Famous places of interest, celebrities, allusions, and ancient poems related to Hangzhou

Hangzhou Scenic and Historic Sites

West Lake Scenic Area

West Lake Scenic Area is a national-level scenic area. The total area is 60.04 square kilometers. Starting from Songmuchang and Bao Road in Hangzhou City in the east, turn to the north of Children's Palace Square, passing through Baisha Road, Huancheng West Road, Hubin Road, Nanshan Road to the south of Wansongling and all the scenic spots of Wushan, Ziyang Mountain and Yunju Mountain; in the south, it starts along the Drum Tower From the foothills on the east side of Wushan, Ziyang and Yunju mountains, pass through Fengshan Gate and follow Fenghuang Mountain Road to Tianhua Mountain along the West Lake water diversion channel to the north bank of the Qiantang River, then turn to the Coral Sand Reservoir to the north of Liufangling; west from Liufangling, Zhugan Mountain and Jiufan Mountain Quling, Mingrenling to Meiren Peak, Beifeng, Lingfeng Mountain to the east of the ridgeline of Laohe Mountain; in the north, from the foothills of Laohe Mountain (the west wall of Zhejiang University), turn 30 meters north of Qingzhiwu Road and connect to Yugu Road and Zhejiang University Road, Shuguang Road to the south of Pine Tree Farm. The peripheral protected area covers an area of ??35.64 square kilometers, starting from Nanxingqiao Riverside Park, Jiangcheng Road, Fengshan Bridge, Zhongshan South Road, Gulou to Hefang Street, Yan'an South Road, Yan'an Road in the east, then to Qingchun Road, Wulin Road, Jiaochang Road to The area to the west of Huancheng West Road; to the middle line of the main channel of Qiantang River in the south, the area north of Hangfu Road to Zhuantang; to the west is the area east of Liuzhuan Road; in the north from Liuzhou, through Hanghui Road and Tianmushan Road to Wulinmen Southern region. With West Lake as the core, the West Lake Scenic Area has 60 national, provincial, and municipal level cultural relics protection units and more than 100 scenic spots, including the Ten Scenic Spots of the West Lake and the New Ten Scenic Spots of the West Lake. West Lake was formerly known as Wulin Water, Qiantang Lake, Mingsheng Lake, Jinniu Lake, etc. It is surrounded by mountains to the north, west and south, urban area to the east, cloud mountains on three sides and city on the other. People in the Tang Dynasty called it West Lake because the lake was in the west of the city. Su Dongpo wrote a poem when he was guarding Hangzhou: The clear water is beautiful when the water is shining, but the mountains are also strange when they are empty and covered with rain. If you want to compare the West Lake to the West, it is always better to put on light makeup and heavy makeup. Therefore, it is also called West Lake. The outline of the lake is approximately oval, with an area of ??6.03 square kilometers, of which the water surface area is 5.66 square kilometers and the lakeshore circumference is 15 kilometers. The bottom of the lake is relatively flat, with an average water depth of about 1.5 meters, the deepest point is about 2.8 meters, and the shallowest point is less than 1 meter. Bai Causeway and Su Causeway divide the lake into five parts: outer lake, inner lake, Yue Lake, Xili Lake and Xiaonan Lake. There are four islands in the lake: Gushan, Xiaoyingzhou, Huxinting and Ruan Gongdun. The main streams flowing into the West Lake are Jinsha Port, Longhong Stream and Changqiao Stream. The West Lake water diversion project drills into the ground and passes through the mountains, attracting the clear flow of the Qiantang River. The main outlets for regulating the water level of the West Lake are: Shengtang Sluice, which flows into the canal through the Shengtang River; and Yongjin Sluice, which flows through the Huansha River underground pipeline into the Cheng River outside Wulin Gate. In ancient times, West Lake was a shallow bay connected to the Qiantang River. Later, due to siltation, the sea was cut off, and the sea water inside the sand spit became a lagoon. Therefore, the folk proverb says: The pearl of the West Lake falls from the sky, and the dragons and phoenixes dance to Qiantang. West Lake is washed by running water from mountain springs and has undergone generations of artificial dredging. When the poets Bai Juyi (772-846) and Su Dongpo (1037-1101) were governors of Hangzhou, they carefully managed the West Lake, dredged the lake mud, built water conservancy projects, irrigated farmland, and formed three islands in the lake and two Baisu embankments. , the beautiful scenery of the tower shadow on the lake. The mountains surrounding the lake are verdant, with luxuriant flowers and trees. The peaks, rocks, caves, and ravines are interspersed with springs, pools, streams, and ravines. The green green bushes are dotted with pavilions, pavilions, pagodas, and grottoes. The lakes and mountains are picturesque. Between the clear blue waves and green clouds and green valleys, there are countless beautiful natural landscapes and dazzling historical monuments. Chinese folklore says: There are thirty-six West Lakes in the world, and Hangzhou is the best among them. He also said that the beauty of the West Lake is difficult to paint and write poems in ancient and modern times. During the Zhengtong period of the Ming Dynasty, a Japanese envoy visited the West Lake and wrote a poem: I saw a picture of this lake in the past, but I did not believe that this lake existed in the world. We crossed the lake today and the painter still needs some time. The title of the Ten Scenes of the West Lake originated from the four-character sentence inscribed by the Northern Song Dynasty landscape painter Song Di. He used Pingsha Luoyan, Shanshi Qinglan, Yuanpu Guifan, etc. to mark the content of his paintings. Later landscape painters followed suit. In the 13th century AD, painters Ma Yuan and Chen Qingbo of the Southern Song Dynasty captured the essence of the West Lake scenery in their paintings. They also marked the pictures of Orioles in the Waves in the Willows, Clouds on the Two Peaks, Autumn Moon on the Flat Lake, Remaining Snow on the Broken Bridge, Moon Reflected on Three Pools, Sunset on Leifeng Peak, Spring Dawn on Su Di and Nan Screening the Evening Bell, and later painted two paintings of Fish Viewing in Huagang and Lotus Breeze in Quyuan, thus the term "Ten Scenes of West Lake" came into being. Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty toured the West Lake south, inscribed names and erected steles for the ten scenic spots, and changed the two peaks to cross the clouds to the double peaks to cross the clouds, and the Quyuan Hefeng to Quyuan Fenghe. The ten scenic spots of West Lake were thus determined. In 1985, Hangzhou Daily, Hangzhou Garden and Cultural Relics Administration and other units launched an activity to collect new scenic spots and names. 50,000 people participated, which lasted for 8 months. As a result, ten scenic spots were selected, including Yunqi Bamboo Trail, Manlong Osmanthus Rain, Hupao Mengquan, Longjing Wencha, Jiuxi Smoke Tree, Wushan Tianfeng, Ruandun Huanbi, Huanglong Tucui, Jade Emperor Flying Clouds and Gemstone Liuxia. , people call it the Ten Scenes of the New West Lake. Ten famous figures including Chen Yun, Liu Haisu and Zhao Puchu inscribed their names and erected monuments for it. In the West Lake Scenic Area, in addition to the Ten Scenic Spots and the New Ten Scenic Spots, famous scenic spots include Tianzhu, Wuyun Mountain, Phoenix Mountain, Yushan, Beifeng, Huxinting, Baidi, Gushan, Fanghe Pavilion, Liuzhuang, Hangzhou Flower garden, botanical garden, Nanfeng Peak, Shuile Cave, Shifeng, Geling, Ziyun Cave, Xixi, Lingfeng Plum Blossom, etc. ?

