For high marks, I would like to ask for some English information introducing Switzerland, more information, not too simple, thank you! There is an addition!

Swiss Directory

Introduction

Swiss Festivals

Introduction to major cities

Switzerland’s main attractions and attractions< /p>

Swiss History

Swiss Politics

Swiss Transportation

Swiss Passage

[Edit this paragraph] Introduction

Chinese: Swiss Confederation

English: Swiss Confederation

German: SCHWEIZERISCHE EIDGENOSSENSCHAFT

French: LA CONFEDERATION SUISSE

Italian: CONFEDERAZIONE SVIZZERA

Latin: Confoedoratio Helvetica, referred to as CH

Area: 41,284 square kilometers. Water area percentage is 3.7%, ranking 132nd.

National flag: square. The flag is red with a white cross in the center. There are different opinions on the origin of the Swiss flag pattern, among which there are four representative theories. By 1848, Switzerland formulated a new federal constitution, officially stipulating that the red field and white cross flag be the flag of the Swiss Confederation. White symbolizes peace, justice and light, red symbolizes the victory, happiness and enthusiasm of the people; the entire pattern of the national flag symbolizes the unity of the country. This flag was modified in 1889, changing the original horizontal rectangle with red ground and white cross into a square, symbolizing the country's impartial and neutral policy in diplomacy.

National emblem: a shield. The pattern and colors are the same as the national flag.

National flower: edelweiss

National stone: crystal

International area code: 41

Currency: The Swiss currency is the Swiss franc. It is an international hard currency. 1 Swiss franc = 100 centimes. Swiss currency has 7 banknotes in denominations: 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 Swiss francs (CHF) and 7 coins in denominations: 5, 10, 20, 50 centimes, 1, 2, 5 Swiss francs franc. The exchange rate of the US dollar against the Swiss franc was 1:1.69 in 2000, 1:1.69 in 2001, and 1:1.56 in 2002.

Time difference: Switzerland’s time is 7 hours behind China, and 6 hours behind China in summer, because daylight saving time is adopted from March to the end of September every year. The ski season is from mid-December to late May.

Relationships with China: On September 14, 1950, China and Switzerland established diplomatic relations.

Population: 7.4184 million (2004), of which the Swiss population accounts for 79.8% and the foreign population accounts for 20.2%; the population density is 176/km2, ranking 92nd;

Language: There are four languages ??used in Switzerland: German Deutsch, French, Italiano and Latin Romance. Among them, the German-speaking population accounts for 63.9%, mainly in the northern region; the French-speaking population accounts for 19.5%, in the western region; the Italian-speaking population accounts for 6.6%, in the southern region; the Latin Romance-speaking population accounts for 0.5%, in the eastern region A few areas; the population speaking other languages ??accounts for 9.5%. The first three languages ??are the official languages ??and are used in official documents of the federation. English is also widely used.

Religious belief: Swiss residents mainly believe in Catholicism and Christianity, of which Catholics account for approximately 44.1% of the total religious population and Christians account for 36.6%. In addition, Muslims account for about 4.5%, others 3.1%, and people without religion account for 11.7%.

Education: Education funding accounts for a large proportion of the budgets of all levels of government (8% of the federal government budget and approximately 25% of state and municipal budgets). A nine-year compulsory education system is implemented across the country. The characteristics of Swiss education are: universal junior high school education; a small proportion of high schools and a large proportion of vocational schools; and high quality of university teaching.

The Swiss Confederation does not have an Ministry of Education. Educational affairs at the federal level are handled by the Federal Higher Engineering System Committee and the Federal Department of Education and Science under the Science and Research Leading Group of the Ministry of the Interior. They are also supplemented by the University Joint Conference, National coordinating bodies such as the Joint Conference of University Rectors, the Joint Conference of Cantonal Education Directors, and the Swiss Center for Higher Education; national vocational education is managed by the Federal Ministry of Vocational Education and Technology of the Ministry of National Economy.

