General situation of Wulate Middle Banner in Inner Mongolia

The geological structure division of Wulate Zhongqi belongs to the western unit area of Inner Mongolia and is a part of the east-west banded structure. The exposed strata are from old to new: Wutai Group and Manitu Group in Upper Archaean and Lower Proterozoic. The Zaertai Group, Baiyun Obo Group and Wendur Temple Group in Mesoproterozoic. Upper Paleozoic Lower Paleozoic, Upper Carboniferous and Lower Permian. Mesozoic Lower-Middle-Upper Jurassic and Lower-Upper Cretaceous. Lower part of Upper Tertiary, lower part of Upper Pleistocene, Holocene and Triassic missing in Cenozoic.

Known exposed rocks in China include igneous rocks, such as granite, basalt, andesite, pegmatite, diabase, gabbro, bluestone and various dikes. Mudstone, sandstone, limestone, glutenite, conglomerate, marl, shale, etc. Sedimentary rocks (water rocks); Gneiss, quartzite, schist, secondary quartzite, hornblende, etc. Metamorphic rocks (including igneous rocks and water rocks).

The geological structure in the territory is complex, belonging to two first-order structural units, namely, the southern margin of Chuanjing-Sangendalai Mesozoic depression, bounded by the Daxinganling geosyncline fold system in the north and the North China platform in the south. Due to the influence of tectonic movements in different periods and numerous large-scale magmatic activities, geological structures are seriously damaged, and some strata are missing, resulting in folds, folds and even inversion and fragmentation, thus forming and producing various industrial value deposits.

In the whole geological structure, there are six sub-regional geological structure units with nearly east-west direction. From north to south, they are:

The ultrabasic rock belt in the southern wing of the Mongolian syncline is located in the northern border of Mongolia, that is, the Suolunshan area, which is a part of the southern wing of the Mongolian syncline. Ultra-basic rock is a kind of magmatic rock containing chromium ore liquid. Due to long-term geological action, it was exposed on the surface after Permian, and continued to undergo weathering, crushing, residual and loss, forming chromite and secondary leaching magnesite (confirmed by geological exploration).

Chuanjing-Sangendalai depression belt is located between the south wing of Mongolia syncline and Hadateshan fold belt, which was formed in Mesozoic and continued to be subjected to sedimentation. It is a nearly east-west depression area with a sedimentary thickness of 1.5 ~ 2.5km, an east-west length of 150km and a north-south width of 20~30 km, extending to the northwest of Bayin Hang Gai. According to a large number of exploration data, there are a large number of lignite and a small amount of bituminous coal in the middle and deep part of the belt, and there are petroleum, natural gas, manganese, iron and other minerals in the deep part.

Hadatesi mountain fold belt is located in the south of Chuanjing-Sangendalai depression belt, and magmatic rocks are well exposed, mainly granite, pegmatite, basaltic andesite and granite gneiss. Among them, pegmatite veins in different periods are immersed in different strata. It contains mica, crystal, beryllium, tantalum and niobium minerals, as well as tourmaline, highland, purple tooth, spodumene and topaz. There are Iceland spar, agate and other minerals with good texture in the pores of basalt. The valleys, gullies and terraces in this area contain high-grade and high-quality placer gold and heavy sand minerals.

Hulusitai-Wengeng depression area is an intermountain depression area with NE-SW direction, and it is an area that continues to decline and accept sedimentation. The main strata are sandstone, conglomerate, glutenite and marl of Jurassic and Cretaceous, and are covered with gravel layer and siltstone soil layer of Tertiary and Quaternary. Bituminous coal, coking coal and stone coal are found in Jurassic strata. Due to the Mesozoic structural damage, local strata and coal seams were destroyed and broken. The eastern end of the depression extends to the junction of the eastern basement, passing through the Bayanhatai, Chulutu and Shihahe Baiyun Obo Group and Wutai Group strata, spreading in the east-west direction, and it is an intermountain quasi-plain and intermountain hill. Under the long-term geological action, magnetite, limonite, placer gold and other minerals are distributed in this area. Among them, the basalt areas erupted in Tertiary include agate, wall jade, pulp stone and Iceland spar.

