History of Charleston

1. History of South Carolina

According to documented records, the first explorer to explore South Carolina in 1526 was the Spanish Vasquez de Ayllon.

In 1629 and 1670, King Charles I and Charles II granted land concessions in this area to several lords.

In 1670, South Carolina, colonized by the British, was established as a state with a farm culture. It was a wealthy aristocratic society supported by black slave labor.

In 1719, an armed struggle broke out between immigrants and the lords, overthrowing the lords' rule. This area became a direct domain of the British Crown. Later, local immigrants elected delegates to the Continental Congress.

South Carolina, established in 1729, was one of the original 13 colonies. At that time, the British government divided Carolina into northern and southern parts. The battle at Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor marked the beginning of the Civil War. After the war, the structure of the state also changed.

In 1775 the British governor fled. In 1776, the Legislative Assembly adopted a provisional constitution, and in 1778, it announced its independence from British rule.

In 1788, California became the 8th state among the original 13 states in the United States.

During the American Civil War, South Carolina withdrew from the Union on December 20, 1860***.

Returned to the Federation in 1868. 2. What is the world ranking of College of Charleston?

There is no ranking in the world.

The College of Charleston ranks 4th among research universities in the South and 13th in the United States.

The College of Charleston is located in downtown Charleston, South Carolina, USA. Founded in 1770, it is a public Ivy League school and one of the 13 oldest universities in the United States. It has a long history and A nationally renowned reputation. Like the city of Charleston where it is located, the College of Charleston has a long history and culture and a rich cultural atmosphere. It is well-known throughout the United States and the world for its high-quality teaching management, broad and free academic atmosphere, and classic and beautiful campus environment. The College of Charleston ranks fourth among research universities in the southern United States and is rated as one of the "Most Educational Values ??in the United States", "Best Colleges" and "Best Value for Money" by Forbes, Princeton Review, etc.

The College of Charleston (Charleston) has undergraduate and graduate colleges, including the School of Art, the School of Business and Economics, the School of Education, the School of Humanities and Social Sciences, the School of Languages, and the School of Science and Mathematics. etc. It also offers courses in art history, arts management, historic building conservation and community planning, music, drama, accounting, legal studies, business administration, economics, tourism and hotel management, international business, sports training, early childhood education, primary education, and health. and human behavior, secondary education, special education, etc., as well as graduate majors: accounting, bilingual interpretation, communications, computer and information science, early childhood education, elementary education, English, environmental studies, historic building preservation, history , Chinese, Marine Biology, Mathematics, Performing Arts, Public Administration, Trauma and Pain, Science and Mathematics Teachers, Special Education and more. The College of Charleston (Charleston) is the oldest college in South Carolina and the 13th oldest institution of higher learning in the United States. 3. History and Humanities of Las Vegas

1 Las Vegas (The City of Las Vegas) is also known as the Entertainment Capital of the World and Sin City. City), the city center is located at 36 degrees 10 minutes 30 seconds north latitude and 115 degrees 08 minutes 11 seconds west longitude.

Clark County, Nevada State County, United States of America (The United States of America). In 1909, Las Vegas became the county administrative center of Clark County.

Established by Mayor Oscar B. Goodman on May 15, 1905, the urban area is 340.0 square kilometers, including 339.8 square kilometers of land area and 0.16 square kilometers of water area. The city area of ??Las Vegas is 712 square kilometers.

Altitude The city’s average altitude is 610 meters. Las Vegas Landmark Building Population Urban population is 552,500 (2006).

The population density is 1,604 people/square kilometer. The metropolitan population is 1.7775 million.

Time US Pacific Standard Time (PST). UTC-8.

Daylight saving time is the United States Pacific Time Zone (PDT). UTC-7.

In the 10 years from 1990 to 2000, the population of Las Vegas increased by 80%, reaching approximately 1.9 million in 2013. And the city's appeal has slowly become more diverse.

This city is no longer synonymous with "gambling city".

Here you can find food, art, entertainment and all the elements of a diverse city.

Las Vegas, the most rootless place in the world, finally has its roots deeply rooted. History More than a hundred years ago, Las Vegas was still an unknown village. "Las Vegas" comes from Spanish, meaning "fertile green grassland" because Las Vegas is surrounded by a desolate stone desert. It is the only oasis with spring water in the Gobi area. Because of the spring water, it has gradually become a post station for highways and a transfer station for railways.