Su Causeway is located on the west side of West Lake at Spring Dawn, connecting Nanshan Road and Beishan Road at its north and south ends, with a total length of 2.8 kilometers. It was built by Su Dongpo, a poet of the Northern Song Dynasty, who organized migrant workers to dredge the West Lake and pile up mud when he was an official in Hangzhou. There are also six stone arch bridges arranged on the embankment, namely Yingbo, Suolan, Wangshan, Yadi, Dongpu and Kuahong, with alternating ups and downs, breaking the monotony of the long straight road. There are peach trees and willow trees on both sides of the embankment, and the scenery is beautiful.

The embankment is now paved with asphalt, and the wide lawns on both sides are planted with various flowers and trees. There are long chairs at regular intervals, which is very quiet. During the day, tourists stroll around and browse in a leisurely atmosphere; at night, it becomes a marriage road for local couples to meet for trysts. The scenery of Sudi is different in four seasons, morning and dusk, sunny, cloudy, rainy and snowy all have interesting tastes. Especially in the spring morning, the mist on the lake is like veil, and the smoke and willows on the embankment are like clouds, so it is called the spring dawn on Su Di. ?

The Oriole in the Willows is located on the southeast bank of West Lake, near Qingbo Gate on Nanshan Road. This was originally the Jujing Garden, the imperial garden of the emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty. There was a Liulang Bridge in the garden, and weeping willows were planted all along the lake. The dense willow silk seemed to hang a green curtain by the lake. The spring breeze blows, the blue waves fly, and the sound of chirping orioles comes from deep in the shade. Hence the name "Weeping the Orioles in the Willow Waves". Now it has been expanded into a night park, with the area expanded from the original corner to 17 hectares. The whole park is divided into four scenic areas: Youyi, Wenying, Jujing and Nanyuan. A new bird paradise has been added to the Wenying Pavilion, where hundreds of birds are flying and the orioles are singing and dancing. The park is full of green grass and blooming flowers. ?Quyuan Fenghe The original Quyuan Fenghe was under the Hongqiao bridge at the north end of Su Causeway (the place where Kangxi inscribed the monument). In the Song Dynasty, there was a Quyuan brewing official wine. Many lotus flowers were planted in it. The fragrance was deep in the lotus, so there was the saying of Quyuan Fenghe. The current Quyuan Fenghe is hundreds of times larger than the original, and the layout is very exquisite. There are countless kinds of lotus flowers on the vast water surface of the lotus viewing area. The lotus viewing corridors, pavilions, pavilions and pavilions built near the water are simple and elegant, contrasting with the green clouds and the fragrance of lotus. There is also a West Lake Jungle Resort. The dense forest area in the park, with towering trees and thick shade covering the sky, is quite like an old forest in a deep mountain. There are many elevated birch structure huts and wooden bungalows in the forest, as well as cooking utensils for tourists to camp and have picnics. ?

Pinghu Qiuyue is located at the west end of Baidi, facing water on three sides and leaning against a lonely mountain. In the Tang Dynasty, a Pavilion overlooking the lake was built here. In the 38th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1699), it was rebuilt into the Royal Library, and a platform was built out of the water in front of the building, and a stele pavilion was erected, so it was named Pinghu Qiuyue. Standing on the platform and looking at the scenery of the West Lake, it is interesting no matter whether it is sunny or rainy, especially on an autumn night when the moon is in the sky, the lake is full of autumn light, which is full of poetry and painting. ?