The Langshan-Chatashan fold belt starts from Langshan in the west, passes through Deling Mountain in the middle and reaches Chatashan Mountain in the east. It is located on the north side of Urad Zhongqi section of Gucha (Guyang-Chasogou) highway, and its eastern section faces Wuliangsuhai across the river and the western section of Wuliangsuhai. Geological structure, stratigraphic change and sedimentary formation are very complicated, with strong topographic cutting and large relative height difference. It is an east-west fold belt dominated by Zhongshan-Lowland (influenced by twisting structure, its western section is curved in the east-west direction and extends to the northeast and southwest outside the municipal area), which is mainly composed of Zhaertai Group, Wulashan Group, Langshan, Zenglongchang, Liuhongwan and Agulugou.

The piedmont fault zone is located in the piedmont plain on the south side of the Langshan-Chasitai fold zone, which is a part of the piedmont deep fault zone in western Inner Mongolia, and it is a descending area (the northern part belongs to an ascending area) that continues to receive sedimentation. According to the investigation, the total thickness of sedimentary formations above the basement of this deep fault is more than 4500m, and it is composed of sandstone, glutenite, marl, silty sandstone and sandy humus soil layer. Only in Quaternary, the thickness of sandy soil humus layer was greater than1000 m.. This zone is rich in groundwater, lithium ore, biogas, grass coal and clay ore. In the contact zone between the southern edge of the northern fold belt and the northern edge of this fault zone, hundreds of descending springs are exposed, and some of the springs are exposed and gathered into streams to form rivers, forming valuable irrigation resources. Because this zone is a deep fault zone and an earthquake-prone area.

Landform Wulate Middle Banner is located in the west of Inner Mongolia Plateau. It is divided into different natural landforms in the north and south by Erlang Mountain, Wuliangsu Mountain and Chasitai Mountain in the east-west direction of the yinshan mountains, with obvious regional differences and obvious transitional changes. The ancient tea road is divided into the southern piedmont quasi-plain area and the northern plateau area.

The piedmont quasi-plain area is composed of piedmont diluvial fan and Hetao alluvial plain, which is bounded by Hetao sedimentary plain in the south and the southern foot of the mountainous area in the north. The whole terrain is high in the west and low in the east, low in the south, high in the north and low in the middle. A narrow strip with a length of 120 km from east to west and a width of 5- 10 km from north to south, with an altitude of 120-65440.

The northern plateau area includes plateau low mountainous area, plateau hilly area, mountain basin area and middle and low mountainous area. The plateau is a low mountainous area, starting from Chasitai Mountain in the east, passing through Wuliangsutai Mountain in the middle and Erlang Mountain in the west. Altitude1609 ~1700m, the highest peak is Wengeng Mountain,1893m. The mountain is steep in the south and gentle in the north. Plateau hilly area refers to the north-central part of Shihahe Town, with an altitude of 1400~ 1600 meters. Intermountain depression areas refer to Sumu in northern Sichuan, Bayin Hang Gai, Wulan, Bayin and Sangendale Sumu (lignite and petroleum occurrence areas), with an altitude of 1 150~ 1350 meters and the highest Soren Mountain 1393 meters. The middle and low mountainous areas refer to the low mountainous areas south of Chuanjing Sumu, north of Wengeng Sumu, Bayin Hang Gai, Wulan, Bayin and Sangendale Sumu with an altitude of 1450~ 1590 meters.

Climate Urad Zhongqi lives in the depths of the mainland, far from the ocean, located in the plateau, with a vast territory. The climate is very different, with the characteristics of severe changes in cold and summer on the plateau, belonging to continental arid climate zone. Characterized by four distinct seasons and short summer; Spring is dry and windy; Autumn is mild and cool, with less rainfall and large evaporation; The winter is long, lasting for 5 months (165438+1October-March of the following year), with little rain and snow in winter and spring, concentrated rainfall in summer and large temperature difference between day and night.

Temperature: the annual average temperature is 3.0-6.8℃, the southern piedmont is 6.0-6.8℃, the ocean current map is 4.5℃, the Shiha River area in the east is 3℃, and the northern Ulan Sumu is 3.7℃. The temperature difference between north and south is 3.8℃, and the temperature difference between east and west is 0.6-65438 0.5℃. In July, it is the hottest in all parts of the whole flag, with an extreme maximum of 38.7℃, an average temperature of 19.8-23.4℃ and an extreme minimum of -39.4℃ in winter.

