What kind of architectural classification is the term university gymnasium?

Usually classified according to the following methods.

First, according to the purpose of the building.

1. Civil buildings: including residential buildings (houses, dormitories, apartments, etc.). ) and public buildings (such as schools and office theaters, etc.). ).

2. Industrial buildings: including all kinds of production and production auxiliary buildings. The latter such as warehouses, power facilities, etc.

3. Agricultural buildings: including houses for raising livestock, storing farm tools and agricultural products, and houses for agricultural machinery.

Second, according to the number of floors of the building

Civil buildings are divided into three types according to the number of floors: low-rise, multi-storey and high-rise. Divided into multi-storey and high-rise buildings,

Public buildings and residential buildings

Total height of non-high-rise building

The lower floor below 24 meters

multilaminate

Middle and high level 1 ~ 3

4 ~ 6 floors

7 ~ 9 floors

A high-rise building with more than two floors and a height of more than 24m and more than 10 floor.

Three, according to the scale of civil buildings, divided into large buildings and super-large buildings.

1, a huge building

Refers to those buildings that are large in number and wide in scope and closely related to people's lives, such as houses, schools, shops, hospitals, etc.

2. Large buildings

Refers to large buildings, such as large office buildings, large stadiums, large theaters, large railway stations, etc. The building is huge and expensive, so it is impossible to build it everywhere. Compared with a large number of buildings, the construction quantity is very limited, but these buildings are representative in a country or region and have a great influence on the appearance of the city.

There are several types of industrial buildings: single-storey, multi-storey and mixed single-storey and multi-storey

Four, according to the main load-bearing components of the building (refers to the wall, column, floor, roof, etc ... ) material:

1. Brick-wood structure: It is a house built with brick walls, wooden floors and wooden frames. This structure has poor fire resistance and high wood consumption, so it is rarely used.

2. Brick-concrete structure: Houses built with brick walls, reinforced concrete floors, steel, Jupiter frames or reinforced concrete roof panels are also called mixed structures. This structure is mostly used in civil buildings and small industrial workshops with fewer floors (below six floors). Among them, wooden frames are rarely used.

3. Reinforced concrete structure: The main load-bearing components of buildings are reinforced concrete, which are widely used in single-storey or multi-storey industrial buildings, large public buildings and high-rise buildings.

In May 2004, Charles de Gaulle Airport collapsed.

4. Steel structure; The main load-bearing components of the building are all made of steel. This structural form is mostly used in some industrial buildings and high-rise, large-space and long-span civil buildings.

1998 Beijing Aquarium (grid structure)

Introduction to the stadium: 2km west of the city center, * * * has 52 seats179, divided into two stands, with canopy coverage 100%. The stadium is oval in design and has cutting-edge lighting facilities. Construction started in July 1997 and was completed in October/2006.

Some large public buildings can use steel roofs because of the need of long-span space, and other important load-bearing members can use reinforced concrete. This structure is called steel reinforced concrete structure.

Five, control the type of building load-bearing structure system

1, beam-slab structure building with wall bearing.

It is a building with walls and beams as the main load-bearing components, and it is also a structure that constitutes the enclosure component of the building space. Brick-concrete structure building and assembled slab structure building are all buildings of this structural form.

2. Frame structure building

It is a structural system composed of beams, columns and foundations, which is used to bear the roof. A building in which the load is transferred from the floor. Its wall only plays the role of enclosing and separating the building space. Commonly used skeleton structure forms mainly include: ① portal rigid frame, also known as rigid frame. It consists of a portal plane composed of columns and beams. The portal plane is composed of longitudinal beams and transverse beams, and the portal rigid frame is connected by longitudinal beams into a three-dimensional space. 2 framework. A frame consisting of beams and columns. The frame is connected into a three-dimensional space by connecting beams. This structure is usually made of steel or reinforced concrete, and is mostly used in multi-storey and high-rise buildings. Buildings (canteen, shopping mall, etc.). ) with few floors and large internal space, it can be used as a structural system composed of external walls and internal reinforced concrete beams and columns. This type of structure is called internal skeleton structure building.

3. Shear wall structure

Guangzhou Garden Hotel is the earliest tourist hotel built by introducing foreign capital into China. The name of the hotel was inscribed by the chief designer of the reform and opening up, and it is known as "the first plaque in Guangdong". Since its opening 20 years ago, its operating income has reached 7 billion yuan, its operating profit has reached 6.7 billion yuan, and it has paid taxes and fees of 670 million yuan.

It is to make the walls (internal walls and external walls) of buildings into shear walls, which can not only resist lateral forces (earthquake forces and wind forces), but also bear and transmit vertical loads. Shear walls are usually reinforced concrete walls. This type of structure is often used in high-rise buildings (houses, hotels, apartments, etc.). ) has regular transverse walls.

4. Long-span structural buildings

They are buildings formed by various structures with a horizontal span of over 30 meters. Its structural types are: folded plate, shell, grid, suspended cable, inflatable, tent tension structure and so on. These structural types are mostly used in large public buildings such as theaters, gymnasiums and airport waiting halls in civil buildings, long-span factories and aircraft assembly workshops in industrial buildings.

Spatial structure: it is a prefabricated hyperbolic double-layer thin shell, and the total thickness of the two-layer concrete shell is only 12cm. The plane of the shell is triangular, with a span of 2 18m on each side and a floor space of 48m, with a total construction area of 90,000m2.

Six, the building quality grade and fire rating

According to the nature and durability of buildings, they are divided into four grades.

Durability of Grade Applicable Buildings (year)

Important buildings and high-rise buildings > 100

General building 50 ~ 100

Three secondary buildings 25 ~ 50

Temporary buildings < 25

(2) According to the fire resistance rating of buildings.

The current Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings divides the fire resistance rating of buildings into four levels. The fire resistance rating of buildings is determined by two factors: fire resistance limit and combustion performance.

University gymnasium is a public building in civil buildings. There is no such thing as education and sports in the building.