Three Pools Reflecting the Moon is located around Xiaoyingzhou, one of the three islands in the West Lake. The base of the island was built with excavated mud when Su Dongpo organized migrant workers to dredge the West Lake. In the Ming Dynasty, circular dikes and ridges were built along the island to form an island in the lake and a lake in the island, just like the Penglai Fairy Island. It is such a wonderful place that it is named Xiaoyingzhou. Now there are curved bridges and unique pavilions and pavilions on the island. Under the cover of green clouds and the fragrance of lotus, the landscape is rich in layers and has a profound artistic conception. There are three beautiful small stone towers on the water in the south of Xiaoyingzhou Island. They were the coordinates that Su Dongpo erected in the deep water when he organized the dredging of the West Lake. It was rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty and is now in its current form. On an autumn night, the bright moon is in the sky. If you light candles in the tower and cover the hole with tissue paper, the light shines through, and it looks like small moons reflecting in the water, forming a wonderful scene of a round moon in the sky and three shadows in the lake. This is how the Three Pools Reflect the Moon got its name. ?

The Leifeng Pagoda is built on the Xizhao Mountain on the south bank of West Lake at sunset. It was built by the King of Wuyue in 975 to celebrate the birth of Huang Fei’s son, and named it Huang Fei Pagoda. Later generations changed its name to Leifeng Pagoda because it was located on a hill called Leifeng. When the sun sets in the west, the shadow of the tower stretches across the sky, resplendent and magnificent. Leifeng Sunset is named after this. When it was first built, Leifeng Pagoda had 13 floors and can be climbed. After a fire in the Ming Dynasty, it was changed to 7 floors, and later to 5 floors and 8 sides. Leifeng Pagoda and Bao? The towers face each other across the lake, so the north and the south are facing each other. One lake reflects the two towers, and the thunder peak looks like Lao Na. Bao? As the girl said. The twin towers on the lake and the twin shadows in the water complement each other with the three islands in the lake and the two Subai embankments. They have added infinite beauty to tourists and brought rich myths and historical legends, which have fascinated many poets and painters in the past dynasties. Later, the Leifeng Pagoda collapsed on the afternoon of September 25, 1924 because the bricks were stolen by the villagers and the base of the tower was hollowed out. Therefore, the sunset view of Leifeng has only a good reputation. The "Hangzhou City Master Plan" approved by the State Council in May 1983 clearly stated that Leifeng Pagoda, one of the ten scenic spots in the West Lake and widely popular among the people, will be restored. In the near future, this attraction will regain its glory. ?

Nanping Evening Bell is the bell and bell of Jingci Temple at the foot of Nanping Mountain. Jingci Temple was built by King Wu Yue in 954 for the eminent monk Yongming Zen Master. It was originally named Yongming Zen Temple and was renamed Jingci Zen Temple in the Southern Song Dynasty. It is one of the four major jungle temples in West Lake. There was originally a big bell in front of the temple. Every evening, the bell echoed in the mist and mist, bringing people into the artistic conception of the jade screen, the green peaks, the dusk smoke flying, and the cyan palace bell ringing faintly. The Nanping Evening Bell and the sunset at Leifeng are opposite each other across the road. The shadow of the tower bell constitutes the two most charming evening scenes among the ten sceneries of the West Lake. Jingci Temple is also accompanied by the myth and legend of Jigong. There is a sacred well for transporting wood in the temple, which attracts countless tourists to come and watch. From the Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, Jingci Temple experienced ups and downs. After two renovations in 1959 and 1984, it was restored to new condition. A new bronze bell weighing 15,000 kilograms was cast. The melodious bell echoed in the night sky of West Lake. ?

The Broken Bridge is the eastern starting point of Baidi and is located at the watershed point of Waihu Lake and Beili Lake. The name of the Broken Bridge comes from the Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Hu's poem "Broken Bridge". It is also called Broken Bridge because the road to Gushan is broken here. The story of "The Legend of the White Snake", one of China's four major folklores, happened here. In the old days, there were steps on the stone arch bridge, and there was a small pavilion in the center of the bridge. In the snow in winter, the ice and snow melted on the sunny side of the bridge, but the shady side was covered with jade and silver pavilions. The bridge seemed to be broken by inches, and also like the bridge and embankment were broken, forming a unique landscape. It is also known as the Broken Bridge with Remaining Snow. ?

Shuangfeng Chaoyun is located beside Hongchun Bridge on Lingyin Road, where Shuangfeng Chaoyun Yubei Pavilion is located.

The two peaks refer to the most famous south peak and north peak of the two mountain ranges surrounding Hunan in Tianzhu Mountain. The two peaks face each other at a distance, more than 10 miles apart. When the mountain rain was about to come, I looked towards the majestic twin peaks. The clouds were as thick as the distant mountains, and the distant mountains were as light as floating clouds. The clouds and the mountains were hazy and difficult to distinguish. The peaks of the twin peaks flickered. Plug into the cloud. At this time, visitors seem to be facing a huge splash-ink landscape painting, with the vast sea of ??clouds and the faintly visible peaks. This is how Shuangfeng inserted the clouds got its name. ?

Huagang Fish Viewing Park is located at the southern end of Sudi, leaning against Xishan Mountain in the north. It is the largest first-level park in the West Lake Scenic Area. In ancient times, because a stream flowed from Huajia Mountain into the West Lake, it was called Huagang. During the Song Dynasty, Lu Garden was built at the foot of Huajia Mountain. It was the private garden of Lu Yunsheng, the internal servant of the Southern Song Dynasty. Flowers and fish were planted in the garden. The scenery was so picturesque that it was labeled by the painter as "Huagang Fish Watching". The abandoned garden was rebuilt during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. This scenic spot originally only had one monument, one pavilion, one pool and three acres of land. Now it has been built into a large park covering an area of ??more than 20 hectares. Fish viewing in Huagang is centered on fish, and across the large lawn is the fish paradise. Visitors gather around the fish pond to cast bait, and schools of fish are churning in the water, chasing and competing for food. The red light and sound, colors and sounds make the fish and people happy. scene. ?