Precipitation: Due to the complex terrain and vast territory, precipitation varies greatly from place to place. The annual average precipitation of the whole flag is 1 15-250 mm, which is more in the south and east, and less in the north and west. Shihahe area in the east has the most precipitation, with an average annual precipitation of 237.5-250.6 mm, and the least is 1 15- 140 mm in the west of Chuanjing. The average annual precipitation in piedmont irrigation area is 156- 189 mm, and the average annual precipitation in the current map area is 200.9mm..

Sunshine: The annual average sunshine hours in Wulate Middle Banner are 3098-3250 hours, and the sunshine percentage is 7 1%-73%. 3097.6 hours south of Yinshan Mountain, with sunshine percentage of 73%. The sunshine hours in the mountainous and arid areas in the southeast of Houshan Mountain are 3 1.30-32 1.5 hours, and the sunshine percentage is 7 1%-72%. 32 15-3250 hours in northern pastoral areas, with sunshine percentage of 7 1%-73%. The variation of sunshine in each month of a year is 5438 in June+207-2 16 hours in February, and the maximum is 3 1 1-330 hours in May. During the crop growing season (April-September), the light hours reach 1732- 1809 hours, accounting for 55%-56% of the whole year.

Solar radiation: Solar radiation is the energy source of climate process and crop photosynthesis. In the crop growing season (April-September), the solar radiation is 93.3-98.0 kcal/cm2, accounting for 63%-65% of the whole year. The annual radiation of ocean current map is 65,438+0,565,438+0.08kcal/cm2. Compared with other parts of the country, the total solar radiation is smaller than that of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Northwest China, and larger than that of other areas. No matter in the whole country or the whole region, light energy resources are very rich.

Wind: Wulate Zhongqi is rich in wind energy resources, second only to the southeast coast and its islands in China, and it is the best and best area in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The average number of hours ≥ 8m/s in a year is 2382 hours in the north, accounting for 27.2% of the whole year, and 87 1 hour in the middle, accounting for 93% of the whole year. The average number of windy days (wind speed ≥ 17.0m/s, grade 8) over the years in Wulate Middle Banner is 28-74 days, the most frequent year is 60- 129 days, and the youngest is 4-34 days. The windy days in spring are 15-26 days, accounting for 35-53% of the whole year.

Disasters: The main meteorological disasters endangering agriculture and animal husbandry production in Urad Middle Banner are drought, hail, dry hot wind, frost, gale, sandstorm, white hair wind, white disaster and cold wave. Surface water The surface water in Wulate Middle Banner is divided into two water systems with the junction of Langshan and Wulanchabu Plateau as the watershed. The south of the mountain range is the Yellow River system, and the north is the inland river system. The drainage area of Wulate Zhongqi, which belongs to the Yellow River system, is 10875.6 12 square kilometers, with 45 gullies and 6 major rivers. Because of the steep ground slope, well-developed river valley system and tortuous river bed, most small and medium-sized reservoirs are built in the lower reaches of major river valleys, which are the main water sources for piedmont agriculture. Runoff in the valley in Banner is mainly formed by rainfall, and the runoff in various places is affected by rainfall, and the trend is consistent with the zonal distribution of rainfall. The depth of surface runoff in the Yellow River basin is between 4- 10 mm, and the average surface runoff for many years is 59.734 million cubic meters. The annual average surface runoff modulus is 5492 cubic meters/year. Square kilometers. The drainage area of Wulate Zhongqi is 12 12 1.778 square kilometers, belonging to the inland river system. There are eight major rivers, and precipitation is the only source of water for rivers. The annual and annual changes of runoff are mainly affected by rainfall. The depth of surface runoff in the inland river area is about 3 mm, and the average surface runoff for many years is 163 136400 cubic meters, and the average surface runoff modulus for many years is 1345.8 cubic meters/year square kilometer.