Although Switzerland has a small population, it has a dense higher education network. There are currently 12 nationally recognized universities, of which two universities, Ecole Polytechnique Zurich and Ecole Polytechnique Lausanne, are under federal control, and the other 10 are state universities. . According to the language of the university, there are 6 in the German-speaking area: University of Basel, University of Bern, University of Zurich, Zurich Institute of Technology, University of St. Gallen and University of Lucerne; there are 5 in the French-speaking area: University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Institute of Technology in Lausanne, New York University. University of Chatel, University of Friborg; there is one university in the Italian-speaking area. The duration of university education is generally 4 or 5 years, and the medical major is 6 years. There is no master's degree in Swiss universities. You can study for a doctorate directly after graduating from university.

Switzerland began to reform higher education in 1993 and decided to merge more than 60 higher vocational and technical schools across the country into 7 higher vocational colleges by region. This work was completed in 1998, and the 7 colleges* **There are 18,000 students. This reform will increase the proportion of Swiss people with higher education diplomas from the current 22% to 25%.

Geographic overview: Switzerland is a mountainous landlocked country located in south-central Europe. It borders Austria and Liechtenstein to the east, Italy to the south, France to the west, and Germany to the north. Its territory extends from the Schavarac peak in the canton of Graubünden at 10°29'26" east longitude to the town of Chanchy in Geneva at 5°57'24" east longitude. Its southernmost point is located at 45°49'8" north latitude, near Chiasso in the canton of Ticino, the northernmost point is at 47°48'35" north latitude, which is connected to Bargen in the canton of Schaffhausen. It is 220.1 kilometers long from north to south and 348.4 kilometers long from east to west. The whole territory is divided into three natural terrain areas: the Alps in the central and southern parts (accounting for 60% of the total area), the Jura Mountains in the northwest (accounting for 10%), and the central plateau (accounting for 30%). The average altitude is about 1,350 meters, with the highest point being DUFOUR-PEAK (elevation 4,634 meters) close to Italy, and the lowest point being Lake MAGGIORE in Ticino (elevation 193 meters). Switzerland is a mountainous country with beautiful mountains and clear waters. Its forest area reaches 12,523 square kilometers, accounting for 30.3% of the country's area. If combined with the area of ??agriculture and green space (10,166 square kilometers, accounting for 24.6% of the national area), more than half of the country's land is covered by green space. Switzerland is the birthplace of three major rivers in continental Europe and is known as the "Water Tower of Europe". The main rivers are: Rhine River (375 kilometers in Switzerland, the largest river in Switzerland), Aare River (295 kilometers in Switzerland, the longest inland river in Switzerland), Rhone River (264 kilometers in Switzerland, the longest inland river in Switzerland) Switzerland's second largest inland river). There are 1,484 lakes, the largest of which is Lake Leman (also known as Lake Geneva), with an area of ??582 square kilometers and a deepest depth of 310 meters. The others are: Lake Constance, Lake Neuchatel, and Lake Maggiore. , Sizhou Lake, Zurich Lake, etc. Switzerland's rivers and lakes cover an area of ??1,726 square kilometers, accounting for 4.2% of the country's total area. Switzerland is located in the northern temperate zone. Although its area is small, the climate varies greatly from place to place. The Alps stretch from east to west, forming the dividing line of Switzerland's climate. The north of the Alps is affected by the alternating influence of the mild and humid maritime climate of Western Europe and the continental climate of Eastern Europe with cold winters and hot summers, resulting in greater changes; the south of the Alps has a Mediterranean climate and a pleasant climate all year round. The annual rainfall in Switzerland is 1,500 mm, but it is unevenly distributed throughout the country. The average annual temperature is 8.6 degrees Celsius. In the city, the summer temperature can reach 86 degrees Fahrenheit (30 degrees Celsius), and the air humidity is suitable; in winter, the temperature is often lower than 32 degrees Fahrenheit (0 degrees Celsius), and snow and ice sometimes occur.

