How much do you know about Beijing’s resources?

How much do you know about Beijing’s resources?

“The early pattern of the planned economy era has not been broken. The state’s high degree of monopoly has led to a high concentration of resources in Beijing, becoming an ‘urban black hole’. Beijing Compared with other cities, resources in some areas are not a matter of more or less, but of availability or absence."

● Zhang Heng, Wang Xiaofang Shuchen/Written

Every day. There are people coming to Beijing from other places.

In the past ten years, Beijing has added 4.729 million permanent residents, an average of 1,296 people per day. This accounted for three-quarters of Beijing's increased population, bringing Beijing's total permanent population to 21.148 million people.

This is causing headaches for government officials in Beijing. The goal in the early 1980s was to "control the population size of Beijing to around 10 million by the year 2000." However, a few years later, the total population of Beijing reached 10 million in 1988. The 2004 version of the population plan currently implemented by Beijing requires that the permanent population be controlled at 18 million by 2020, but this number was exceeded in 2010.

Beijing Vice Mayor Chen Gang said that development at the current rate means that in 10 years Beijing will need to add nearly 500 square kilometers of land; build 130 million square meters of housing; and increase transportation. 5.5 million people; 600 million cubic meters of water need to be added every year; 5 billion cubic meters of natural gas need to be added; 6,000 tons of garbage need to be added every day; 167 more middle schools and 208 more primary schools need to be added.

So far, there is no effective way to stop these outsiders. Rely on household registration? It’s useless. In the past four years, the quota for settling in Beijing has not exceeded 10,000.

Why go to Beijing?

This is a simple question, because Beijing has something that other places don’t.

Go to Beijing if you love movies

This Spring Festival, about 9 million people left Beijing and returned to Beijing, most of whom were outsiders.

Why not stay in your hometown, but go to a big city to work hard? This became a hot topic during the Spring Festival. It originated from a question and answer on Zhihu (an online Q&A community). A netizen named "Wang Yuancheng" used a long text to trace back the process from when he went to Shanghai to work alone in 2008 until he returned to his hometown in 2013 due to his mother's illness. The article's comparison between big cities and third-tier cities in hometown aroused the outcry of countless people and spread all over the Internet.

“If I had not come to Beijing, the distance between me and movies would never be shortened to what it is now. I would also never know that I could go so far on the road to my dreams.” February 6 ( On the afternoon of the seventh day of the Lunar New Year, Zhang Xiaobei had just finished four or five hours of screenwriting. When he saw this set of questions and answers, he wrote this sentence on Zhihu.

In addition to being a screenwriter, Zhang Xiaobei is also one of the founders of a trailer studio. In just two years, the studio has grown from two or three people to more than 20 people. In 2013, it produced trailers and special features for more than 40 domestic films, including Guo Jingming's "Little Times." "With the development of the overall market and the advancement of industrialization in Chinese films in the past two years, more and more new jobs are being created, and these new jobs are basically concentrated in Beijing." Zhang Xiaobei said, trailer This industry did not exist before 2011. For company employees, if they were not in Beijing, they would have no chance to get this position.

In 1997, after graduating from the Beijing Broadcasting Institute, Zhang Xiaobei returned to his hometown of Hefei, Anhui, and worked as a television reporter. In 2002, he went north again. Because in Hefei, there were only two cinemas and three screens at the time. “If you wanted to watch a movie, there was almost no other way but to buy pirated discs.”

Those who love movies can only come to Beijing. "Hengdian, Zhejiang is a big filming base, and many extras gather there. But if you want to really become an actor or a star, you still have to come to Beijing. Especially in the film industry, the most critical links in the upstream resources are there In Beijing, the cost of your time here is the lowest, and the opportunities are relatively the greatest," Zhang Xiaobei said, "From script writing, production, investment, to film marketing, promotion, and distribution, no matter what you want to do with the film. Whichever aspect of the industry you enter the film industry, Beijing has the most opportunities."

According to the "China Statistical Yearbook (2013)", Beijing produced 243 feature films in 2012, accounting for 27.2% of the country; and 98 TV series. , accounting for 19.4% of the country. In the 2013 China Cultural Industry Development Index report released by Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Beijing ranked first with an index value of 82.75, far higher than the second-placed Guangdong Province of 48.52. In 2009, Shanghai once occupied the first echelon with Beijing, but since 2010 Since the beginning of this year, Shanghai’s ranking has declined, forming the second echelon with Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong and other provinces. Most of the Western Region scored less than 20 points, ranking behind 12th.