Due to the complex geological structure, groundwater varies from place to place, which is characterized by decreasing from east to west and from south to north. In piedmont Yellow River Diversion Irrigation Area, the pore water of Quaternary loose rocks in inland river basin is the main source, with continuous aquifer distribution and abundant reserves. The lithology of the water layer is mainly medium-coarse sand and gravel, with a thickness of 30-70 meters and a buried depth of 10 meter. The salinity in most areas is less than 2g/L, and the salinity in the south of Hongfeng Township and Wuliangsutai Township is more than 2g/L ... The recharge method mainly depends on Yellow River irrigation and mountain flood infiltration. The groundwater around Xinhure and Shiha River in Yinshan area is mainly bedrock fissure water, and the aquifer is mainly granite weathering crust and fracture zone, rhyolite, andesite and basalt layered fissure water. The depth of weathering crust is generally less than 30m, the fracture can reach 40-147m and the buried depth of water level is generally less than10m. Most of the water quality is good. In addition, there are pore water distribution of Quaternary loose rocks, which is bifurcated and gully-shaped, with water level 1-5m and salinity less than 2g/L. In Wulate high plains, pore fissure water of Tertiary clastic rocks is mainly distributed in Chuanjing, Sangendalai and ocean current map. The lithology of the aquifer is mainly conglomerate, glutenite, argillaceous sandstone and sandy mudstone, with the thickness of 30-40m, the buried depth of the roof of 40-80m and the static water level of 10-30m. And quaternary pore water. The salinity is mostly between1-2g/L. The salinity in Bayin Hang Gai, northern Ulan and northeastern Sangendale is more than 2g/L. The recharge method is mainly atmospheric precipitation.

Soil Vegetation According to the data of 1985 soil survey, there are 6 soil types in the whole banner: irrigated silt soil, aeolian sandy soil, saline soil, meadow soil, chestnut soil and brown calcium soil.

1. Irrigation and silting soil: Irrigation and silting soil is the main soil type in the Yellow River Diversion Irrigation Area of Wulate Zhongqi, covering an area of 40402.5438+0 hectares. According to the degree of salinization, it can be divided into meadow irrigated silt and saline irrigated silt. Among them, meadow irrigation and silting soil accounts for 79.57% of this soil type, belonging to 6 soil genera and 39 soil types, with an area of 32 146.67 hectares.

2. Aeolian soil: It belongs to juvenile soil and can be divided into three subtypes, three soil genera and three soil species, namely mobile aeolian soil, semi-fixed aeolian soil and fixed aeolian soil. It covers an area of 10398.37 hectares and is mainly distributed at the outer edge of alluvial fans along the mountain in irrigation areas.

3. Saline soil: It can be divided into meadow saline soil and swamp saline soil, belonging to 2 subcategories, 6 soil genera and 82 soil species, with an area of 489,365,438+0.15 hectares, mainly distributed in low-lying piedmont plain and both sides of drainage ditch. Among them, meadow saline soil subcategory is mainly divided into 5 soil genera, 8 1 soil species, covering an area of 489,368+0 hectares.

4. Meadow soil: scattered in terraced fields along the river and some salinized wasteland, with an area of 45.9056 hectares. According to the different salt content, it can be divided into meadow soil and salinized meadow soil, with an area of 34,600 hectares and 6,543.8+0.3 million hectares respectively.

5. Chestnut soil: it belongs to zonal soil, mainly distributed in hilly areas in the southeast, and is the main soil type in mountainous and arid areas, covering an area of 5 15473.33 hectares and divided into three subcategories.

1. Light chestnut soil subcategory, mainly distributed in hilly areas of southeast China, with an area of 450,840.00 hectares, accounting for the largest proportion and continuous distribution, accounting for 87.46% of the soil area.

2. A subclass of meadow chestnut soil, distributed in relatively flat terrain such as mountainous lowlands, river valleys and terraces, with a high groundwater level, generally between 3 and 5 meters, with an area of 10466.67 hectares, accounting for 2.03% of this soil type. It is the main cultivated land and pasture in mountainous and arid areas.

3. Coarse-boned chestnut soil is a kind of juvenile soil developed on various bedrock eluvial parent materials, with an area of 54 166.67 hectares, accounting for 10.57% of the soil area, which is extremely difficult to use.

6. Brown calcareous soil: it is the largest soil in the whole banner, belonging to zonal soil and the main soil type in pastoral areas. It is mainly distributed in the north and west of Hulusitai Sumu and Wengeng Town, most of Bayin Hang Gai, Chuanjing and Wulan Sumu, and the north of Bayin and Sangendalai Sumu, with an area of 1997.35 hectares, accounting for 73.88+06% of the total land area of the whole banner. Brown calcareous soil can be divided into four subtypes.

1. Brown calcareous soil subclass, distributed in the east, northeast and southwest of desert grassland, with an area of 1076653.33 hectares, accounting for 63.7% of brown calcareous soil subclass.

2. Light brown calcareous soil subclass, distributed in the northwest of brown calcareous soil subclass, mainly distributed in Hulusitai, Bayin Hang Gai, north of Chuanjing Sumu, north of Wulan Sumu and north of Bayin Sumu. It covers an area of 483,357.35 hectares, accounting for 28.60% of the brown calcium soil area.