Las Vegas was built in 1854 by the Mormons who were in the western United States at that time. Later, the Mormons moved away and the American soldiers turned it into a military station, but the population here is still the same. Very few. Las Vegas opened in 1905.

After gold and silver mines were discovered in Nevada, a large number of gold prospectors poured in, and Las Vegas began to prosper. However, like other mining towns in the West, it was abandoned once the mines were exhausted. On January 1, 1910, all casinos and brothels were closed.

In 1931, during the Great Depression in the United States, in order to survive the economic difficulties, the Nevada State Assembly passed a bill legalizing gambling. Las Vegas became a gambling city and has risen rapidly since then. The main economic pillar of Las Vegas is the gaming industry. Since the casino is a gold rush bowl, tycoons from all over the United States have invested in building casinos in Las Vegas. Even Japanese tycoons, Japanese princes, and famous actors have invested. .

Even Chinatown was established in Las Vegas in 1990, and it soon became a gathering place for Asian Americans. Las Vegas became the fastest growing city in the United States. The name of Las Vegas comes from the pioneers of the West many years ago. People named this desolate and arid barren land "Pasture" to pray for a fertile grassland for grazing cattle and sheep.

In the mid-19th century, an army lieutenant who visited Las Vegas once despaired that no one would set foot in this desert from now on. However, a hundred years of time have actually transformed the former desolation into a desert. Today's bustling scene. Christianity calls human beings lost lambs, while Christ is the shepherd who redeems the world. In the fertile pasture of Las Vegas, people’s endless desires are grazed, but who comes to take care of these lambs? Woolen cloth? In 1829, Mexican traders discovered this huge valley and began to settle here.

Later a group of Mormons from Utah immigrated here. The arrival of the Union Pacific Railroad in 1890 made the area gradually prosperous.

A town was established. On May 15, 1905, "Las Vegas" was officially established as a city.

In the 1930s, the Hoover Dam was built 47 kilometers southeast of Las Vegas. Lake Mead behind the dam is one of the largest artificial lakes in the world. Sufficient water and electricity supply also promoted the development of the city of Las Vegas. . In 1931, the Nevada State Legislature officially passed a bill to legalize gambling.

In 1946, a large casino appeared in Las Vegas. In the 1950s, it developed into a famous tourist destination featuring gambling, and in the 1960s, a desert health resort was opened.

The city's economy mainly relies on tourism. There are many luxurious nightclubs, hotels, restaurants and casinos in the city, including the Charleston Entertainment District and the Canyons National Expo. On the outskirts of the city are mining areas and ranches, including the large-scale Nellis Air Force Base, the U.S. Energy Research Institute and the Development Agency's Nevada Test Site.

During the Heldorado Festival every May, residents dress in old western costumes and hold rodeos and parades. The "Gambling City" Las Vegas was founded in 1905.

In the 1930s, Nevada decided to make gambling in Las Vegas a legal enterprise. As soon as this order came out, almost overnight, casinos were established in urban areas, including the Charleston Entertainment District and Death Valley. The National Expo is very representative. This is how Las Vegas became known as the "Gambling City".

250 casinos and more than 60,000 "slot slot machines" are open day and night, and their grandeur can be compared with Monte Carlo, the world's casino city in Monaco, Europe. Las Vegas now has the world's top golf entertainment city resort hotels, world-class large-scale performances and high-tech entertainment facilities.

Geographic Environment Geographic Orientation Las Vegas is located in a valley in Nevada surrounded by desolate rock deserts and Gobi areas. Las Vegas is the most typical desert landscape area with little rainfall and hot summers. Winters are cold and windy, and occasional heavy rains can cause flooding. There is an elevated railway in the city.

The total area is 293.6 square kilometers, with an average population density of 1,630 people per square kilometer, of which whites account for about 70%, 23% are Hispanic whites, blacks account for 10%, and Asians account for 5%, except In addition to the yellow people doing business in Chinatown, there are many Asian dealers in casinos.

