Negative effects of sports tourism

The negative impact of sports tourism is public trust. Com165438+1October 9th. In the latest issue of Hong Kong Bauhinia magazine, Li Yining, honorary dean and professor of Guanghua School of Management of Peking University, published an article entitled "There will be no" post-Olympic landslide "in China, pointing out that hosting the Olympic Games can become a turning point in China's economic growth, and institutional innovation, technological innovation and management innovation can become the driving force for a new round of economic growth. There will be no "post-Olympic landslide" in China.

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The hosting of the Olympic Games will bring great business opportunities to the host country and make the economy once prosperous. However, some countries that once hosted the Olympic Games gradually fell into depression after the Olympic Games, which is called "post-Olympic landslide phenomenon" or "the bursting of the Olympic bubble". I have made a brief comment on this issue before.

Here, I want to analyze it in detail.

There are generally three reasons for the "post-Olympic decline" in some Olympic host countries: First, the Olympic Games itself is a resource that can create wealth. But just like the plight of resource-based cities after the exhaustion of resources, it is difficult to get out of the predicament without the support of follow-up industries. Second, there was an investment climax before the Olympic Games, and it is normal for this climax to fall back after the Olympic Games. The key is whether there are any new investment hotspots in China, and this new investment hotspot is enough to continue to stimulate economic growth, otherwise the depression caused by the decline in investment may be lasting.

Third, employment increased for a long time before the end of the Olympic Games. After the Olympic Games, except for some employed people who will continue to work, most of them will look for jobs again, which will increase the employment pressure.

So, if China maintains economic growth after the Olympic Games, what are the new investment hotspots? What industries support sustained economic growth? How to solve the employment problem? Only by clarifying these questions can we answer whether there will be a "post-Olympic landslide" in China.

After the Olympic Games, China no longer worries about new investment hotspots.

China's economic growth has been maintained at a high speed of 8% to 10% in recent years, and the economic growth rate is relatively stable. Why is this happening? First, the existence of investment inertia. A big project can't be completed in one year. Once the project is started, it needs continuous investment. The government's continuous huge investment in infrastructure has played an important role in promoting economic growth.

Secondly, the private economy is growing at a higher speed. By the end of 2005, private economy accounted for 50% of GDP, foreign capital, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan capital accounted for 15%, and state-owned economy and state-controlled economy accounted for 35%. It is estimated that by the end of 2006, the proportion of private economy in GDP will exceed 50%. After the promulgation of "Article 36 of Non-public Economy", the private economy continued to grow, which seems to have become the overall situation. Thirdly, the demand of urban and rural residents has been escalating, private demand has begun to diversify, and the domestic market has steadily expanded. In the future, the willingness to buy housing, leisure tourism, education, medical care, health care and durable consumer goods, including cars, will continue to rise. Finally, China is now facing a large-scale renewal of fixed assets, because the requirements of environmental protection are stricter and the task of reducing resource consumption is heavier. If the equipment is not updated, the competitiveness of enterprises will decline or even be eliminated. The renewal of fixed assets will continue to promote the economic growth of China.

So how long can China's rapid economic growth last? According to the analysis, the growth rate of 7%-8% or even higher will probably end in the first "25 years" of 2 1 century, that is, it will continue for 15-20 years. The reason is that China is in the middle stage of industrialization.

Because China is still in the middle stage of industrialization, there is still a considerable distance from the completion of industrialization, so the investment task is still great. Revitalizing the old industrial base in Northeast China, developing the western region, rising the central region, and the eastern coastal provinces taking the lead in realizing modernization all need a lot of investment. It can be said that China is a big construction site now, with construction and steaming everywhere.

The symbol of industrialization is the establishment of advanced complete equipment manufacturing industry, and China still has a long way to go in this respect. For example, to build a new factory, it is necessary to buy equipment and update the existing factory. Policy makers consider buying in Europe, the United States or Japan, rather than Shanghai, Shenyang and Tianjin. Establishing our own advanced complete equipment manufacturing industry will be a new investment hotspot.

The development of high-tech industries is also a new investment hotspot. What is the new economy? New economy equals technological innovation and capital market. The development of capital market will greatly promote the development of high-tech industries. Whether it is the development of new energy, biotechnology, new materials, or the development of a new generation of electronic products, it will attract a lot of investment, and then drive economic growth.