3. A subclass of meadow calcareous soil, distributed sporadically in hilly lowlands and valley terraces in pastoral areas, formed semi-hydrated soil under the influence of groundwater, with an area of 56,680.0 hectares, accounting for 3.35% of the calcareous soil area.

4. Coarse-boned calcareous soil subclass, distributed in mountainous and hilly areas of southwest and northwest, with an area of 73 106.67 hectares, accounting for 4.33% of the total calcareous soil area.

Wulate Middle Banner is located in semi-desert area, with desert grassland as the main body. Natural grassland vegetation is sparse and low, mainly composed of perennial shrubs and perennial tufted grass. Caragana korshinskii and Chenopodium in the west and north, Stipa grandis, Cryptomeria fortunei and Artemisia capillaris in the east. Since 1970s, through introduction, domestication and breeding, excellent forage and feed crops suitable for planting have been cultivated, including astragalus adsurgens, sweet clover, alfalfa, Sudan grass, corn and other varieties.

The geological structure of mineral resources Wulate Middle Banner is complex, and folds and faults are developed, forming a variety of mineral resources. There are 70 kinds of minerals discovered, of which 5 1 species has certain industrial value, and 40 kinds are being developed and utilized. 326 mineral deposits have been preliminarily proved, including large 13, medium 1 1, 5 small, and 297 ore occurrences and mineralization points. There are 87 mineral deposits and occurrences with mineral reserves. The potential economic value of mineral resources is more than 50.6 billion yuan.

There are two kinds of coal mines: bituminous coal and lignite. Bituminous coal is produced in and around Wengeng Town, with a total reserve of 45 million tons. After years of development, it has a reserve of 410.5 million tons and a calorific value of 5750 ~ 7 150 calories/kg. The main mining enterprises are Wen Ming Mining Company and Wengeng Coal Mine, with an annual output of 220,000-250,000 tons. Lignite is mainly produced in the north-central part of Sumu, Bayin Hang Gai in the west, passing through Wulan and Bayin Sumu, and reaching Baiyanhua in Sangenda in the east, with a prospective reserve of over 654.38+000 billion tons, which is being further explored. In addition, the reserve of lignite in Bayin Huduge Coal Mine in Sumu, Sichuan is10.50 billion tons, and the calorific value is 3200-5300 calories/kg.

After Liu Moyu of Benqi Mining Management Station was found as an abnormal area at 1976, Daqing Oilfield and Huabei Oilfield were successively explored in the north-central Bayinsumu Depression in Hang Gai, an oil producing area in the oil field. 1993 started exploration and development from the Northwest Exploration and Development Department of Zhongyuan Oilfield, with proven resource reserves of 654.38+500 million tons and prospective reserves of more than 309 million tons. At present, there are 86 oil wells with an annual output of 4 1000 tons of crude oil. It is estimated that the annual output of crude oil can reach 900,000 tons, forming a medium-sized oil field. The western part of this oil region can extend to the territory of Urad Houqi, and the eastern part can extend to Wulan, Bayin and Sangendale Sumu.

There are abundant iron ore resources in the iron mine, with total reserves of 83.47 million tons and reserve reserves of 8 1.05 million tons. There are four kinds of iron ores, including magnets, red iron, brown iron and mirror iron. Magnets and red iron are dominant, followed by brown iron, and mirror iron is rare. Magnets and limonite are distributed in Shiha River, Xinhure, Bayinhatai and Bayin Hang Gai, with Shiha River being the most abundant. There are many mineral deposits and occurrences. The larger ones are Houshilahada, Wulan Laolao, Magnai, Dongdaqi, Xihe Magnetite, Zhabangou, Aguishao and Deyang Shenglimonite with an average grade of 65,438+08-35% magnet and 40-45% brown iron. Hematite is distributed in Deling Mountain and Bayin Hang Gai. The larger deposits are Sidling Mountain, Zagewusu, Dongjiagan and its hot root Suntech, with an average grade of 45-48.5%. Specularite is produced in Hang Gai Bayinguoleng Sumu Chagan Wusu.