The Yunqi Bamboo Trail is located in Yunqiwu in Wuyun Mountain, about 20 kilometers away from the lakeside. It is said that the colorful clouds floating from Wuyun Mountain often stay here, hence the name Yunqi. Entering from the Yunqi Stone Archway, you will see a natural scenery of thousands of green poles and several meandering mountain streams and thin springs along the way. Next to the bamboo path are the Stele Pavilion and Xixin Pavilion where Chen Yun inscribed Yunqi Bamboo Path. In the small pool in front of the pavilion, the water is clear to the bottom and very cool, which can wash away the dust. ?

Manlong Guiyu Manlong refers to the path Manjuelong between the South Peak and Baihe Peak. More than 7,000 sweet-scented osmanthus trees are planted along this mountain road. In the golden autumn season, the woods are graceful, the pearls and trees are beautiful, and the empty mountains are filled with fragrance, which is refreshing to the heart. There is a poem from the ancients that says: August is the time to travel to the West Lake in the Qing Dynasty. Where can I smell the fragrance and enjoy the secluded scenery? I feel full of golden grains beside the Long River, and the wind blows in the autumn of thousands of mountains. Therefore, it was named Manlong Guiyu. At the southern foot of Shiwu Ridge between Nanfeng Mountain and Qinglong Mountain, there is a cave shaped like a stone house, named Shiwu Cave. There is an Osmanthus Hall in front of the cave. ?

Hupao Dream Spring Hupao is Hupao Spring, located in Dinghui Zen Temple in Daci Mountain. The name Hupao comes from the dream spring. Legend has it that the eminent monk Xingkong lived here in the Tang Dynasty, but later planned to move away due to water shortages. One day, he received instructions from God in a dream: There is a Tongzi Spring on Hengshan Mountain in Nanyue, and two tigers should be sent to move it there. Sure enough, I saw two tigers running on the ground and making dens, with spring water gushing out. This is how Hupao Mengquan got its name. The fun of visiting Hupao lies in the spring. After entering the mountain gate, the clear spring makes a string-like sound under the feet, just like the pipa music of dripping beads falling on the plate. Hupao Spring is very clear and the water quality is clean. Longjing tea leaves Hupao water, which has always been known as the two best places in the West Lake. From listening to the spring, observing the spring, tasting the spring, testing the spring to dreaming of the spring, people can naturally enter a wonderful realm of vividness, fantasy and contentment. Hupao is also the place where the well-known legendary figure Jigong is buried. Jigong Hall and Jigong Pagoda are located here. The modern art master Li Shutong became a monk here, and the memorial room of Master Hongyi is also very interesting. ?

Longjing Wencha Longjing is located on Fenghuang Ridge to the west of West Lake. During the Jin Dynasty, Ge Hong made elixirs here. During severe droughts, the water in the well did not dry up. People thought it was connected to the sea, so it was named Longjing. The strange thing about Longjing water is that when it is stirred, a water dividing line appears on the water surface, like a gossamer, which keeps swinging and then slowly disappears. This little wonder adds to the fun for visitors. Since ancient times, people have regarded a glass of mountain water as the best enjoyment. Longjing is both a famous spring and the origin of China's famous Longjing green tea, so it is named Longjing Wencha. Longjing green tea has four characteristics: green color, strong aroma, beautiful shape and sweet taste. ?

Jiuxi Yanshu is the famous scenic spot Jiuxi Eighteen Streams. Located under the Jiguan Ridge in the mountains to the west of West Lake, one end is connected to the Yanxia Third Cave and the other end is connected to the Qiantang River. The center point is a beach and park in front of Jiuxi Restaurant. From here, you can go up the stairs along the Jiguan Ridge to the Wangjiang Pavilion on the top of the mountain. Looking at the Qiantang River in front of the pavilion, you can have a panoramic view of the zigzag-shaped river flow. In the distance, there are vast mist and the water and sky are the same color. The main scenery of Jiuxi is water. The so-called nine and eighteen are virtual references, meaning more. The water of Jiuxi originates from Yangmeiling. Along the way, it merges with the streams of nine mountain docks, including Qingwan, Hongfa, Tangjia, Xiaokang, Foshi, Baizhang, Yunqi, Zhutou and Fangjia. It twists and turns and disappears. Suddenly it flows into the Qiantang River. Eighteen streams originate from Longjing Mountain. They pass through forests and around the foothills between Shishiyu, Sunwenlong and Jiguanlong, and merge with countless streams. The water of the nine streams and eighteen streams flows with the mountains, and the mountains are alive with water. The mountains and trees here are enlivened by the criss-crossing, winding and endlessly flowing water, forming the misty green mountains with low white clouds, thousands of valleys vying to flow down the nine streams, overlapping mountains, and twists and turns. Huanhuan Road, Dingdingdongdongdongquan, a wonderful scene with tall trees and trees. Therefore, it is praised as the Nine Streams Smoke Tree. ?

Wushan Tianfeng Wushan is located in the southeast of West Lake. The mountain extends into the urban area and is only 100 meters high. However, the mountains are beautiful, the rocks are beautiful, and the scenery is unique. It is the richest and most interesting mountain among the mountains around West Lake. of a mountain. The twelve peaks of Wushan in the north of the top of the mountain are full of strange rocks, with names such as Pen Stand, Incense Burner, Chessboard, Elephant Trunk, Jade Bamboo Shoot, Turtle Breath, Coiling Dragon, Wu He, Ming Feng, Fu Hu, Jian Quan, Niu Mian and so on. These rocks resemble the animals in the Chinese zodiac and are also called zodiac stones. Wushan is a place where Wu, Yue and Southern Song cultures gathered. There are many cliff carvings on the mountain. Su Dongpo's poem about peonies and the characters "Suihan pines and cypresses" written by Wu Dongsheng in the Ming Dynasty are engraved on the Gaoyuan Rock next to the original Baocheng Temple. On the cliff below are the characters "First Mountain" written by Mi Fu, a calligrapher of the Song Dynasty.

