academy conducts police rank training every year for police officers who are eligible for promotion to the police rank, but the additional salary for upgrading to a police rank after training is only a few dozen yuan.

5. Vacation

Frontline police officers work an average of 15 to 24 hours a day. There are no holidays at all in the police station a year, and most young police officers are already suffering from diseases. In the United States, police officers must have 137 days of annual leave, otherwise it is illegal. In addition, the benefits of foreign police officers are very attractive, such as 20 days of paid vacation per year, retirement after working for 20 years, and a pension of 55% of the salary level at retirement. Moreover, police officers can carry guns after off duty and work part-time. Insufficient police force has resulted in long-term overload of police work, resulting in little rest for the police. Years of fatigue and overwork-related illnesses are also important factors that contribute to the high casualty rate of police officers in our country. However, due to the high proportion of casualties, some insurance companies refuse to accept personal injury insurance for police officers.

IV. Working environment

1. Work pressure

According to the results of the fifth census, the total number of police officers in our country accounts for 12/10,000 of the population, and Henan's requirement is 30,000 points, but in fact some grassroots levels have not even reached 10,000 points. According to a foreign statistical data from the 1970s, the rate was 35 per 10,000 in France, 29 per 10,000 in Italy, and 28 per 10,000 in the United States, which are far higher than my country's current level. The average number of people managed by each police officer is also very different: France is 269 people, the United States is 379 people, the United Kingdom is 384 people, and my country is 1,100 people, which is 2-3 times the population under the jurisdiction of the police in the above-mentioned countries. With the rapid development of the economy, the acceleration of the flow of people and other reasons, the security environment is becoming more and more complex, and the crime rate is also rising. This raises a very serious problem: insufficient police force, which is reflected in the unprecedented work pressure of the police. Increase. Although the police have working hours, they are actually on call 24 hours a day, carry guns 24 hours a day, and must come forward in any situation. At the same time, the police are under semi-military management and have strict regulations on dress, image, etc. If you are not careful, you may be recorded.

"At present, police casualties on duty are increasing year by year, and it has become a prominent issue affecting public security work and the construction of the public security team. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, more than 9,000 police officers have died and hundreds of thousands of police officers have been injured in public security agencies across the country. Especially in recent years, In the past 20 years, more than 6,000 police officers have died in the line of duty across the country, and more than 100,000 people have been injured. Some people summarized this as: "There is bloodshed all the time and sacrifices every day." "Experts believe that the high police casualty rate, insufficient police force and heavy workload are the main reasons. Our country's public security police casualty rate is also high compared with other countries. In 2001, more than 450 police officers died in our country, while in Japan in 2001 Police officers killed 2 people and injured 3 people on duty. Currently, the average police-to-population ratio in developed countries is 35 per 10,000 people, while in our country, the ratio of police force to urban population is 11 per 10,000 people. The average ratio in Western countries is 1:300, while in some places in my country it is 1:1250. Due to the increase in population mobility, prominent crimes, and extremely vicious criminals, the police have suffered more and more casualties in their battles of wits and courage. On the one hand, insufficient police force has also seriously affected the health and rest of grassroots police officers. According to statistics, among the 458 police officers who died in 2001, 148 died on the job due to overwork and illness, accounting for 10% of the total number of police officers who died in the whole year. 33.4% of the total. Hangzhou is a famous tourist city and is located in the economically developed Yangtze River Delta. Therefore, the flow of people is very frequent and complex, which brings a relatively heavy workload to the police in Hangzhou. In addition to normal work, there are also daily police duties, social patrols, etc. It is very common for grassroots police to be on duty or overnight. Each police officer is on duty for 2 days a week, and each time is a full 24 hours. He must stay at his job and be on guard to deal with emergencies. Most of the time, after working a 24-hour shift, he usually sleeps for only three or four hours the next day and then goes back to work. The China Avant-garde Sports Association conducted a physical examination survey on public security police officers. The surveyed people were 15,887 police officers in Beijing and Liaoning. The survey results showed that the prevalence rate of police officers was as high as 86%, including those under the age of 45. The physical health of the police group is poor and has been declining significantly year by year. According to analysis, the reasons for this include: most police officers have high self-demands and high pressure at work, and are in a state of stress and fatigue for a long time, resulting in body dysfunction and nutritional structure. Imbalance, etc.