Beijing Patients

Beijing is still a city of patients. In 2012, 9,974 health institutions received 185 million outpatient visits, which was more than the total number of outpatient visits in Inner Mongolia and Jilin provinces combined.

This city gathers the top hospitals in the country, including Union Medical College, 301, Children's Hospital, Jishuitan... etc., and it also attracts the largest number of patients in the country.

A child was brought to Peking University Maternal and Child Clinic by his parents. On Thursday afternoon, there were only five specialist numbers available on Friday. Before the numbers were released, all the previous efforts were wasted just because one person jumped in the queue. An expert account worth 14 yuan has been sold to hundreds or even thousands of yuan in the hands of account dealers.

Wang Hang’s wife is pregnant, so he has to go to the hospital at 5 a.m. for a check-up. Finally, when I got to work, I was informed that the doctor would be closed for the day. This young man, who majored in medicine and had worked in an Internet company, thought about whether he could do something through the Internet. "We knew when we were in school that a large number of experts are concentrated in Beijing." Wang Hang said, "Beijing is the capital and has long had high academic standards. Beijing's institutions and projects are more likely to receive support. Medical talents are also more willing to stay. In Beijing, with this accumulation, Beijing’s medical resources will accumulate more and more.”

In the end, he and several friends founded “Good Doctor Online”, where patients can query more than 3,000 hospitals across the country. diagnosis and treatment information and make online outpatient appointments. Experts can answer questions online and popularize medical knowledge. Among the hospitals included on the website, Beijing accounts for 5% of the total. Among the 300,000 doctors, Beijing accounts for 10%. However, 30% of the questions asked by patients are answered by Beijing experts. Wang Hang said, "Judging from the answers to questions on the website, there are more doctors in Beijing who can handle major diseases, especially difficult and complicated diseases, and they have more say."

But " "Good Doctor Online" cannot solve the problem of tight medical resources. Zhang Yan gave up those top-level hospitals with superb technology and preferred high-end private hospitals. Most of the time, money always solves the problem.

Money Never Sleeps

Zhang Yan is from Tianjin. After graduating from a prestigious British school, in order to be closer to her parents, she gave up opportunities in Shanghai, Hong Kong and Singapore and joined a foreign investment company in Beijing. The company works in Beijing CBD.

This is the area with the highest concentration of foreign companies in Beijing. Among the more than 30,000 companies, there are more than 200 Fortune 500 companies. The regional headquarters of 70 multinational companies are located in the area around Zhang Yan, accounting for 70% of Beijing. In 2012, there were more than 26,000 foreign-invested enterprises in Beijing, and the number in Tianjin, which is also a municipality directly under the Central Government, was less than half of that in Beijing.

Beijing’s average daily enterprise GDP is close to 5 billion yuan, of which 695 million yuan is produced by 300,000 financial industry practitioners, including Zhang Yan. However, the centerpiece of Beijing's financial industry is not in the CBD, but in Financial Street - an area of ??nearly 1.5 million square meters surrounded by four streets: Chang'an Street, Fuchengmennei Street, Taipingqiao Street, and Nanlishi Road. It is the center of Beijing and even the country. Where financial resources are most concentrated.

On April 13, 2012, a clerk dressed as the God of Wealth distributed coupons in the Financial Street of Beijing, China (IC / Picture)

The Central Bank, China Banking Regulatory Commission, China Securities Regulatory Commission, and China Insurance Regulatory Commission One-third of the national commercial banks and 60% of the insurance groups are headquartered here. Every day, 100,000 people go to work in more than 1,400 financial institutions - the assets of these financial institutions have exceeded 65 trillion yuan, accounting for nearly half of the country’s total.

This is a place where every inch of land is precious. Jones Lang LaSalle, an American real estate and capital management company, released a report stating that Financial Street ranks third among the world's most expensive office locations, behind only London's St. James's and Hong Kong's Central. But just like that, a large number of companies are still trying to find ways to settle here, and Wang Yawei, the CEO of Qianhe Capital, is making this plan.