Many ancient camphor trees on the mountain have cloud-like crowns, are simple and vigorous, and are generally more than four to five hundred years old. The oldest Song Zhang is over 800 years old. Wushan stretches across the Qiantang River on the left and West Lake on the right. It is a scenic spot for viewing the rivers and lakes and the city from a bird's eye view. A new river and lake gathering pavilion was built on the top of the mountain. The couplet in front of the pavilion is an inscription by Xu Wenchang of the Ming Dynasty that was moved from the original City God's Temple on the mountain: "Eight hundred miles of lakes and mountains know what year they were painted. Hundreds of thousands of fireworks are all gathered here." It just points out the beauty of Wushan Tianfeng. ?

Ruan Dun is Ruan Gong Dun, one of the three islands in the West Lake. It was formed by the accumulation of silt when Ruan Yuan, the governor of Zhejiang Province in the Qing Dynasty, dredged the West Lake. The soil on the island is soft and there were no buildings originally. In recent years, pavilions, pavilions, halls and pavilions with green bamboo structures have been built. The shapes are simple but elegant. The short hedges and thatched cottages are surrounded by flowers and trees, forming a unique water garden. Because it is located on the sparkling blue waves, shrouded in the dense jungle, and surrounded by green, it was named Ruan Dun Huan Bi. On summer and autumn nights, antique tours around Bizhuang are held on the island, recreating the grand occasion of welcoming and entertaining guests at the ancient manor. When tourists go to the island, they are all guests of the owner of the ancient manor, and are entertained with singing and dancing, and the atmosphere is very quaint.

Huanglong Spits Green Huanglong refers to the Huanglong Ancient Cave at the foot of Qixia Ridge, which is the most famous spot in Qixia Cave Scenery. Legend has it that a monk named Huikai from the Song Dynasty came here to build a temple and practice Buddhism. The yellow dragon flew there and the spring water spewed out from the dragon's mouth, hence the name. Huanglong Cave is surrounded by dense green shade and winding paths, and is dominated by bamboo scenery. In the square bamboo garden, there are square bamboos with thorns on the joints, which are rare among bamboos. There are also many harp bamboos, phoenix-tailed bamboos, purple bamboos, spotted bamboos, Ruo bamboos, and Phyllostachys japonicus planted throughout the garden, and the trees are green. In recent years, the cave has also been turned into an antique garden. Therefore, the sound of ancient music in Changle Pavilion is melodious and melodious. Being in the deep cave, it makes people feel as if they are in heaven. ?

Jade Emperor Feiyun Jade Emperor refers to Jade Emperor Mountain, located to the south of West Lake. According to folklore, West Lake is a pearl that fell from the sky. It was guarded by jade dragons and golden phoenixes and came to Qiantang. Later, the Jade Dragon became the Jade Emperor Mountain, also known as the Jade Dragon Mountain, and the Golden Phoenix became the Phoenix Mountain next to it. Yuhuang Mountain is 237 meters high, with the Dengyun Pavilion built at the highest point. Climbing this pavilion, at the foot of Yunfei, is like climbing into a fairyland. You can overlook the Qiantang River, overlook the West Lake, and have a panoramic view of the entire city of Hangzhou, so it is named Jade Emperor Feiyun. . There are places of interest such as Ciyun Cave, Zilai Cave, Ciyun Palace, Tianyi Pond and other places on the mountain. ?

The Gemstone Flowing Clouds is on Gemstone Mountain on the north bank of West Lake. The protection of Gemstone Mountain? The tower has a tall and graceful posture, like a beautiful woman leaning on the bank of the West Lake, so it is protected? Like a beauty. It is a representative symbol on the West Lake landscape outline. Save? ?The Laifeng Pavilion on the left side of the tower was once listed as one of the eighteen scenic spots in the West Lake. In front of Laifeng Pavilion, there is a huge stone named Luoxing Stone (also known as longevity stone). There is also a huge stone behind the tower, which looks like clouds gathering together, so it is named Tunxia and Qiyun, also known as Kansong Terrace. The main scenery of Gemstone Mountain is the pagoda. When the peak reaches the peak, the pagoda is slightly smaller, and the fallen trees clear the smoke. In the morning glow or the setting sun, Bao? The pagoda stands gracefully on a piece of purple-brown rock. The haze of light and glow overflows, making it extremely beautiful, hence the name Gemstone Liuxia. ?

Tianzhu is located in the mountains south of Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou City. There are upper Tianzhu, lower Tianzhu and middle Tianzhu. Faxi Temple in Upper Tianzhu, Fajing Temple in Middle Tianzhu, and Fajing Temple in Lower Tianzhu were founded in the Five Dynasties, Sui Dynasty, and Eastern Jin Dynasty respectively. They are famous Buddhist temples in Hangzhou.

Wuyun Mountain is located southwest of West Lake in Hangzhou City, close to the Qiantang River. It is said that in ancient times, there were five-colored auspicious clouds lingering on the top of the mountain, hence its name. At an altitude of 344 meters, it towers into the clouds. From the foot of the mountain to the top, there are more than a thousand stone steps and seventy-two twists and turns. There is a saying from the ancients: Thousands of stone steps lean against the blue sky, and five clouds reflect the top of the five peaks. There is a pavilion on the mountainside, overlooking the Qianjiang River and looking back at the West Lake. There is a long embankment on the pavilion that cuts through the entire lake and bisects the two Zhejiang mountains. The scenery is wonderful. There is an ancient well on the top of the mountain, which survives droughts. At the east end of the well, there is a ginkgo tree with a height of 21 meters, a crown width of 28 meters, and a diameter at breast height of 2.5 meters. It can be hugged by five people. The tree is 1,400 years old. It is a rare ancient tree in Hangzhou. ?