Chromite ranks second in China and is produced in the south of the border between China and Mongolia. It starts from Dongjiagan, Bayin Sumu, Hang Gai in the west, and reaches Abu Geqi ultrabasic rock belt in Sangendalai Sumu in the east, with a length of130km from east to west and a width of 2-4km from north to south. Due to the limitation of its genesis (dissolution type), the occurrence is scattered, and there are ore bodies between 0 and 500 meters. It is mainly concentrated in the west of Abu Ghraib, which is 70 kilometers long from east to west and 2-4 kilometers wide from north to south. The exploration reserves are 380,000 tons. After years of intermittent mining, the current reserve is 200,000 tons, and the grade is 12-4 1%. The annual output hovers around 5000 tons.

Gold deposits can be divided into primary gold deposits and secondary gold deposits, which are respectively time-pulse type, altered rock type, volcanic rock type and placer gold type, conglomerate type and ice water accumulation type. In addition to the cultivated land and wasteland in the piedmont quasi-plain, there are many hills, valleys, terraces and gold mines in the north. The time-dependent pulse type gold deposits of primary gold are distributed in Sumutu Gurige, Yiken Chagan, Wulan Sumutongkou Mountain, Sumutu, Youfanghao, Baisipan, Xinhure Sumu Changshanhao and Hulusitai Sumugenigou in Bayin Hang Gai. The primary gold volcanic gold deposit is located in Niuyongtaigou, Shihahe Town. The secondary placer gold deposits and conglomerate gold deposits are located in Chahanhada and Jinshan Gedan in the east of Wulansumu, Hani River in Shihahe Town, East-West Indian Gully, Laolongwan, Baishanhao, Xiqiaqi, Xinhua Resumuhao Muer Hutong and Gaoletu. The secondary gold ice water deposit is located in the south of Bayin Huduge, Sumu, Chuanjing. The gold resource reserves 187 tons, and the retained reserves are about 143 tons. Primary gold grade 1- 15g/ ton, volcanic gold grade 0.3-5g/ ton and placer gold grade 0.5-8g/m3. The annual output is 58~475 kg.

Lead-zinc-pyrite is located in the third place in the autonomous region and is a polymetallic deposit. There are two places of industrial value, Jiashengpan in Shihahe Town and Duimen Mountain in Hulusi Tai Su Wood. Proven reserves: 234,000 tons of lead metal, 210.8 million tons of zinc metal and 48.53 million tons of pyrite. The grade is lead 1.35%, zinc 3.95% and sulfur 22.9%. Jiashengpan lead-zinc pyrite is currently being developed and utilized, with an annual processing output of over 450,000 tons.

Magnesite Magnesite is located in the weathering zone of ultrabasic rocks in the north, with the occurrence of 0-60m, associated with shallow chromite, and distributed sporadically in nested and irregular blocks. The geological reserves are more than 6 million tons, and the retained reserves are 530 tons. The average grade of raw ore (MgC2O3) is 42-45%, and the average grade of clinker (Mgo) is 80-85%. The occurrence range is the same as that of chromite. The main mines are Soren Mountain, Tukemu and Abu Ghraib. The annual mining capacity is 42,000 tons.

There are two kinds of graphite minerals: crystalline graphite minerals and amorphous graphite minerals. Crystalline graphite minerals are distributed in Tiemian Tielao, Debs Ge, Bayin Wendur, Hulu Sitai Sumu Hulu Sitai Gou, Qiandamen Gou, Rambusang Gou, Aoyunwula and other places. The geological reserves are 6.8 million tons, the retained reserves are 6.8 million tons, and the average grade is 5.03-6.38%. It is about to be mined. Amorphous graphite ore is mainly produced in the east and west hills of Hongqidian, with a length of 7 kilometers from east to west and a width of 2-3 kilometers from north to south. There are 9 ore bodies, most of which have been mined and the depth is below 200 meters. The geological reserves are 5.3 million tons, the retained reserves are 2.3 million tons, and the average grade is 60-90%. There are more than 0/0 mining enterprises/KLOC, with an annual output of 27,000-32,000 tons.

Volcanic sedimentary rock Volcanic sedimentary rock minerals include perlite, zeolite, bentonite and gold ore. The gold mine is located in Niuyongtaigou, Shihahe Town mentioned earlier. Zeolite coexists with Pengruntu, which is produced in Xiaobaiyanhua, Shihahe Town, where Xinhu Resumu is located, with a reserve of more than 400 million tons and has not yet been mined. Perlite is produced in Caijiagebu, Shihahe Town, with a reserve of more than 36 million tons. After years of mining, the reserves reached 26 million tons.