4. Which historical event did American history begin? What is the significance of this event?

Boston Tea Party. Boston Tea Party, also known as the Boston Tea Party, occurred in 1773. The people of Boston in the North American colonies opposed the British East India Company's monopoly on the tea trade. In 1773, the British government passed the "Relief of the East India Company Ordinance" in order to dump the East India Company's accumulated tea. This ordinance allowed the East India Company to sell to the North American colonies. The backlog of tea patents exempted them from paying high import duties and levied only a slight tea tax. The regulations explicitly prohibited the sale of "private tea" in the colonies. Therefore, the East India Company monopolized the tea transportation and sales in the North American colonies, and the price of its imported tea was relatively " Private tea was "50 percent cheaper. This regulation caused great anger among the people of the North American colonies. People drank smuggled tea accounting for nine-tenths of consumption. People in New York, Philadelphia, and Charleston refused to unload tea. In Boston, A group of young people, headed by Han Kirk and Samuel Adams, formed the Boston Tea Party. In November 1773, an East India Company ship loaded with 342 boxes of tea entered Boston Harbor. On December 16, eight thousand people in Boston* **, demanding that the East India Company tea ships anchored there be driven out of the port, but were refused. That night, anti-British people, organized by the Boston Tea Party, disguised themselves as Indians and broke into the ships, killing all the people on the three East India Company ships. All 342 boxes of tea (worth 18,000 pounds) were dumped into the sea. The British government adopted a high-pressure policy and issued a series of decrees in 1774 to block the Boston port, cancel the autonomy of Massachusetts, and freely station troops in the colonies. This further aroused the colonial people. The strong resistance of the British Empire sharpened the contradiction between the British Empire and the North American colonies, and the open conflict was increasingly expanding. The Boston Tea Party was a political uprising between the residents of Boston, Massachusetts, against the British Congress. It was the North American people's opposition to colonial rule. The beginning of violent actions was one of the key points of the American Revolution. The Boston Tea Party was a key event in the process of the American Revolution. After the incident, the British government took a series of tough measures, triggering a series of revolts in the colonies. Confrontations escalated one after another, leading to the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War in 1775. 5. The history of the United States around 1770

The American War of Independence is also called the "North American War of Independence."

In the second half of the 18th century, Britain established 13 colonies on the Atlantic coast. Each colony was ruled by a governor sent by the British.

At this time, the colony had developed a large number of plantations and established various industries such as textiles, ironmaking, and mining, and the economy was relatively prosperous. In order to increase fiscal power, the British government continued to increase taxes on the colonies and carried out arrogant oppression and cruel exploitation of the colonies.

In 1765, the British came up with a new trick: stamp duty. They stipulated that all official documents, contracts, licenses, newspapers, magazines, advertisements, documents, and wills must be affixed with tax stamps before they can be valid and circulated.

This aroused great anger among the colonial people. As a result, secret anti-British organizations such as the "Sons of Liberty" and the "Committee of Correspondence" appeared one after another, and anti-British incidents occurred everywhere. *** British goods, Driving away tax collectors, burning tax stamps, armed resistance, etc. All this caused panic among the British police, who immediately sent troops to suppress it.

On March 5, 1770, the British army opened fire on unarmed citizens in Boston, killing five citizens on the spot and wounding six others, creating the "Boston Massacre" that shocked North America. Anti-British anger burned in the hearts of the colonial people, and a war for independence and freedom was about to begin on the North American continent.

The British Communist Party prohibited colonial people from reclaiming wasteland west of the Appalachian Mountains. They also levied exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous taxes on the colonial people and dumped goods in the colonies. One night in 1773, a group of Boston youths boarded a British tea ship anchored in the port and dumped more than 300 boxes of tea into the sea.

It was for the Boston Tea Party. In the early morning of April 19, 1775, the people of Boston fired the first shot of the American Revolutionary War over Lexington. The gunfire at Lexington kicked off the American Revolutionary War.

In April 1775, Gage, the governor of Massachusetts and commander-in-chief of the garrison, received news that there was a secret munitions warehouse of the "Committee of Communications" in the town of Concord, not far from Boston. Gage immediately ordered Major Smith to lead 800 British troops to search.