Phoenix Mountain is located in the southeast of Hangzhou City. The main peak is 178 meters above sea level, close to West Lake in the north and riverside in the south. It is shaped like a flying phoenix, hence its name. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the state was established here. In the Five Dynasties, Wu and Yue made it the capital and built a sub-city. The capital of the Southern Song Dynasty was built as an imperial city. In a radius of nine miles, four halls, seven towers, six platforms and nineteen pavilions were built. There is also an artificial imitation of the Little West Lake, with scenic structures such as Six Bridges and Feilai Peak. After the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty, the palace was converted into a temple, and it became a ruin after a fire in the Yuan Dynasty. There are still remnants of Baoguo Temple, Shengguo Temple, Phoenix Pond and Guogong Spring. ?

Yuquan is located at Qingzhiwukou between Qixia Mountain and Lingyin Mountain in Hangzhou City. The crystal of the spring is as bright and clear as jade. It was originally located in Qinglian Temple. The temple was built in the first year of Qi Jianyuan in the Southern Dynasty. The current temple no longer exists. In 1964, it was renovated into a new courtyard with the characteristics of Jiangnan gardens. There are big fish in the rectangular pool, a pavilion is built beside the pool, and you can lean on the railing to watch the fish. The fish entertain you as well as the people, and the spring is pure and refreshing. The plaque on Fish Paradise is the handwriting of Dong Qichang, a calligrapher and painter of the Ming Dynasty. In the inner courtyard to the east of Yuquan, there are also ancient pearl springs and clear-sky drizzle pools. The springs are like throwing beads and drizzle, each with its own characteristics. ?

The North Peak is behind Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou. Opposite the South Peak, 314 meters above sea level. There are hundreds of stone steps from the bottom of the mountain, with thirty-six twists and turns leading to the top of the mountain. When you climb up and look out, you will see the mountains forming a screen, the clouds hanging down from the West Lake, and the waves as flat as a mirror. The Qiantang River flows eastward from behind the mountains in the south, like a new river. ?

The Pavilion in the Heart of the Lake is in the West Lake. It was originally named Zhenlu Pavilion, also known as Qingxi Pavilion. It was first built in the 31st year of Jiajing reign of Ming Dynasty (1552), and was later called Huxin Pavilion after Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. Today's pavilion was rebuilt in 1953. It has the form of a hall with two eaves and four sides on the first floor and a golden glazed tile roof. It is magnificent.

There is a poem from the past that goes: I have traveled to the Qing Dynasty for a hundred times without planning to return. The solitary pavilion is good among the water and clouds. The pavilion is empty and bright on all sides, with a city on one side and mountains on three sides. There are two mysterious tablets of Qianlong Chong on the island, which imply the boundless romance. The flat view from the center of the lake is one of the eighteen scenic spots of the ancient West Lake. ?

The original name of Baidi is Baishadi. It stretches across the east-west surface of West Lake in Hangzhou. It starts from the Broken Bridge, crosses the Jindai Bridge, and ends at Pinghu Qiuyue. It is 1 kilometer long. When Bai Juyi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, was an official in Hangzhou, he wrote a poem: I love the lake that goes eastward, and the white sand in the shade of green poplars. embankment. That means this embankment. In order to commemorate this great poet, later generations renamed it Baidi. There are rows of peaches and willows on the embankment, and green grass. Looking back at the green mountains and the rippling blue lake, it’s like swimming in a painting.

Gushan Gushan stands between the inner lake and the outer lake of West Lake in Hangzhou, hence the name Gushan. Because of its many plum blossoms, it is also named Meiyu. It is 38 meters above sea level and covers an area of ??about 20 hectares. This is a scenic spot and a collection of cultural relics in West Lake. At the southern foot there are Wenlan Pavilion, Zhejiang Library, Zhejiang Museum, Zhongshan Park, and West Lake Tianxia Scenery Garden. To the southeast is Pinghu Qiuyue, at the top of the mountain is Xiling Seal Society, at the back of the mountain is the Zhongshan Memorial Pavilion, and at the north foot is the Crane Fang Pavilion and Enjoy the plum blossom scenery on the lake. There is a poem from the ancients that says: Penglai in the world is like a solitary mountain, and it is easy to lean on the railings where there are plum blossoms. ?

The Crane Fang Pavilion is located at the northern foot of Gushan Mountain. It was built in the Yuan Dynasty to commemorate the reclusive poet Lin Hejing of the Song Dynasty and was rebuilt in recent years. Lin Hejing (967-1028) was born in Hangzhou in the early Northern Song Dynasty. He has lived in Gushan for 20 years, planting plum trees and raising cranes. There is a legend that the plum trees are married to cranes. His sparse shadows slant across the clear and shallow water, and his faint fragrance floats in the moonlight. His famous poem about plum blossoms at dusk has been passed down to this day. The wall of the pavilion is engraved with "Ode to the Dancing Crane" written by Bao Zhao of the Southern Song Dynasty, which was copied by Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty from Dong Qichang's book of the Ming Dynasty. There are many plum blossoms planted near the pavilion, making it a popular place to appreciate plum blossoms on the lake. ?

Liuzhuang, also known as Shuizhuju, was originally the villa of Liu Xuexun in the late Qing Dynasty, commonly known as Liuzhuang. In front of Dingjia Mountain in the West Lake of Hangzhou City, there is a beautiful bridge to the west. It covers an area of ??36 hectares, with mountains and water at its back, and an elegant environment. In the current garden, there are the Guest House, Mengxiang Pavilion, Wangshan Tower, Hushan Chunxiao Towers, Waterside Pavilions, and the indoor furnishings are simple and unique. After careful design and reconstruction by famous architects since 1954, it has especially the characteristics of oriental gardens and is known as the first famous garden in West Lake. It was the residence where Mao Zedong came to Hangzhou. In the winter of 1953, Mao Zedong personally organized the drafting of the first constitution of New China here. ?