[Edit this paragraph]Swiss holidays

The statutory holidays in Switzerland are as follows:

New Year’s Day: January 1st

Good Friday< /p>

Easter (Monday)

Labor Day: May 1

Ascension Day

Whitsun Day (Monday)< /p>

National Day: August 1

Christmas: December 25

Boxing Day: December 26

[edit This paragraph] Introduction to major cities

Capital: Bern, urban population 122,500

City of Bern: The city of Bern is located in the west center of Switzerland. The 1848 Federal Constitution designated it as the capital of Switzerland. , also known as the "Federal City", is also the capital of the canton of Bern. It covers an area (including suburbs) of more than 230 square kilometers, has an urban population of 124,000, and is 550 meters above sea level. It is located at a natural bend of the Aare River, a tributary of the Rhine River. The rapid river water surrounds the old city of Bern from three sides, forming a peninsula. Legend has it that in order to name the city, the ruler at the time, Duke Zalingen, decided to go out hunting and named the city after the first beast he shot. As a result, he killed a bear, so the city was named after the word "bear". The name Bern is derived from the German word "bear". The pronunciation of the word bear in German is "Bayer", which later gradually became "Bern". The "Bear" naturally became the city emblem of Bern, and then became the symbol of the state of Bern. There are still sculptures of bears on some ancient buildings in the city of Bern. There is also a bear garden near the Niederger Bridge on the east bank of the Aar River, where some bears are fed for tourists to watch.

The city of Bern was founded in the 12th century and reached its current size in the 18th century, with a history of 800 years. Some of the original wooden buildings in the old town of Bern were destroyed by many fires in the Middle Ages, and were later rebuilt into stone structures. They are still intact: gravel-paved carriageways, long arches connected to each other on both sides of the streets, red tiles The ancient houses with white walls, the colorful fountain columns in the street with their own allusions, the 16th-century bell tower and the late Gothic cathedral built in 1421 make Bern look antique and retain the style of the Middle Ages. Now the main streets have been designated as pedestrian zones, and the environment is very quiet. The Old Town of Bern has been listed among the world's cultural cities by UNESCO.

Switzerland did not have a fixed capital for a long time. On November 28, 1848, Bern was designated as the capital of the Swiss Federation, becoming the seat of the federal government and the national political and diplomatic center. The federal government and the Federal Parliament are located in the copper-green Federal Building on the north bank of the Aar River. This is a large palace-like building complex built of granite, built from 1852 to 1857. On the left and right wings of the building are the office buildings of the federal ministries, and under the central dome are the conference halls of the two houses of the Federal Parliament. The building was expanded from 1894 to 1902, and was repaired again in 1993, and electronic voting equipment was added.

Due to citizens' objections to the noise and terrain, Bern has not built a large airport. It has only a small airport with routes to major cities in Western Europe. Bern has highways leading to all parts of the country and is also one of the national railway hubs.

After World War II, Bern’s machinery, instrumentation, electrical appliances, pharmaceuticals, textiles, food, construction and printing industries developed year by year, but they were all small and medium-sized enterprises and did not occupy an important position in the Swiss economy. Bern is primarily an administrative and banking center, but it is also a cultural and tourist city. There is one of the oldest universities in the city, the University of Bern, which was founded in 1834 and is famous for its research on cosmic rays. In addition, there are many museums of different types such as history, natural history, art, weapons, etc. Bern is also the seat of the Universal Postal Union and the General Administration of International Railway Transport.

Historically, many revolutionary activists lived in Bern. Engels went to Bern in the autumn of 1848 to guide the Swiss workers' movement. Lenin also stayed in Zimmerwald and Kuntal near Bern from September 1914 to early 1916, and wrote many articles exposing the opportunist traitors of the Second International. When the famous physicist Einstein was working at the Federal Patent Office in Bern, he studied physics in his spare time and published his astonishing work "The Theory of Relativity". Bern is proud of this and still retains Einstein's residence (already turned into a museum).

Other major cities in Switzerland

Zurich: Zurich is the capital of the canton of Zurich and is located on the north shore of Lake Zurich. At the end of 1997, the urban population was 338,000, of which 27.9% were foreigners. It is the largest city in Switzerland with a history of two thousand years. It is not only the largest financial and commercial center in the country, but also an important cultural city, transportation and services in Switzerland. The industry also ranks first in the country.