The troops set off overnight. In the early morning of April 19, they arrived at Lexington, a small village 6 miles away from Concord. The British army moved forward in the predawn mist after a night's march.

They were all very sleepy and yawning constantly. Suddenly, they found dozens of villagers standing on the grass outside the village, waiting with spears in hand.

Smith knew that these armed villagers were the Lexington militia. Residents of the colonies on the North American continent called them "one-minute men" because they acted very quickly. As soon as they heard the alarm, they would be ready within one minute. You can get up and go into battle immediately.

What surprised Smith was why did these militiamen know the British army's actions so quickly? It turned out that the "Committee of Communications" scouts had already received the information and immediately hung a red light on the top of the Boston church.

The engraver Paul Revere, the messenger of the "Committee of Correspondence", immediately rode to Concord to call the police. "Shoot! Charge!" Smith saw that there were only dozens of people on the other side, and he immediately relaxed his nervousness.

He paid no attention to these dozens of militiamen in ragged clothes. He raised his command knife and issued an order. Lexington's militiamen immediately fought back and fiercely resisted the British attack. The sound of gunfire echoed over Lexington and spread far and wide.

After a few minutes, the sound of gunfire gradually became sparse. Due to the small number of people and the unfavorable terrain, the militiamen quickly withdrew from the battlefield and dispersed into hiding. Smith was very proud of his initial victory and commanded his soldiers to march straight to Concord.

When the British army arrived at the town, it was already broad daylight and the sun was rising, but no one could be seen on the streets. Every house was closed and deserted. Smith ordered a search and the British army entered every street. After rummaging around for a long time, I found nothing. It turned out that the militiamen had already moved the warehouse and the leaders of the "Communications Committee" had also gone into hiding.

"Retreat!" Smith felt that the situation was not good and quickly ordered a retreat. At this time, there were loud shouts of killing and gunshots outside the town. Militiamen from nearby villages and towns had received the news and came to Concord from all directions.

Surrounded the retreating British army. They lay in wait behind fences, in bushes, on house roofs, and on street corners to shoot at the British troops.

Group after group of British troops fell to the ground, and when the British troops raised their guns to fight back, they could not even find the shadow of the militiamen. The British army retreated all the way to Boston, and were constantly attacked by militiamen along the way.

The fighting continued until dusk, and finally it was a reinforcement force from Boston that rescued Smith and others. In this battle, the British army suffered 247 casualties, and the militiamen sacrificed dozens of people. The remaining British troops ran out of ammunition. Looking back, they were still frightened. For the first time, they tasted the iron fist of the colonial people.

A soldier said: "I haven't eaten anything for 48 hours. My hat was knocked off three times, and two bullets penetrated my jacket. My bayonet was also knocked off."

Lexington's gunfire shook the 13 colonies along the Atlantic coast. The American Revolutionary War begins.

In order to unite against the British, the Second Continental Congress in North America decided on June 14 to establish a joint armed force of the colonies, the Continental Army, and appointed Washington as commander-in-chief. On October 13, it was decided to establish a Continental Fleet.

On July 4, 1776, the Continental Congress passed the Declaration of Independence, declaring the birth of the United States of America. In the early days of the war, there was a huge disparity in strength between the two sides.

Britain is the most powerful colonial country in the world, with the world's first-class navy. There are about 30,000 British troops stationed in North America, which are well-equipped and well-trained. The North American colonies have a population of only 3 million and insufficient troops. , backward equipment and lack of training. However, the justice and progress of the war affected the course and outcome of the war.

The first stage of the war was from 1775 to 1778. The main battlefield was in the north, and the British army had the advantage. After the war began, the British army took the initiative to attack in an attempt to quickly extinguish the revolutionary fire in the colonies.

The general strategy is: the navy controls the eastern coast of North America, and the land forces advance north and south from Canada and New York respectively, opening up the line to Lake Plains and the Hudson Valley, in order to isolate New England, the most determined anti-British force. colonies, and then destroy the other colonies one by one. Due to its weak strength, the Continental Army was basically on the defensive except for an expedition to Canada in the early stages of the war, adopting the policy of waiting to defeat the enemy and soliciting foreign aid.

In May 1775, militiamen from various colonies took the initiative to attack and besieged Boston. June 17, colonists.