Hangzhou Flower Garden is located on the northwest side of West Lake in Hangzhou City, covering an area of ??about 26 hectares. It is divided into bonsai, rose, orchids, chrysanthemums, fragrant flowers, field grass flowers, aquatic flowers, greenhouse flowers, peonies and peonies and other scenic spots, among which bonsai, orchids and roses are the focus. Orchids are a famous flower in Hangzhou. Here we mainly cultivate spring orchids, summer orchids, autumn orchids and cold orchids with their own characteristics. In the Orchid Garden, there is a National Incense Room and a plaque inscribed with the same appreciation for Qingfen, written in the handwriting of Marshal Zhu De. ?

The Botanical Garden is located northwest of West Lake in Hangzhou, located in the hilly area between Shuangfeng Caiyun and Yuquan Fish Viewing. Newly built in 1956. The entire park covers an area of ??250 hectares and is divided into two parts: the exhibition area and the experimental area. The exhibition section mainly includes plant classification area, economic plant area, ornamental plant area, bamboo plant area, and arboretum; the experimental area mainly includes three parts: plant introduction and domestication, resistant tree species experiment, and fruit tree experiment. More than 4,000 Chinese and foreign plants, covering more than 200 families and more than 1,000 genera, have been collected and introduced. Among them, rare and precious plants include my country's unique tree species: metasequoia, wintersweet, yellow cedar, Australian sycamore, American sequoia, Greek olive, Belgian king lotus, etc. The park has undulating hills, and the garden layout adopts a natural landscape style. It is rich in scientific content and has a park style. It is one of the famous garden scenery of West Lake. ?

The South Peak is in the northwest of Yanxia Ridge in Hangzhou, opposite the North Peak, with an altitude of 256.9 meters. At the foot of the mountain, there are scenic spots such as Yanxia Cave and Shuile Cave. When you climb up and look out, you will see the Qiantang River lingering like a belt, the West Lake as clear as a mirror, the city on one side and the mountains on three sides, and you can have a panoramic view of Hangzhou's scenery. ?

Shui Le Cave is at the eastern foot of Yanxia Ridge, the southern peak. It is an underground limestone cave with a depth of more than 60 meters. There is a spring in the cave. The sound of water coming out of the cave is sonorous and pleasant, with the rhythm of music. In the second year of Xining (1069) in the Northern Song Dynasty, it was named Shuile Cave. ?

The Lion Peak is located on the west side of Longjing Temple in Hangzhou City and on the right side of Tianzhu Rudou Peak. Standing among the mountains, it looks like a male lion crouching, so it is called Lion Peak. Shifeng tea is as famous as Longjing tea and is known as top grade. There are 18 tea trees in front of the old Hugong Temple under the Lion Peak. Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty once tasted imperial tea and it was a treasure offered as tribute at that time. ?

Geling is located in the west of Baoshi Mountain in Hangzhou City, with an altitude of 166 meters. It is said that it got its name because the famous Taoist Ge Hong stayed here to refine elixirs during the Xianhe period of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. There are ruins such as Baopu Taoist Temple, Alchemy Platform, and Alchemy Well on the mountain. There is a balcony on the top of Geling, which is a good place to watch the sunrise. Ge Ling Chao Dun is one of the eight scenic spots in Qiantang. ?

Ziyun Cave is located on Qixialing Mountain behind Yuewang Temple in Hangzhou City. The cave is divided into a front cave and a back cave, which are connected together. The front cave is wider, with light filtering in from the half-covered cliffs. The rocks are slightly purple, hence the name Ziyun Cave. The cave is humid and cool. Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty wrote a poem when he visited Ziyun Cave: In spring, when climbing the cave, the sweat flows, and the female body feels cold when she enters the cave. But I didn't count the martial arts when I climbed up the Alchemy Staircase, and I still wanted to change my clothes when the weather got colder. ?

Xixi is located about 6 kilometers northwest of West Lake and is known as the Deputy West Lake. Hezhu is surrounded by clear streams, full of Jiangnan water town style. Since the Tang Dynasty, it has been famous for admiring plums, bamboos, reeds and flowers. Exploring Plum Blossoms in Xixi is one of the eighteen scenic spots in West Lake. In the 28th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1689), Emperor Kangxi visited here on a tour to the south and wrote a poem: "Ten miles of clear stream meanders, and I repair the bamboo pole and enter Wangsen." Warmth promotes plum blossoms and bamboos early, water falls and grass leaves deep marks. Places of interest include Qiuxue Temple, Liangzhe Poets Ancestral Hall, etc. Xixi Ludang Style Garden is currently under construction.

Lingfeng Tanmei is located in Qingzhiwu, West Lake. It was rebuilt and opened in 1988, covering an area of ??12 hectares. There are more than 5,000 plum trees planted, with 42 varieties collected. The plum trees are in patches and clusters, and the buildings are designed according to the location. They are elegant, simple, unpretentious, and have a strong local flavor of the mountains and forests. It has become a tourist hotspot in Hangzhou in early spring, with up to 34,000 daily visitors. ?