Zurich is one of the important international financial centers and gold markets. There are more than 350 banks and bank branches concentrated here, including nearly 70 foreign banks. The prestigious Zurich Exchange was founded in 1876. Its turnover ranks among the top exchanges in Western Europe. At its peak, 70% of securities transactions were conducted here. The Swiss Stock Exchange is currently the only exchange in the world with a fully automated trading and clearing system. Its advanced equipment and high-quality personnel provide excellent services to investors. The gold market in Zurich is even more famous. In recent years, its status as a gold market has declined. In the 1960s, it became the second largest gold market in the world after London.

Zurich is located on a traffic thoroughfare. Industry and commerce in the city and its surrounding areas have been prosperous for a long time, especially the silk industry. The main industries now include machine manufacturing, construction, textiles, chemicals, electronics, printing and food processing. Train Station Street on the west side of the Lima River in the city center is the most prosperous commercial street in the city, home to hundreds of banks and numerous high-end stores, with a dazzling array of jewelry, luxury watches and furs, high-end clothing, cultural relics and antiques.

Zurich is Switzerland’s domestic and international transportation hub, with highways extending in all directions. The country’s largest railway station and airport are located here, with more than 700 trains in and out every day; the airport has an annual passenger volume of tens of millions, and Switzerland Air China and China Civil Aviation have several flights per week between Zurich, Beijing and Shanghai.

Zurich is also one of Switzerland’s cultural, educational and scientific research centers. The "Frau" church on the shores of Lake Zurich was built in 853 AD and is a typical Romanesque building. Not far from the church, the most beautiful Baroque building in the city is the former wine guild. The building on the other side of the river facing the "Frau" church is the Zurich Cathedral. Its pair of towering towers were built in the 15th century. It is an important symbol of the city of Zurich. The City Hall is a gorgeous Italian Renaissance-style building. There are more than 50 museums and art galleries of various types in Zurich. Universities such as ETH Zurich and the University of Zurich are world-famous institutions of higher learning. About half of our nearly 1,000 students studying in Switzerland are studying in the above two universities. The Swiss National Museum and Library are also located here. Lenin engaged in research work in the city from 1916 to 1917 and completed the famous book "Imperialism is the Highest Stage of Capitalist Development".

In 1982, Zurich and Kunming became sister cities. Zurich has provided assistance to Kunming’s city buses and sewage treatment.

In 1988, my country established a Consulate General in Zurich.

Geneva: Geneva is the capital of the Canton of Geneva, located on the shores of the scenic Lake Leman. It borders France on three sides in the north, west and south. It is surrounded by mountains and rivers and has beautiful scenery. There is no scorching heat in summer and no severe cold in winter. The average temperature in July, the hottest month, is 19 degrees Celsius, and in January, the coldest month, the average temperature is around zero degrees Celsius. At the end of 1997, the urban population of Geneva was 173,000, of which foreigners accounted for 43.8%, making it the second largest city in Switzerland.

Geneva has been an important commercial center in Europe since the 12th century. It is currently the second largest financial market in Switzerland, with more than 120 banks.

Geneva is particularly famous for being the seat of international organizations and an international conference city. It is also known as the United Nations City together with New York and Vienna. According to statistics, there are 243 international organizations here***, which can be roughly divided into three categories: first, United Nations agencies, such as the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the United Nations Development Program, the World Trade Organization, the World Health Organization, etc.; second, Intergovernmental agencies, such as CERN, European Free Trade Association, etc.; third, non-governmental organizations, such as the Inter-Parliamentary Union, International Federation for the Defense of Children, International Red Cross, etc. The famous Palais des Nations was originally the seat of the League of Nations. Now it is the headquarters of the United Nations in Europe. It has become one of the important centers for multilateral diplomatic activities related to international disarmament, trade, labor, health, meteorology, telecommunications, human rights, etc. involving world peace and economy. Many major international conferences on development and social progress are held here. Nearly 130 countries have permanent representatives to the United Nations and other international organizations here. my country established its Consulate General in Geneva in 1954, and in 1972 it was changed to the Permanent Representative Office of the United Nations and other international organizations in Geneva.