There are high-grade stone raw materials with good quality in high-grade stone mines. Red granite is produced in Tai Su Township, Wujiahe Town, Beishan, Bayinha Sumu and other places, gabbro, diorite and amphibole are produced in Dongxishan and Hongqidian, and silicified isochronous breccia and isochronous slate are produced in Tuhule, Yiken Chagan, Sumu and Bayin Hang Gai. Approximate reserves: 2.5 million cubic meters of granite, 500,000 cubic meters of gabbro and diorite, 6.5438+200,000 cubic meters of amphibole, 50,000 cubic meters of timely slate and 70,000 cubic meters of silicified timely breccia. All kinds of stones have been mined or are being mined.

Gem mine Gem mine is mainly produced in pegmatite ore field, with a length of 50 kilometers from east to west and a width of 10 kilometers from north to south. It starts from Chabudezi Temple in the west of Wulansumu, Taige in the middle of the economy and reaches Lion Head in the east. The northern part of Bayinhasamu and the northern part of Xinrele Sumu are also the gem occurrence areas. Gems in these areas include tourmaline, highland, spodumene, topaz, agate, purple tooth black, crystal and so on. And tourmaline, highland and crystal, which have been developed and utilized for more than 20 years.

Chromite is a new mineral, which is dyed into pale white and light green secondary quartzite by chromium ions. It has the characteristics of compact structure, fine crystallization and large fragmentation, and is suitable for making arts and crafts. The origin is concentrated in the southeast mountain of Jiashengpan lead-zinc pyrite mine area, with a reserve of more than 654.38+0 million cubic meters. It has been exploited by enterprises with a reserve of 980,000 cubic meters. The total land area under the jurisdiction of Wulate Zhongqi is 34,643,799.8 mu, including 33,659,585.2 mu of agricultural land, accounting for 97.2% of the total land area; Construction land 144358.5 mu, accounting for 0.4% of the total land area; The unused land is 839,856.5 mu, accounting for 2.4% of the total land area. Among the agricultural land, cultivated land 105 1223.5 mu, accounting for 3.1%of the agricultural land area; Garden 12 19.4 mu, accounting for 0.0036% of the agricultural land area; Woodland 179626.4 mu, accounting for 0.53% of agricultural land area; Grassland is 322784 1 1 mu, accounting for 95.9% of the agricultural land area; Other agricultural land is 149 106.8 mu, accounting for 0.44% of the agricultural land area. Among the construction land, 86,842.7 mu is residential and industrial land, accounting for 60% of the construction land area; The traffic land is 39,062.7 mu, accounting for 27% of the construction area; The land for water conservancy facilities is 185 12.6 mu, accounting for 13% of the construction land area. Grassland is the main land use mode of the whole banner and the main land use type of Wulate Middle Banner. The layout of land use is that the cultivated land is concentrated and contiguous, mainly concentrated in the Hetao irrigation area in front of the mountain and the dry farming area behind the mountain, accounting for 98% of the cultivated land area in the whole banner, and there are only sporadic forage fields in pastoral areas. There are great differences between regions, and there are obvious differences in land use in the whole banner. Yinshan mountain area and northern plateau are vast grasslands, which are the main economic zones of Urad Middle Banner. Qianshan Hetao irrigation area is the main agricultural area, and the mountainous and arid areas in the southeast are semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas combining agriculture and animal husbandry. The whole banner has a large land area and various land types, which is suitable for comprehensive development of agriculture, animal husbandry and forestry. The reserve land resources of the whole flag have great potential, and the cultivated land area is on the rise. The wasteland suitable for agriculture10.6 million hectares, and the wasteland suitable for forest, 20,000 hectares, 98% of which are distributed in piedmont irrigation area. Through state investment, collective investment, individual labor input and subcontracting development, the area of cultivated land in the whole banner has increased by 6464.7 hectares. The per capita land area of the whole banner is 15.87 hectares (238 mu), the per capita cultivated land area is 0.54 hectares (8. 15 mu), and the grassland area occupied by livestock in pastoral areas is 1.28 hectares (19.2 mu). With the increase of population and various non-agricultural and animal husbandry land, the number of cultivated land and livestock grassland per capita is increasing.