In short, there is no shortage of new investment hotspots in China. After the Olympic Games, although the special and extraordinary demand will disappear, the follow-up demand will keep up.

Olympic Games has a great influence on modern service industry, and its influence on China's economy will last for a long time. This problem can be further analyzed. There are two most important business opportunities created by the Olympic Games. First, the construction, manufacture and installation of stadiums and facilities, and the improvement of transportation facilities; The other is the modern service industry. The latest scientific and technological achievements should be reflected in the construction, installation and improvement of transportation facilities in stadiums and facilities, and promote the technological progress of related industries, so that their influence on China's economic growth will not be lost because of the end of the Olympic Games, and these influences will be eternal. As for the modern service industry, the impact of the Olympic Games will be wider and the impact on China's economy will last for a long time. Take the impact on the financial services industry as an example. Before and during the Olympic Games, there were many non-interest income businesses in China banking industry, such as bank card service, air ticket consignment service, precious metal licensed goods consignment service and other services. The development of these businesses can raise the service level of China banking industry to a new level. Insurance services have also made such progress. All these will reflect innovation and have a lasting impact on China's financial industry.

In addition, the impact on electronic information services, tourism and sales services, accommodation services and catering services will continue forever.

Will unemployment in other countries hosting the Olympic Games be repeated in China?

As mentioned above, after the Olympic Games, except for some employed people who will stay and work, most of them will look for jobs again in the newly added jobs. Then, will the wave of unemployment in other countries hosting the Olympic Games be repeated in China?

First of all, enterprises engaged in the construction, manufacture, installation and improvement of transportation facilities in Olympic stadiums and gymnasiums will soon receive new tasks after the Olympic Games, and trade unions will also move to new venues to work. During this period, they have mastered new technologies and improved their abilities. In the context of China's sustained economic growth, they have work to do.

Secondly, there is an obvious shortage of professionals in financial services and electronic information services, because the demand in these two areas will expand with the economic growth of China. During the Olympic Games, new employees in these two fields will continue to work after professional training and practical experience.

Third, after the Olympic Games, the demand for tourism, shopping, accommodation and catering will drop, and employment in these fields may decrease. However, as long as China's economy continues to grow and Beijing continues to become a tourist hotspot, the demand for tourism, shopping, accommodation and catering services will not be low for a long time, and people engaged in these services will also find suitable jobs in their original or new units.

Fourthly, it is more difficult to solve the problem of idle venues built for the Olympic Games and the resulting problem of idle personnel. In fact, there will not be many idle people, and there must always be people in management, cleaning and security. What should be considered is whether the idle gymnasium can continue to play its role. Of course, there will be no large-scale competition similar to the Olympic Games in the short term. But after a while, there will still be large-scale activities. It can be seen that as long as we try our best, some stadiums may still be used. The unemployment problem after the Olympic Games doesn't seem so serious, so don't worry too much.

The fact that there will be no economic downturn does not mean that there are no obstacles to China's sustained economic growth.

Although it is mentioned above that China will not experience economic decline after the Olympic Games, but will continue to maintain high-speed growth, this does not mean that there are no obstacles on the road of sustained economic growth in China. It can be said that industry monopoly, lagging transformation of government functions, slow growth of farmers' income, insufficient supply of some resources and unbearable pressure of economic growth are the five main obstacles on the road of sustained growth.

To remove these obstacles, it is still necessary to deepen reform. Reform is the guarantee of China's sustained economic growth: the industry monopoly must be broken. Let more private enterprises enter the fields that were forbidden in the past. Government functions should be changed as soon as possible. In the relationship between the government and enterprises, the government should truly become the service provider of enterprises. In order to effectively increase farmers' income, efforts should be made to reform the urban-rural dual structure system, promote the flow and optimal combination of urban and rural production factors, and increase investment in rural education, medical care and social security. In order to alleviate the shortage of some resources, we must first reform the existing scientific and technological system, confirm that enterprises are the main body of independent innovation, encourage innovative investment, establish a multi-level capital market system, and develop new energy through innovation to alleviate the shortage of resources. In order to make the environment bear the pressure of sustained economic growth, the assessment of local political achievements should be turned to comprehensive assessment, and the supervision of environmental protection should be strengthened at the same time.