In 1954, Premier Zhou Enlai led a delegation to participate in the Geneva Conference on Vietnam; in 1961, Vice Premier Chen Yi led a delegation to participate in the Geneva Conference on Laos.

Geneva is a famous tourist destination in Switzerland with many places of interest. Rousseau, the French Enlightenment thinker, was born in an ancient residence in the old city. The British poet Lord Byron lived in a villa called Dior Dadi in the Colony district in 1816. Not far from this villa is the former residence of the British romantic poet Shelley.

The famous International Monument of the Reformation, Saint-Pierre Cathedral, Grand Theater, Museum of Art and History, University of Geneva, etc. are worth visiting in Geneva. You can go boating on a sunny day. Menghu Lake is even more interesting.

Basel City: Basel City is located at the junction of Switzerland, France and Germany, with an area of ??37 square kilometers and an urban population of 171,000. It is the third largest city in the country. Due to the Rhine River, Basel played an important role in European trade in the Middle Ages. In 1833, due to the urban-rural war, it was divided into two semi-states: Basel (city) in the north and Basel (township) in the south.

Since the beginning of the 19th century, Basel has gradually developed into an industrial city. Current industries mainly include chemicals, medicine, machinery, cement, textiles, food, watches, metallurgy, etc. World-famous chemical groups such as Novartis and Roche are all located in Basel, making it the center of the Swiss chemical industry. Employees employed in these two groups account for almost half of the city's employed population.

Basel: It is also one of the important financial markets in Switzerland. It is the home of the Bank for International Settlements and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. It is also a good place to escape the summer heat.

Basel is both Switzerland’s railway hub and Switzerland’s only river port leading to the ocean. Its annual cargo throughput accounts for half of Switzerland’s total foreign trade freight volume.

The University of Basel is the oldest university in Switzerland, with a history of more than 500 years. The Gothic Basel Cathedral was built in the 14th century. It is majestic, tall and unique. St. Martin's Church is a building from the 11th to the 14th century.

The Basel City Hall was built in the 16th century. On the high ocher door wall, there are exquisite paintings painted by famous ancient Swiss painters. The Venus Hotel in the city is the oldest hotel in Switzerland. It was built in 1412 and is painted with late Gothic colorful patterns. The Basel Museum of Fine Arts is well-known in Europe. It displays works by famous Swiss medieval painters and sculptors and a large number of modern paintings. The Basel Fair located in the city center has 4 large exhibition halls with an indoor exhibition area of ??140,000 square meters and an open-air exhibition area of ??10,000 square meters. An international fair is held every spring. The Basel Radio and Television Tower, built in 1984, is 250 meters high and is currently the tallest building in Switzerland.

Lausanne: Lausanne is the capital of the canton of Vaud, located on the shores of Lake Leman. The urban population is 120,000, mainly French-speaking, and it is the fifth largest city in Switzerland.

Lausanne, one interpretation means "water flow", and another interpretation means "stone". During the Middle Ages Lausanne had become the political, economic and religious center of the region. In 1803, it was decided by the Vaud Cantonal Assembly to become the capital of the canton of Vaud.

At the end of the 19th century, the emergence of railways made Lausanne the most important transportation hub in French-speaking Switzerland. Lausanne is the industrial center of Vaud. The main industries include precision machinery, chemicals, food, printing, etc.

In addition to two universities (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne and University of Lausanne), Lausanne also has higher trade schools, conservatories of music, normal schools, etc. Lausanne Hotel Management School is quite famous in the world.

Lausanne has a mild climate, is surrounded by mountains and rivers, and has pleasant scenery. It is one of Switzerland's tourist attractions, and tourism is an important source of income for the place. The main tourist attractions include the 12th-century Gothic Cathedral, the 3rd-century Saint-Fran?ois Church, the City Hall, the 14th-century Saint-Mere Castle, the Natural Health Station, and the 19th-century Lymy. A large collection of works is on display in the Nar Palace all year round. The Roman Museum in the Vidi district in the west of the city houses artifacts related to the ancient Roman port of Luzona. In addition, there are the Ancient City Museum, Vaud Historical Museum, Fine Arts Museum, Natural History Museum, etc.