The current office of this company is located in Beijing International Building, Haidian District, Beijing, 8 kilometers away from the Financial Street. If the traffic is smooth, it can be reached in half an hour. But for Wang Yawei, this is still too far. The man who is known as the "Chinese Stock God" in the industry feels that he has too little communication with the industry and can't bear to be far away from regulators - in his opinion, this will affect his access to information to a certain extent.

In this tiny place, tens of billions of funds flow in and out every day, and the government can collect 248.28 billion yuan in tax revenue from here in a year. Thanks to this financial giant, Xicheng District has also become the area with the highest tax revenue in Beijing. In 2012, Xicheng District's total tax revenue was 307.42 billion yuan, while Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region's annual tax revenue was only 274.68 billion yuan, and Anhui Province's annual tax revenue of 306.51 billion yuan was only the same as Xicheng District's.

Zhongguancun Empire

In December 2013, decision makers on the financial street issued a control order on Bitcoin payments, which made entrepreneur Li Lin very nervous.

A year ago, he had just founded Huobi, a Bitcoin trading website in Shangdi, and was preparing to show off his skills in this industry. Now the central bank’s policies are likely to cut off his livelihood. In his anxiety, he heard that the director of the Central Bank's Payment and Clearing Department was a part-time professor at the School of Economics and Management at Tsinghua University, and quickly contacted the director through Tsinghua University. After asking the director about the policy direction, Li Lin concluded that "it may not be so pessimistic." Considering that the China Banking Regulatory Commission has not yet imposed similar restrictions, they found several banks and established channels for recharging via bank transfers. It was after that that Huobi became the Bitcoin trading platform with the largest trading volume in China. One reason why people are willing to stay in Beijing is that you can often find the people you need here.

Li Lin is a native of Hengyang, Hunan. He worked for Oracle for two years. After resigning, he plunged into the entrepreneurial circle of Zhongguancun.

This was originally a limited street, mainly selling electronic products. Now, there are 224 listed companies here alone, including familiar giants such as Tencent, Baidu, Google, Microsoft, and Lenovo.

The previous areas could no longer accommodate the expansion appetite of the government and enterprises. Zhongguancun began to expand its territory in various districts and counties in Beijing, including Xicheng, Chaoyang, Changping, Tongzhou, Miyun, Yanqing... almost all Districts and counties in Beijing all have the name "Zhongguancun". In 2012, the State Council approved Zhongguancun’s regional scope to reach 16 parks.

In this park, which is as huge as a federal empire, China’s most intensive scientific, educational, and intellectual talents are gathered. More than 15,000 entrepreneurs like Li Lin sweat profusely in residential buildings and stay up all night in office buildings. There are also a few young people who aimlessly asked people they met on the streets of Zhongguancun if they were willing to lend money to others online. They planned to make an Internet financial product, but after collecting 200 surveys, only three or four people were willing. It doesn’t matter, we’ll talk about it later. Another person born in the 1980s half-jokingly said that his wish is to fulfill all the wishes of his employees within five years - female employees want to get married, and male employees want to manage a team of all girls... Various entrepreneurs, Meet, communicate and collide at the favorite gathering places of entrepreneurs such as 3W Coffee and Garage Coffee. Eventually, 6,000 companies were created in Zhongguancun.

Every city across the country is using the same method, or even giving greater strength to support entrepreneurs, but many young people with dreams and middle-aged people who hope to give it a last try seem to have the exception of Zhongguancun No one recognizes anyone. Zhongguancun officials proudly claim that one-third of the investment cases that occur in China every year originate from Zhongguancun.

When Li Lin needs to recruit people for the company, it is relatively easy to find the right one. "There are dozens of famous Internet companies in Beijing, and there is a huge flow of talent." The young boss imagined that if he were in Hangzhou or Shenzhen, he would have to hire people from Alibaba and Tencent with high salaries. "It is also very necessary to maintain industry exchanges." The strongest atmosphere is here, Li Lin said. "Those colleagues in Shanghai come to Beijing several times a month."

Academic and Politics

There are 41 universities located within Zhongguancun’s sphere of influence, including many famous schools such as Peking University and Tsinghua University. Li Lin often goes to these schools to participate in academic discussions about Bitcoin.

