Do you have any suggestions for going to Tibet in winter vacation?

The Sichuan-Tibet line is the most scenic route to Tibet by land, but it is also the most dangerous route. The road conditions are mainly sandstone or gravel, and the danger mainly comes from natural conditions. This line crosses the Hengduan Mountains, where there are many mudslides in the rainy season, and the mountains are closed in winter with heavy snow. The four seasons on the way are changeable, and the accommodation and dining conditions are very poor. It is more suitable for tourist explorers or deep tourists. It is recommended that tourists who enter Tibet for the first time not choose this route. The Qinghai-Tibet line is the best route to Tibet. Although roads are being built every year, most of the roads are paved with asphalt, which is basically free of danger. The accommodation and dining conditions are more complete than other routes to Tibet, but the scenery is dull and monotonous, which is not as beautiful as the natural hazards of Sichuan, Tibet and Yunnan. Besides, there are several mountain passes (Kunlun Mountain Pass and Tanggula Mountain Pass) with an altitude of about 5, meters along the way, which may cause certain altitude sickness.

1. Various organ heart diseases, obvious arrhythmia or resting heart rate >; 1 beats/min, hypertension over the second stage, various blood diseases and cerebrovascular diseases.

2. Chronic respiratory diseases, moderate or above obstructive pulmonary diseases, such as bronchial asthma, bronchiectasis, emphysema, active tuberculosis and pneumoconiosis.

3. Diabetes is out of control; Hysteria, epilepsy, schizophrenia.

4. He is suffering from severe cold and upper respiratory tract infection, and his body temperature is above 38℃; Or the body temperature is below 38℃, but the symptoms of the whole body and respiratory tract are obvious. Before recovery, people should temporarily enter the plateau.

5. He has been diagnosed with high altitude pulmonary edema, high altitude cerebral edema, high altitude hypertension, high altitude heart disease and high altitude polycythemia.

6. High-risk pregnant women.

second, please consciously protect the ecological environment of the plateau.

thank you for your cooperation!

Precautions for Tibet Tourism

Tibet's special plateau environment will have a certain impact on the health. Therefore, before traveling to Tibet, you must go to the hospital for a physical examination, and you can leave only if you are sure that there is nothing wrong with your heart, lungs and other major organs. The following will introduce some basic health care knowledge of plateau for everyone.

1. People who are not suitable for traveling to Tibet

Patients with obvious pathological changes in heart, lung, brain, liver and kidney, and patients with severe anemia or hypertension should not enter the plateau with their eyes closed. If you have never been to the plateau, it is recommended that you have a strict physical examination before entering the plateau.

tourists with organic diseases, severe anemia or severe hypertension have poor adaptability to the plateau environment. In the early stage of entering the plateau, the risk of acute altitude sickness is obviously higher than others; If you stay in the plateau for too long, you are more likely to suffer from various chronic altitude sickness than others. At the same time, due to the adaptation of the body to the plateau environment, the compensatory activities of important organs such as liver, lung, heart and kidney are enhanced, which aggravates the burden of these organs. Once these organs have diseases, it will further aggravate the condition.

If you are not sure whether you can participate in travel activities in Tibet, I suggest you consult an experienced doctor and try to be prudent.

2. Preparation before entering the plateau

(1) Before entering the plateau, you can consult people who have lived in the plateau for matters needing attention, so as to be aware of it and avoid unnecessary tension.

(2) Before entering the plateau, alcohol and tobacco are prohibited to prevent upper respiratory tract infection. Avoid being overworked, save your strength and have a good rest. Take American ginseng properly to enhance the anti-hypoxia ability of the body. If there is a respiratory infection, it should be cured before entering the plateau.

(3) Good psychological quality is a panacea for overcoming altitude sickness. A large number of examples have proved that maintaining an open-minded and optimistic mood and establishing strong self-confidence can weaken the physical discomfort in the altitude sickness zone. On the contrary, anxiety, overthinking, and slight discomfort will lead to high altitude tension, but it will increase the oxygen consumption of brain tissue, thus aggravating physical discomfort and prolonging the self-healing time.