Since the Swiss Federal Constitution in 1874 specified Lausanne as the seat of the highest federal judicial body, the Federal Court has been located here.

Lausanne was once a city where foreign exiles gathered. Such as Queen Marie Louise of France, Napoleon's three brothers, Italian Carbonaris, Russian revolutionaries and later White Russia, etc. Many historical and cultural celebrities have also stayed here, such as Mitsukiewicz, Shelley, Byron, Dickens, Alexandre Dumas, Victor Hugo, etc.

Lausanne is the seat of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) headquarters and houses the Olympic Museum.

Lucerne: Lucerne is the capital of the canton of Lucerne. It is located on the central plateau of Switzerland, northwest of Lake Lucerne and at the southwest end of Zurich. The Reuss River runs through the city. The population is about 70,000, mainly speaking German. Lucerne was originally a fishing village. It was founded in the 8th century and was founded in 1178. After the opening of the Gotthard Tunnel in 1230, it became an important transportation hub connecting Central and Southern Europe and an important trade center between the Rhine River and Lombardy. It has wood processing, Chemical, mechanical and textile industries.

Lucerne has beautiful natural scenery and a well-developed tourism industry. It is a health resort and tourist resort in Switzerland. There are 7 bridges connecting the old city on the right bank of the river and the new city on the left bank of the river, two of which are ancient wooden bridges with exquisite decorations. The largest wooden bridge and the water tower connected to it were built in 1300. It is the oldest wooden bridge in Europe. It has become a symbol of the city and the pride of the Swiss with its historical and aesthetic value. Unfortunately, this wooden bridge was destroyed overnight in 1993. It was destroyed by fire and restored the following year. In the old city, there are 14th-century city walls and Renaissance buildings, the Old City Hall (1602-1606), the History Museum, the Transportation Museum, etc. The city's Glacier Park contains the remains of glaciers from 20,000 years ago and exhibitions about the Ice Age. You can find the former residence of German poet Goethe in Hills Square.

[Edit this paragraph] Main attractions and attractions in Switzerland

Palace of Nations:

The Palais of Nations used to be the seat of the League of Nations and is now the United Nations Office in Geneva 's headquarters. It is a symbol of Geneva as an international city and a microcosm of the world's modern history.

The Palais des Nations is located in the Ariane Park. Ariane Park is located on the hilly area on the right bank of Lake Leman, covering an area of ??25 hectares (approximately 375 acres). Standing high in the park, you can overlook Lake Leman and Mont Blanc, the highest mountain in Europe. This park was originally the private property of the Revilliot family, Gustave? Leviglio is the last generation of this family. He is a writer and art collector. His mother is Ariana. After his mother passed away, he named the garden Ariana to express his memory of his mother. There is also the Ariane Museum in the park, which was built by Leviglio to store his large collection of Chinese and Japanese porcelain. 1890, Gustave? Before his death, Reverio bequeathed the Ariana Park and the Ariana Museum to the city of Geneva. There are three stipulations in his will: 1. After his death, the mausoleum will be built in this park, and the City of Geneva must always be responsible for its protection and maintenance and must not be destroyed; 2. Ariana Park cannot be privately owned and must be open to the public. Open; 3. According to the tradition of the Levilio family, peacocks will continue to be raised in the park. The City of Geneva agrees and abides by these three regulations. The "League of Nations" and the current United Nations Office in Geneva, which had the right to use the Ariana Park, also agreed to abide by these three provisions.

The Palais des Nations was built by the League of Nations in 1929. At that time, 360 designers participated in the design. The "League of Nations" selected the five best architects, the chief among whom was the Italian Carlo Bu? Roach and Frenchman Jacques? Kalu. After seven years, the building was completed in 1936.

The completed "League of Nations" building, the Palais des Nations, covers an area of ??18,600 square meters, and the entire building area is larger than the famous Palace of Versailles.

