As early as two thousand years ago, Xinjiang people invented irrigation facilities. What is the name of this facility? Please tell me what benefits she has.

Karejing in Turpan, Xinjiang is a special underground waterway project to adapt to the arid climate and prevent water evaporation, and has become the life spring of Turpan. Karez has many advantages, which can reduce strong water evaporation and save water resources; Go deep underground to avoid water pollution; Self-flow irrigation from high to low, without external power; No sun exposure, low water temperature, is the best natural cooling agent. At present, Karez is widely distributed in Iran, Sahara, Japan and other countries, but Turpan, Xinjiang, China is the most concentrated, with a total length of more than 4,000 kilometers. On the mainland, Karez is as famous as the Great Wall and the Grand Canal, and is called the three major projects in China. But now Karez is disappearing. In recent years, the water level in Turpan has dropped and sandstorms have become increasingly serious, which has led to the reduction of crop production and the impact on animal husbandry. Xinjiang experts said that Karez is not only a water conservancy project, but also a cultural heritage and cultural tourism resource. If we don't start to rescue the dried-up karez, they will be lost in the dust of history like some civilized monuments.

practise

Agriculture in arid areas is inseparable from irrigation. In many parts of the world, people use traditional flood irrigation methods. Although this method relieves the drought, it also causes waste of water resources, and it is easy to cause soil salinization due to poor drainage, which leads to soil degradation and crop yield reduction. Israel is extremely short of water resources, and two thirds of the country is desert and semi-desert. In order to save water, they adopted advanced sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation technology, especially "drip irrigation", which is known as "a model of agricultural development in arid areas".

The method of drip irrigation is to send water and fertilizer to each plant through the densely distributed pipe network in the field, and point the water at the root of the plant like eye drops through the fine holes in the thin plastic pipe. The water supply is completely controlled automatically by the computer according to the humidity, temperature and wind speed of the air at that time. Drip irrigation kills two birds with one stone, saving water and cutting off the water source of pests. This is a high-tech achievement, which has been extended to the United States, Brazil, South Korea and other countries.

Q:

Most of western China is also an arid area. As early as two thousand years ago, Xinjiang people invented irrigation facilities. What is the name of this facility? Please tell me what benefits it has. What are the implications of Israeli practices for the development of western China?

A:

It is called karez, which leads water from water source to farmland through culvert, which not only saves the labor of transporting water, but also reduces evaporation. There is a large area of arid area in the northwest inland of China, so adopting Israeli drip irrigation technology is of great benefit to saving water resources and developing agriculture in the west.