Liangzhu Cultural Site

Liangzhu Cultural Site is located in Liangzhu Town, Yuhang City, 18 kilometers north of Hangzhou. Discovered in 1936, it was a place where humans settled in the late Neolithic Age. The unearthed stone tools include sickles, arrowheads, spears, perforated axes, perforated knives, etc., which are exquisitely polished, especially the use of stone plows and cultivating tools, indicating that the plowing stage had entered at that time. Among the unearthed pottery, the most distinctive ones are earthy gray-bodied and polished black leather pottery. They are wheel-made and have regular shapes, mostly with ring feet. They are decorated with holes, bamboo patterns, string patterns, and are also painted. Many jade articles have been found, including bis, congs, huangs, rings, beads, etc. Most of them were unearthed in tombs. Sites of the same type as the Liangzhu ruins are widely distributed in southern Jiangsu on the lower reaches of the Yangtze River to the plains north of the Qiantang River. They are collectively known as the Liangzhu culture in the archaeological community. According to carbon 14 dating of the cultural relics unearthed from the relevant sites, they date from about 4,700 to 5,300 years ago, and have lasted for thousands of years. In 1986 and 1987, a large number of funerary objects were unearthed from Liangzhu tombs, of which more than 90% were jade articles. The jade articles symbolizing wealth, jade congs symbolizing divine power, and jade axes symbolizing military power provided precious information for studying the origins of classes. It has also caused many major museums in the world to re-evaluate and rename old jade collections, pushing back the history of some jade items that were originally mistaken for Han jade (actually Liangzhu jade items) by more than 2,000 years. In 1994, a super-giant building foundation was discovered, covering an area of ??more than 300,000 square meters. It was confirmed to be a large artificially piled earth platform, with the thickest soil layer reaching 10.2 meters. The scale of the project is rare in the world. The archaeological community believes that the Liangzhu Culture is a source of Chinese civilization. ?

Lingyin Temple

Lingyin Temple is a key cultural relic protection unit in Zhejiang Province. Also known as Yunlin Zen Temple. One of the ten temples of Zen Buddhism in China. At the foothills of Lingyin Mountain in the northwest of West Lake. Facing the cold spring and facing Feilai Peak. It was founded by the Indian monk Huili in the early years of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. At that time, he faced Feilai Peak and sighed: During the time when the Buddha was alive, most of them were hidden by the fairies. Then he built a temple facing the mountain and named it Lingyin. Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty named it Yunlin Temple when he visited the south. During the Wuyue Kingdom in the Five Dynasties, it was expanded twice. At that time, it had 9 floors, 18 pavilions, 72 halls, 3,000 monks, and more than 1,200 houses. It was at its peak. After that, it went through many ups and downs and was destroyed and built many times. The existing temple was rebuilt in the 19th century. It was overhauled twice in 1956 and 1970. The temple has two mountain gates in the east and west, which are parallel to the Tianwang Hall. The Tianwang Hall is in the middle and the two mountain gates are next to it. There is a seated statue of Maitreya Buddha on the front of the hall, and a standing wooden statue of Wei Tuo behind Maitreya. Both statues are placed in exquisitely carved niches. The statue of Wei Tuo is said to be a relic of the Song Dynasty. There are seated statues of the four heavenly kings on both sides. Behind the hall, after passing through the garden and climbing onto the stone platform, there is the Main Hall, which is on the same central axis as the Tianwang Hall. The hall is 53.6 meters high, with a high ceiling and a glazed tile roof. In the center is a golden statue of Sakyamuni, 19.6 meters high, solemn and serene, sitting in lotus position on a lotus throne. There is a screen wall behind the statue, reaching up to the top of the hall. On the back of the wall is a sculpture of the story of the Good Fortune Boy with fifty-three ginseng. In the middle is a statue of Guanyin standing on the back of a turtle, surrounded by mountains, rocks, clouds and water, full of birds, beasts, gods and monsters. Around the hall, there are golden statues of twenty heavens and thirteen Yuanjue along the walls. On the left side of the hall are the Liandeng Pavilion and the Dabei Pavilion. The Medicine Master Hall was newly built behind the Main Hall. There are two octagonal nine-story stone pagodas in front of the Main Hall, and two stone scripture pillars in front of the Tianwang Hall, both relics from the late Wuyue Kingdom in the Five Dynasties. The ancient trees in front of the temple are lush and cover the sky and the sun. In front of the temple, where the cold spring flows, there are pavilions such as Qing Cong, He Lei and Cold Spring, which are quiet and quiet. The two scripture buildings and two stone pagodas in Lingyin Temple are also key cultural relics protection units in Zhejiang Province. The two sutra buildings are located in front of the Tianwang Hall. They were originally 11 stories tall but are now damaged. Both buildings have inscriptions written in the second year of Kaibao's reign (969) by the King of Wuyue to build the building. The text on the body of the pillar is clear and the calligraphy is also excellent. The two stone pagodas are on both sides of the Danqi of the Main Hall. They are multi-story pavilion-style stone pagodas with eight sides and nine floors, imitation wood structure. On the third floor, there is a stone plaque inscribed with 10 characters of "Wuxing Guangji Pu'en True Body Pagoda". The body of the pagoda is embossed with Buddha statues and beautifully engraved scriptures. ?

Wu Hanyue Tomb

Wu Hanyue Tomb is a key cultural relic protection unit in Zhejiang Province. It is located at the southern foot of Shijia Mountain and north of Bagua Field at the foot of Yuhuang Mountain in Hangzhou. It was excavated in 1958 and is now well protected. Wu Hanyue (912-952), a native of Hangzhou, was the daughter of Wu Ke, the commander of the Central Military Commission, and the biological mother of King Wuyue of the Five Dynasties. He died in June of the second year of Guangshun of the Later Zhou Dynasty (952). The tomb is rectangular, divided into two chambers, front and rear, with a total length of 7.6 meters, a width of 2.87 meters, and a depth of 3.1 meters. ?The stone door of the front room is carved with door nails and door knockers, and there is a delicate relief of a female figure on the door. The back room is the main room, and its walls are built with red sandstone slabs.

Floating above the wall