After the establishment of the United Nations, its office in Geneva was located in the Palais des Nations. In 1969, the United Nations decided to expand the Palace of Nations. Secretary-General U Thant laid the foundation stone and started construction of a new wing on the north side of the Palace. In order to coordinate the new wing with the architectural style of the old building and the natural environment of Ariane Park, while also meeting actual needs, a design committee composed of architects from Britain, France and Italy carefully selected the design plan. It used modern building materials and technologies and took five years to complete. In 1973, United Nations Secretary-General Waldheim presided over the inauguration ceremony. The newly built wing has a novel design and beautiful shape, and is harmoniously integrated with the original League of Nations Building. The new wing is connected to the old building through an air corridor, a "sky bridge". Regardless of its lines, height or overall appearance, it matches well with the old building of Wan Guoguan. It can be said that they are a perfect match and complement each other.

The expanded Wanguo Palace has 50 doors, a total length of 575 meters, and an area of ??32,600 square meters. It has 1,600 offices and 34 large and small conference rooms. In total, The space capacity is 820,000 cubic meters and the floor area is 32,000 square meters.

The original Palais des Nations was shaped like a double horseshoe, one facing Lake Leman and the other facing the Jura Mountains.

The horseshoe-shaped three-wing building structure on the side facing the lake mainly includes:

1. The Left Wing Library. This library was donated by the American John D. Rockefee when the "League of Nations" built the Palais des Nations. Million dollars built. Currently, the library has a collection of one million books and 10,000 journals published by various countries. It is the largest international library in the world. The museum has a spacious reading room and a League of Nations exhibition hall, which displays historical documents, pictures and objects of the "League of Nations". In addition, the library also collects handwritten letters and various manuscripts exchanged between political figures from various countries around the world and the United Nations. These important documents are concentrated in a dedicated exhibition room on the second floor. In fact, the reason why the Palais des Nations is located here is precisely because of this library. The original plan was to build the Palais des Nations on a piece of land owned by the "League of Nations", which is now the "Recreation Park" near the lake. There were no plans to build such a large library.

2. On the right wing of the Council Building, the Council Hall is the most beautiful hall in the Palace of Nations, also known as the Spanish Hall, because the large mural in the hall is of the famous Spanish painter Joseph? Mary? Selt's work. From 1934 to 1936, Sert spent two full years in his Paris studio to complete this set of immortal masterpieces. The picture is golden and dark brown, and the themes of the painting are: justice, strength, peace, law and wisdom.

The Council Chamber is not only the most beautiful hall in the Wan Guo Guan Palace, but also an important conference hall. According to the unwritten rules of the United Nations, all meetings involving international security issues, or more urgent meetings, are held in the Council Chamber. In 1954, the Indo-China Conference that Premier Zhou personally attended was held in this hall. The council room can accommodate 500 people and one of its features is the ability to adjust the position of the conference table according to the needs of each meeting.

3. The middle part is the General Assembly Hall. The large aisle in front of the General Assembly Hall is actually a lounge. It is very spacious and tall. It was built by the "League of Nations" with materials donated by member states. The light green marble on the wall is Swedish, the dark green marble is Italian, the vermilion floor marble is Finnish, and the black and white marble decoration on the floor is Belgian. There are two large murals hanging on the wall of the hall. They are Jacques? one of the main designers of the Palais des Nations. Painted by Carlu's wife. The content is taken from stories in the Bible, one symbolizes war and the other symbolizes peace.

The General Assembly Hall is as big as the Paris Opera House, with 2,000 seats, as well as simultaneous interpretation seats, press boxes and audience seats. In 1962, the United Nations carried out expansion and renovation. Many important meetings have been held here throughout history. Nowadays, some large-scale United Nations conferences, such as disarmament and law of the sea conferences, are held here; the annual meetings of the World Health Organization and the International Labor Organization are also held in the conference hall.

There are twenty-two conference halls on both sides of the General Assembly Hall, varying in size. The smallest has fifty seats and the largest has three hundred seats. If you look closely at these conference halls, you will find that their interior decoration styles are very different. It turns out that these twenty-two conference halls were decorated by some of the founding countries of the "League of Nations", and each country was responsible for one, so there were huge differences in style.