2. Working conditions and working environment

Precisely because the police are an armed national security administrative force and the protectors of society, the victims of police officers are not the same as those of ordinary members of society. It has different potential negative social effects. The occurrence of attacks on police not only fuels the arrogance of criminals, but also makes the people doubt the ability of public security organs to maintain social security and fight crime, making people lose their sense of security. p>

Wu Jun (pseudonym) of the Anti-Narcotics Investigation Section of the Zhejiang Provincial Public Security Department has been a police officer for 22 years. Due to the special nature of Wu Jun’s work, he used a pseudonym. Wu Jun said that in order to track drug dealers, he often followed him to other places, cities and even other provinces for one year. On average, each person has to travel for more than three months to handle a case. You can imagine the hardships. When facing criminal suspects, more than 50% of AIDS patients are caused by drug abuse. , the police often have direct contact with drug addicts and are easily infected. Wu Jun said seriously that the anti-drug police in our province have encountered this situation, and luckily they were only injured. Traffic police officers have been on duty on roads with heavy exhaust gas for a long time, which is harmful to the body and often makes them feel dizzy. Safety has always been an important issue faced by the police. With the increase in armed criminal activities, the threats to personal safety faced by the police in performing their duties are also increasing day by day. The following table shows police casualties on duty in mainland my country since 1990. It can be seen that the working environment of the police is getting increasingly worse.

Year injured and sacrificed

1990 7193 304

1991 9106 308

1992 7153 300

1993 8851 359

1994 9759 379

1995 9677 460

1996 11681 515

1997 8142 522

1998 8177 442

1999 5559 533

3. Psychological pressure

The irregular life of police officers also brings huge psychological pressure to themselves and their families, leading to the breakdown of many families. . 70% of the officers in the Houston Police Department are divorced. Due to tight working hours and high pressure, their average life expectancy is only 59 years. With the strengthening of media supervision, negative reports on police misconduct have frequently appeared in the newspapers in recent years. Last year, eight anti-narcotics policemen from the Anti-Narcotics Section of Xi'an Beilin Branch were dealt with on suspicion of drug-related issues.

According to the "Lanzhou Morning News" report, a 4-month-pregnant female teacher in Liuying Village, Puchuan Township, Weiyuan County, Gansu Province was brutally murdered by her husband, a policeman, who hacked her 78 times with axes because she was suspected of having an affair with the principal. ! People often talk about the violent law enforcement, drunk driving, hit-and-run, and impulsive shooting of a small number of police officers. In addition to the main reasons such as their lack of discipline, their unhealthy psychology is also a reason that cannot be ignored. . From a psychological point of view, the police are undoubtedly a weak group. According to psychological research results, police officers only see and hear more ugly things in their first three years of service than ordinary people see and feel in their lifetime. Among all emergency occupations, the psychological stress index endured by police officers at work ranks first. Guo Guangdong, a doctoral student at East China University of Political Science and Law, believes that psychological pressure also comes from the loneliness caused by career. The unique danger and tension of the police role makes them always feel that they are surrounded by a hostile force. Of course, this pressure comes from the highly dangerous occupation itself. The number of police officers in our country accounts for less than one thousandth of the total population. The police force is seriously insufficient, which makes the police overloaded, highly nervous, and the cerebral cortex nerves are in a state of excitement for a long time. Among all emergency occupations, the psychological stress index endured by police officers at work is undoubtedly the highest. The police are a profession where people suffer a lot of grievances. To be a police officer is to work hard without complaint. Ordinary people may not be able to bear it. When police encounter difficulties at work, they are probably the least able to get angry. What should they do? Should the onlookers be scolded and the fans who behaved excessively be beaten? no. When dealing with security incidents, it is common for police officers to be beaten and scolded, and we police officers have no regrets about this. But what saddens us the most is the lack of understanding and support from the masses. Some people always look at the police through tinted glasses and regard the bad behavior of certain individuals in the police force as a common problem of the entire police force; there are also some people who believe that the police should be flawless and should not have emotions or desires.

4. Social pressure

The work of the police concerns the general public, and the detection of major cases faces huge social pressure. Generally, major cases include homicide, armed robbery, etc., which are easy to cause It brings insecurity to residents and affects social stability. Such cases generally face handling pressure from the media, the government, etc., as well as invisible pressure from the private sector. For example, the case of the missing "copper girl" in Hangzhou, the murder of a female teacher in Xiasha, etc. In order to provide a safe social security environment for the people of Hangzhou, the police must bear great pressure to solve the case as soon as possible.

Many current corruption phenomena have inevitably affected the police. Some scum have appeared in this excellent group, which has greatly damaged the image of the entire police force. This invisible social pressure has caused the police to overdraw their bodies and At the same time, due to the lack of understanding and lack of support from some people, they are confused about their profession. Police work is a high-risk profession with high intensity of work and can easily lead to psychological problems. Especially for the Chinese police, due to rapid economic development, large population mobility, and high crime rates, the work intensity of the Chinese police is higher than that of the police in some other countries. Moreover, compared with foreign countries that have specialized police mental health correction mechanisms, our country is still in its infancy. In addition, due to the special nature of the profession, police officers may see more of the dark side of society every year than ordinary people do in their lifetimes. Therefore, the requirements for mental health quality should be strengthened to provide the police with a harmonious environment.