According to the calculation and evaluation of water resources by Inner Mongolia Water Resources Supervision Center in 2004, the total water resources in Inner Mongolia is 59.4610.53 million cubic meters, including 303.455 million cubic meters of surface water and 291.10.56 million cubic meters of groundwater. Exploitable groundwater198,036,500m3/year, and available surface water 35,750,200m3/year. The current water consumption is 286,660,400 m3/year, of which urban domestic water consumption is 6,543,800 m3, rural domestic water consumption is 8 1.873 m3, agricultural water consumption is 276,022,600 m3, and industrial water consumption is 654.38+0.058/kloc-0,000 m3. Urad Middle Banner has a large grassland area and rich grassland resources. The grassland available for the whole flag is 2 198033.53 hectares, accounting for 95. 1% of the total land area of the whole flag. Natural grasslands dominated by desert grasslands are divided into 12 categories, 32 groups and 86 grassland types.

Forest vegetation in Wulate Middle Banner belongs to desert grassland type, mainly xerophytes. The actual forest area 15 1 124.3 hectares is divided into two parts: natural forest and artificial forest. Natural forests are mainly distributed in Langshan, Chashitaishan, Hataishan and northern pastoral areas, covering an area of 90,296 hectares. The forest species are windbreak and sand fixation forest and soil and water conservation forest, and the tree species are juniper, elm, willow, Sabina vulgaris and Haloxylon ammodendron. Plantations are mainly distributed in piedmont plains and mountainous arid areas, followed by pastoral areas, with a total area of 60,828.3 hectares, of which the stand area is 92 18.8 hectares. The forest species are timber forest, shelter forest and special purpose forest, and the tree species are poplar, elm, willow and Elaeagnus angustifolia. The economic forest area is 147.6 hectares, and the tree species are fruit trees and medlar. The artificial sparse forest area is 43 18 hectares, and the tree species are poplar, elm, willow, etc. Artificial shrub area 14937 hectares, and the tree species are Haloxylon ammodendron and Caragana korshinskii. The area of undeveloped forest land is 3 1.325 hectares, and the forest species are farmland shelterbelt, windbreak and sand fixation forest and soil and water conservation forest. In addition, there are four trees equivalent to 88 1.9 hectares and 239 hectares of nursery land. The forest coverage rate is 5.08%. The total volume of artificial forest stands is 839,228 cubic meters, of which the stand volume is 759,749 cubic meters, with an average of 82.4 cubic meters per hectare; The sparse forest volume is 506 19.3 cubic meters, with an average of 1 1.7 cubic meters per hectare; The surrounding trees totaled 28,859.7 cubic meters, with an average of 32.7 cubic meters per hectare.

Plant Resources According to the investigation data of 198 1 grassland, there are 426 species of wild seed plants belonging to 255 genera and 67 families in the whole banner. Among them, there are 289 species in 42 families 150 genera, among which Gramineae ranks first with 58 species in 29 genera, followed by Compositae with 49 species in 20 genera, and 5 families, 7 genera 12 species with introduction value. There are 186 species of plants with medicinal value, mainly including Herba Ephedrae, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Herba Portulacae, Radix Bupleuri, Semen Vaccariae, Fructus Foeniculi, Prunus mongolica, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Herba Violae, Radix Polygalae, Herba Cynomorii, Semen Cuscutae, Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, Radix Rehmanniae, Herba Plantaginis, Radix Adenophorae, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae, Herba Pogostemonis, Herba Cynomorii, Radix Cynanchi Cynanchi,

According to preliminary investigation and statistics, the wild animals living in the whole banner are: wild donkeys, stone sheep, antelopes, flock sheep, green sheep, wolves, ground leopards, foxes, pheasants, quails, wild ducks, preserved ground birds, fish storks, magpies, crows, eagles, owls, old vultures, cranes and swans.

Tourism resources Urad Zhongqi has a long history and splendid culture. For a long time, all ethnic groups in the north have formed unique cultural landscapes and historical cultures such as national customs. There are Yinshan Rock Paintings, Zhao Great Wall, Qin Changcheng, Han Surrender City, Gaoque Stone Fortification Site, etc. The whole flag has a vast territory, with diverse landforms in mountains, hills and high plains, and obvious differences in landscape. To the south of Yinshan Mountain is the fertile Hetao Plain, and to the north is the vast grassland. Different landforms and different animals and plants provide unique conditions for sightseeing. The developed tourist attractions include Xire Temple, Mongolian Daying, Ganqi Maodao Port, Hailisuo Tourist Area and Baren Baolige Tourist Resort.