Why are cicadas distributed everywhere?

Cicada monkeys are nymphs of cicadas, so as long as there are cicada distribution areas, there are cicada monkeys. From the perspective of large distribution, cicadas (also known as cicadas) are widely distributed, from temperate to tropical. Of course, cicadas are also widely distributed in China, and almost all provinces have cicadas. So, what is the distribution of cicadas in China? Where are there no cicadas? Next, let's briefly talk about cicadas.

First, let's look at the kinds of cicadas.

Cicada is the general name of all insects of Insecta, Hemiptera and Cicadellidae. The main feature of the family members is that they grow twice, once completely metamorphosed (from eggs to nymphs) and once incompletely metamorphosed (from nymphs to cicadas). Moreover, when they are adults, their bellies are all long cones, and there are five eyes on their heads, two of which are compound eyes and the other three are monocular.

There are many kinds of cicadas, only more than 2,000 are known at present, and most of them are about 3-4 cm in length, but there is a cicada living in Southeast Asia, with an average length of 7 cm. It is the "Emperor Cicada". However, most cicadas distributed in China are about 1-5 cm long, among which three kinds are common.

The first one is a very small cicada. The body length is about 1-2 cm, and the body color is light gray, green or yellow. The biggest feature of this cicada is that it is the earliest cicada every year, and it makes a small squeak when it calls. Its scientific name is dragonfly, and it often perches on the trunk with dark bark like elm. The picture below shows:

The second is a cicada that is rarer than a moth. Its body length is slightly larger than that of moths, but smaller than that of common cicadas. It has obvious white stripes on its body, a few tiny black spots on its wings, and most of its abdomen is gray. Its cry is obviously different from other cicadas, and it will make a "woo-woo-woo-woo-woo-woo-woo-woo-woo-woo-woo-woo-woo-woo-woo-woo. This kind of cicada appeared later than the common cicada, and generally concentrated in the late summer. Its scientific name is five.

The third kind is our most common cicada, mainly dark black, which is the largest cicada in the whole Cicadaceae. Its body length is generally about 4 cm, and its wings are only black lines without any spots. Its sound is also the one we are most familiar with, which is generally a monotonous long sound "Zhi ~". Its scientific name is black grasshopper.

Distribution of cicadas

Although cicada is a very common insect in China, it is not everywhere. First of all, species, such as the green dragonfly mentioned above, are only distributed in parts of southern China, including Guangxi, Yunnan and Sichuan provinces. Black grasshopper is a kind of cicada, which is widely distributed in China 17 provinces and cities: Shanghai, Beijing, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hebei, Shaanxi, Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Hunan, Fujian, Taiwan Province, Guangdong, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Chongqing.

Judging from the distribution of cicadas in China, cicadas are really insects whose main habitats are temperate and tropical environments. This is because their nymphs have to stay underground for three years. If it is in a cold area, the temperature is very low in winter, and it is difficult for cicada nymphs to survive. Therefore, there are no cicadas in the northeast, few cicadas in the northwest, large temperature difference between day and night, and little precipitation. Finally, there are few cicadas in grassland areas and places with sparse trees.

Not all cicadas shed their skins on trees.

The growth and development of cicadas can be divided into three main stages. July-August is the breeding season of cicadas every year. After the male and female cicadas mate, the female cicada picks up the bark of the branch with the ovipositor at the tail and lays eggs. After hatching for about 30 days, the eggs become very small larvae, and then the larvae are blown to the ground by the wind. The larvae began to look for soft soil with high humidity and dug a hole in the soil with their forelimbs. After that, the larvae will feed on the sap of the tree root system and continue to grow and develop. After molting for four times, the larvae will break out of the ground after a dusk rain, find a relatively tall tree to climb up, and complete their best transformation on the tree and become cicadas.

However, there is a kind of cicada that is different. First of all, it is not at night, but at noon; Secondly, the fifth molting of most cicadas is done in trees, but the fifth molting of this cicada is done underground. It is a black grasshopper that lives in Shawan County, Xinjiang. Because of the high temperature and little precipitation here, it is not expected that this cicada will appear after the rain, and because of the low temperature at night, it is not conducive to the development of adults (blackening process), so they choose to completely metamorphose underground, and then climb the bushes to complete the final metamorphosis when the temperature is high (it is pale yellow when unearthed, and its wings are not fully unfolded, just like other cicadas when shedding their shells).

abstract

Cicada is a widely distributed insect, and most of China is temperate, subtropical and tropical, which meets the habitat standard of cicada. Therefore, cicadas are basically distributed in China except some arid and cold areas.

Secondly, although there are cicadas in many places at present, most of them are concentrated in rural areas, which has a lot to do with the decrease of urban vegetation and the hardening of roads.