5. Police equipment

Police equipment is also an integral part of police welfare. In the process of performing tasks, police equipment is an important tool to protect the life and health rights of police officers. . The British police have the largest number of cars, anti-riot equipment, guns, etc., and our country is generally poorly equipped. Hangzhou is one of the more economically active cities and has relatively strong financial resources. Therefore, Hangzhou's police equipment is also at the forefront of the country. However, the overall level of police equipment in our country is still very backward.

6. Development pressure

The adoption of new technologies and high technologies is also bringing various problems to the police. pressure. High technology brings us convenience, but it also puts forward higher requirements for the quality of police officers. Therefore, the police must keep up with the trends of the times and strive to accept new things in their daily work, which will inevitably bring about development pressure.

5. Evaluation and comparative analysis

1. Welfare of Hong Kong police

Housing welfare

Housing welfare of police officers includes the police department Quarters, civil servant housing benefits and other related housing benefits, including: local inspector-level quarters, junior police officer quarters, quarters for job requirements, quarters for operational needs, public housing quota for civil servants, and non-accountable pension allowances , Home Purchase Loan Scheme, Equivalent Rent Deduction Allowance, Relocation Allowance; and Furniture and Appliance Allowance.

Free medical and dental services. The government or the Hospital Authority will provide free medical services, diagnostic procedures and medications to a police officer and his/her family. There is a charge for hospitalization. Government dental clinics provide dental services (tooth extraction and filling) free of charge, while dentures and dental supplies are charged a reasonable fee. Paid holidays Vacation days are allowances and bonuses earned at a standard rate

Sick leave Sick leave can be granted by a doctor. Personnel with less than 4 years of service are eligible for 91 days of full-pay sick leave and 91 days of half-pay sick leave. Personnel with more than 4 years of service are eligible for 182 days of full-pay sick leave and 182 days of half-pay sick leave.

Maternity Leave An employee who has served for not less than 40 weeks continuously is entitled to 10 weeks of maternity leave with full pay.

Educational Assistance The Police Children’s Education Fund and the Police Education and Welfare Foundation provide financial assistance to officers for their children to receive secondary and tertiary education.

Recreation and Sports The Police Officers Club in Causeway Bay (for inspectors and above) and the Police Sports and Recreation Club at Boundary Street (for officers of all ranks) provide a variety of social activities for the Force. , sports and recreational facilities.

2. United States

The first-year annual salary of new police officers in the Los Angeles area of ??the United States is US$51,000. The salary in other areas is slightly higher and lower, and is obviously higher than that of ordinary school teachers and corporate employees. treatment. As long as American police work hard, regardless of their rank, they are entitled to enjoy a variety of tax-free or tax-reduced benefits, as well as generous housing subsidies, major case risk subsidies, and holiday overtime subsidies. Publicly equipped police cars can be driven after get off work. Going home is legal for private use.

Los Angeles police officers have five weeks of paid vacation a year, two publicly funded physical examinations a year, and all medical and hospitalization expenses are covered; the monthly salary of a regular police officer is not less than US$7,400, and there is also pension Pensions, pensions, etc.; all police officers who have worked continuously for 20 years will receive a one-time retirement compensation of US$250,000 once they officially retire, regardless of their level.

3. Evaluation

Although it is biased to compare with the police treatment in Hong Kong and the United States, it probably reflects the embarrassing situation of welfare treatment in my country's police industry. Therefore, we should continue to improve the welfare of the police from the above aspects. Of course, Pareto improvement is the best choice.

6. Conclusion

The welfare benefits of police officers are the lowest among all civil servants. It was once reported that in order to support his family, a policeman went to ride a tricycle wearing a mask after get off work to find living expenses. “Teaching the police strictly is a book, treating the police preferentially is an empty sentence.” Are we a strong force or a vulnerable group? ? The overall welfare benefits of the police are poor, which is not commensurate with their working environment and nature of work. We should start from all levels and effectively improve the welfare benefits of the police, so as to create a more solid shield for economic construction and better protect our country's socialist modernization drive.

The human rights of the police are also an issue that has been ignored for a long time. The police are the defenders of the system and order, the defenders of human rights, and the effective protectors of the people's basic rights to life and property. However, the police's own human rights are often violated, and they have always been ignored and not recognized by the public. In a certain sense, it can also be called "vulnerable groups". So if the human rights as the defenders of the system and order are not effectively protected, how can we talk about safeguarding the human rights of others.

The basis of human rights is the right to life and health. Although the police are engaged in the profession of facing all kinds of criminals and their lives are in danger at any time, we should avoid unnecessary sacrifices and give full attention to the police's right to life. Support for the right to health requires the establishment of a corresponding police welfare system and appropriate legislation to protect the legitimate rights of the police.

Henan is just a microcosm. . .