Education is the best resource in this city. Beijing has 89 general colleges and universities, which is not an advantageous number nationwide, but among these schools are 23 211 institutions—while in Li Lin’s hometown of Hunan, there are only 4. Among the only 39 985 universities in the country, 8 are in Beijing and only 3 are in Hunan.

Although he has reached the position of dean of the School of Politics and Public Affairs Management at Sun Yat-sen University, which is ranked both on the 211 and 985 lists, Ren Jiantao still decided to leave his job and go north. Since 2009, he has been a professor in the Department of Political Science at Renmin University.

“At that time, there were also colleges and universities in Shanghai looking for me,” Ren Jiantao said. The reason why he chose Beijing was firstly because of the competition and advantages within his major. “Beijing gathers more outstanding talents and academic exchanges. The platform is higher. Second, there are excellent newspapers and new media in Beijing, so our research results can be noticed and disseminated more quickly. Third, our research is more likely to attract the attention of the central government and ministries. It is easy to become a 'guest' of the central leadership." This scholar, who studies politics itself, felt in Guangzhou that no matter how hard he worked, he could only attract attention in academic circles. "In the eyes of the central government, you are nothing. It's a local institution. It's different now. Beijing's advantage is the 'power advantage' on the table."

How much do you know about Beijing’s resources (2)

Data from the China Bureau of Statistics obviously supports Ren Jiantao’s judgment. In 2012, there were 79,343 national project subjects, and Beijing’s research institutions undertook 48,100 national project subjects—the expenditure on these subjects reached 45.5 billion yuan, which is almost 107.8 billion yuan of the total national expenditure on subjects. half. Even if money is not a concern, it is much more convenient to look up information in Beijing. Calculating the collection of books in the Beijing Public Library alone, the per capita number of books in Beijing is 1.01. Many developed coastal provinces are not far behind this. However, after adding the collection of the National Library, the per capita number in Beijing reaches 1.01. 2.69 copies.

The only Chang'an Street

Beijing has a total road mileage of more than 50,000 kilometers, of which 38 kilometers are extremely special. In 2010, it decided to extend 6.46 kilometers westward, which quickly attracted 135 billion yuan in investment projects. It is Chang'an Street, which is positioned as "the seat of the central leading organs", and most of the central organs are located on this street.

Feng Chujun is a researcher at the Beijing Public Will Think Tank Consulting Center. After graduating from the Department of Sociology at Peking University in 1987, he entered the China Institute of Economic Structural Reform and now starts a business on Chang'an Street. "I had a lot of connections in some central ministries and commissions before. My former colleagues and classmates were in the system and had innate channels to serve the central ministries and commissions." Feng Chujun said that they later took over many projects from the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and other central ministries and commissions. subject.

These experiences have in turn become the capital for Feng Chujun and others to expand their business, "A lot of the topics we are doing now are for local governments... Because Chinese society is top-down, local governments will think that 'Beijing "The monks are good at chanting scriptures." Because of our experience in consulting for central ministries, it is easier to arouse the trust of local governments. "In China, being connected with Chang'an Street means a self-evident certification.

For Beijing, Chang'an Avenue is the source of all the above. "The early pattern of the planned economy era has not been broken, and the state's high degree of monopoly has led to a high concentration of resources in Beijing, becoming an 'urban black hole'. Compared with other cities, Beijing's resources in some areas are not a matter of more or less, but a matter of more or less. It’s a matter of having or not, so many people can only make painful choices between having and having nothing.” Ren Jiantao said that Beijing’s relationship with him is not a recognition relationship, but a transactional relationship. In the past few years, every holiday, I will return to Guangzhou immediately.

But as long as there are resources, those who left will come back. More and more people will come here. Even if some people don't know whether Beijing needs them or what Beijing can give them, you can't say this is a blind choice.

Now go to Zhihu and open the Q&A mentioned earlier. For some reason, "Wang Yuancheng" deleted the reply that touched many people. Currently, the most liked reply is "Bang Ni "In reply, she also told a very long story about Beijing, ending with:

"Why do we endure Beijing, no matter what, can't bear to leave? I think, because this city, It gives us the most precious thing - possibility. Of course, many times, it may just be possible. This is the cruelty. I will always remember that there are a few moments every year when I walk out of the subway station and feel that this is a building. City of hope.

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This article was published in the 269th issue of "Vista Sees the World"