(4) If you have never been to the plateau, you must have a strict physical examination before entering the plateau. Patients with severe anemia or hypertension should not enter the plateau with their eyes closed.

3. Precautions on the way into the plateau

(1) Oxygen and drugs for preventing and treating acute altitude sickness, such as nifedipine and aminophylline, should be prepared as much as possible, as well as drugs for preventing and treating colds, antibiotics and vitamins, just in case.

(2) Due to the cold climate in the plateau and the large temperature difference between day and night, it is necessary to prepare enough warm clothes to prevent catching cold. Both cold and respiratory tract infection may cause acute altitude sickness.

(3) If severe symptoms of altitude reaction appear on the way to the plateau, they should be treated immediately, and aminophylline or nifedipine 2 mg should be taken under the tongue in time. In severe cases, oxygen should be inhaled. In case of severe chest tightness, severe cough, dyspnea, pink foam sputum cough, or slow response, apathy, or even coma, in addition to the above treatment, you should go to a nearby hospital for rescue as soon as possible, or transfer to a lower altitude area as soon as possible for treatment and recovery.

(4) Because it takes time and labor to enter the plateau by car, the accommodation conditions on the way are poor, and the physical consumption is high, in addition to the above items, water or drinks and delicious and digestible food should be prepared to replenish the necessary water and heat for the body in time.

4. Altitude sickness → When traveling in Tibet, the most important thing to pay attention to is that altitude sickness

varies from person to person, and it is difficult to predict before going to the plateau. The physically weak may not react greatly, and the physically strong may not respond. Everyone's reaction is also different. Generally speaking, thin people are better than fat people, women are better than men, short people are better than tall people, and young people are better than old people.

After entering the plateau from the plain area, the regulatory changes of human body are mainly manifested in the following aspects:

(1) Pulse (heart rate) frequency: The normal pulse in the plain area is 72 beats/min, which can be increased to 8-9 beats/min when you first arrive at the plateau, and can reach more than 1 beats/min for an individual, and can be recovered after living for a period of time.

(2) Breathing: When the respiratory system suffers from mild hypoxia, it first shows that breathing is deepened and accelerated, and the breathing frequency is further accelerated with the aggravation of hypoxia, and people feel chest tightness and shortness of breath. After adaptation, it will gradually return to its original level.

(3) blood pressure: the normal systolic blood pressure in plain area is 11 ~ 12mm Hg, and the diastolic blood pressure is ~ 8mm Hg. After entering the plateau for the first time, due to the influence of vascular receptors and body fluids, blood vessels such as skin and abdominal organs contract and blood pressure rises, thus ensuring the blood supply in coronary arteries and cerebral vessels. It will return to normal after adaptation.

(4) nervous system: the central nervous system, especially the brain, is extremely sensitive to hypoxia. When there is mild hypoxia, the excitability of the whole nervous system is enhanced, such as emotional tension and excitability, and then headache, dizziness, insomnia and forgetfulness occur. After entering a higher altitude area, it changes from excitement to inhibition, showing drowsiness, apathy and unresponsiveness. A few serious people will lose consciousness or even coma, and will return to normal if they are transferred to the lowlands. The severity of neurological symptoms is often closely related to my psychological state and mental mood. People who are afraid of the plateau and lack mental preparation will react more; On the contrary, people who are happy have less reaction.

(5) Digestive system: The secretion of digestive glands and gastrointestinal peristalsis entering the plateau are inhibited, except for the secretion of pancreas, the secretion of saliva, intestinal juice, bile and other digestive foods is reduced compared with that in the plain, and the gastrointestinal function is obviously weakened. Therefore, there may be a series of digestive system disorders such as loss of appetite, bloating, diarrhea or constipation, and upper abdominal pain. After living in the plateau for a period of time, you can gradually recover.

At high altitude, if you continue to feel unwell, you should go to the hospital for treatment. The most important thing is not to carry the burden of psychological fear on the plateau.

5. Matters needing attention after arriving at the plateau

(1) When arriving at the plateau, everyone will feel different degrees of hypoxia symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest tightness and difficulty breathing. But this doesn't mean that you can't adapt to the plateau. If you can protect yourself correctly, the above symptoms can generally be improved or disappeared after 2 to 4 days.

(2) If you go to the plateau by plane, the symptoms of altitude sickness usually occur in about 12 to 14 hours. Therefore, when you first arrive at the plateau, you must not be violently transported, but stay in bed immediately. Otherwise, once you feel the reaction, you need more time to adapt.

(3) People often use salivary oxygen inhalation to relieve the discomfort of chest distress. Of course, oxygen inhalation can temporarily relieve chest tightness, shortness of breath, dyspnea and other symptoms, but after stopping oxygen inhalation, the symptoms will reappear, delaying the time to adapt to the plateau. If the above symptoms are not very serious, it is recommended that you don't take oxygen, so that you can adapt to the plateau environment more quickly. Mild altitude sickness will heal itself, so don't take oxygen easily to avoid dependence.

(4) Eat more carbohydrate and digestible food after entering Tibet; Drink plenty of water to keep enough water in the body; Dinner should not be too full. It is best not to drink or smoke. Eat more foods rich in vitamins such as fruits and vegetables.

(5) Pay attention to avoid excessive fatigue and have a regular diet and daily life. A few days before you first arrive at the plateau, don't bathe frequently to avoid catching cold and catching a cold. Cold is often the main cause of acute high altitude pulmonary edema (it is not easy to recover under hypoxia)

(6) During the period of Tibet, it is not advisable to travel too frequently and to be overloaded. When you first arrive at the plateau, you should not walk quickly, let alone run or do manual labor. After a week, you can gradually increase a certain amount of activity.

(7) It must be noted that if you enter the plateau, the symptoms of reaction will become more and more serious, especially when you are at rest. You should take oxygen immediately and go to the hospital for treatment. Patients with rare high altitude pulmonary edema and high altitude cerebral edema need to take a lot of oxygen, and at the same time, they should be quickly transferred to low altitude areas.

(8) Those who insist on physical exercise all the year round and have good physical fitness have little altitude sickness and can heal themselves quickly, but they should not try to be brave because of this carelessness, especially before entering a new altitude, they should have a day or two of gradual adaptive exercise. Without adaptation and preparation, don't suddenly enter the area above 5 meters above sea level to prevent unexpected accidents.

In a word, it is very important to keep a healthy and optimistic attitude, regardless of men, women, children, physical strength and infirmity. As long as you can follow the above points, you will soon get rid of the trouble of altitude sickness after entering Tibet, come on an impulse and enjoy yourself.

6. Skin care

Scientific research agrees that the main cause of skin injury and aging is sunlight. Tibet is located in the plateau, the weather is dry, the air is thin and dusty, the ultraviolet rays are very strong, and the travel is usually very difficult. Such an environment is a big test for the skin. If you don't want to sacrifice your skin during the trip, you must be prepared, especially for women during the trip.

it's necessary to wear a hat, but don't wear it too tightly, so it's easy to grow peas on your forehead.

sunscreen should not be cheap, and the sunscreen with a SPF greater than 15 is better. Don't go out after applying sunscreen for ten minutes-chemical sunscreen needs to be applied for a period of time to combine with the skin to achieve the best effect. It is inevitable that you will sweat during the trip. It is best to apply it every hour or two.

at the same time, it is the lips that need special attention. In Tibet, lips are easy to crack. Be sure to prepare lipstick.

In addition, maintaining peace of mind is conducive to maintaining your skin; Even if the conditions are sometimes difficult, you should eat more fruits and vegetables. Another remedy to keep your skin good is to wash your face before going to bed at night, and it is best not to wash your face when you get up in the morning. If you have a long outdoor activity for more than 1 days, if you don't have good sanitary conditions, you'd better not wash your face. It's dusty and generally has a protective effect on your skin. Of course, it will be better to apply a little ghee. It's a little dirty, but I'm afraid it's easy to peel off if I wash it too clean.

！ Most sisters who travel to Tibet and love beauty are afraid of tanning, but wearing sunscreen is far from enough. Sunscreen only prevents the skin from getting sunburned, but it does not guarantee that it will not get tanned-especially foreign sunscreen products. Obviously, this is in conflict with the aesthetics of China's sisters, so some domestic brands have a unique function of "not getting sunburned". Look carefully, it may be useful. Special attention should be paid to the cheeks and ears when using sunscreen.

Finally, black or not is related to personal skin quality. If you are still black after doing enough measures, you can only follow the trend and be a healthy bronze beauty.

7. Other health issues

(1) Keep warm. The temperature difference between day and night in Tibet is very large, and the temperature is low in the morning and evening. Generally, the temperature drops by 6℃ every 1 meters above sea level, so be sure to keep warm. Even in summer, you must prepare a coat or sweater. It is very cold to stay in a dark temple for a long time. In addition, it is important to keep your body dry.

(2) Strong sunlight and ultraviolet rays on the plateau will harm your eyes. You should prepare sun hats and sunglasses. There are many ice and snow environments in Tibet, and the ice and snow areas and water surfaces will reflect strong sunlight. On sunny days, you can directly expose your eyes to this environment for several hours, which can cause snow. Therefore, you must bring snow goggles, or at least good sunglasses that can filter ultraviolet rays, when you are active in the snow line and above. Snow can cause temporary blindness, and the mild symptoms are: sensitive to light, blinking, sand in the eyes, pain, redness and tears. In case of snow, you should wash your eyes with eye drops, go to a dark place or cover your eyes with a blindfold and ice them with a cold towel, reduce the use of your eyes and try to rest. Good rest and soothing environment can relieve the symptoms of snow in time, but it usually takes 5 ~ 7 days to fully recover.

(3) Contact lenses are not suitable for tourist routes in Tibet, because of the large tip soil and poor sanitary conditions. If you want to wear it, you might as well consider using disposable lenses. There are contact lenses for sale in Lhasa, and the price is comparable to that in the mainland.

(4) Some tourists are prone to nosebleeds and chapped lips due to the dry climate when they first go to the plateau. At Gongga Airport, you can often see some tourists leaving Lhasa with burnt cheeks and noses. So bring sunscreen, lotion and lip balm.

(5) Taking some nasal ointment and throat moistening tablets can relieve the discomfort of nose and throat caused by angular dryness.

(6) It is suggested that you consider taking the following medicines: Jin Shierkang, American ginseng buccal tablets, aspirin, Bilitong, Niuhuang Jiedu tablets, Ganmaoling, laryngitis pills, cough drops, white flower oil, vitamin C pills, stomach medicines, gauze, eye drops and anti-inflammatory drugs.

(7) It is suggested to prepare a small medicine box of different sizes, with the big one in the backpack and the small one with you.

Tibet needs to apply for Border Defense Certificate

Xigaze area

Zhongba County: Pianji Township, Yare Township, Zhadong Township, Naqu Township, Payang Township, Jila Township and Hoerba Township.

Saga County: Changguo Township, Xiongru Township, connected with Tibetan Township.

nyalam county: Chongdui Township, Bolong Township, Menbu Township, Xiaozuo Township, Nailong Township, Yadong Township and Zhangmu Town.

Dingri County: Gangga Township, Yunqiong Township, Dongba Township, Rongzhi Township, Zhaxizong Township, Lamudui Township, Qudang Township, Basong Township, Zhaguo Township and Zhaxiang Township.

kangma county: kangma township, Shamma da township, xiongzhang township, gala township, niru township, dui township and nirumai township.

Yadong County: Upper Yadong Township, Lower Yadong Township, Kangbu Township, Duina Township, Jiru Township, Parry Town and Xiasima Town.

Gamba County: