Protection and Utilization of the Tang Dynasty Ancient City (Relics) in Sizhou Ancient City

Historically, the area along the river today has been the core area of ??Bachu Qianzhong District, Qinzhong Guizhou County, and Tang Qianzhong Road. It was the seat of Sizhou, the first county in central Guizhou in the prosperous Tang Dynasty; Guwuzhou, Ningyi The county was governed by today's Yanhe; in the 19th year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty (AD 599), Wuchuan County was established in Yanhe. It went through the Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties, and Northern Song Dynasties. In the first year of Chonghe (AD 1118), it was moved to Wuchuan County. , has been governed along the river for 519 years. This world-famous Dansha ancient county is the only ancient county in Guizhou history that was established in the Sui and Tang Dynasties and has been established to this day. It was the only county when Guizhou was established as a province. "Yuanhe County Map" records: "In the 19th year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty, Wuchuan County was established in the county and it belonged to Yongzhou. In the second year of Daye (prefecture), it was abolished. In the fourth year of Wude, Wuchuan County was established in the county. In the fourth year of Zhenguan, it was changed to Sizhou is named after Siqiong River. "Wuchuan County: middle and lower. Guo Xia. Youyang County in this Han Dynasty belonged to Wuling County. From Jin Dynasty to Chen Dynasty, it was merged into Qianyang County. It was established in the 19th year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign in Sui Dynasty and named after Sichuan. Neijiang water, also known as Fuling water, is located forty paces west of the county. "This shows that the seat of Gusizhou and Guwuchuan counties is now the old city on the east side of the river. "Guizhou General Annals" (Wanli) records: "The Xuanfu Division along the river was abolished: the division was on the east bank of the river, between Dajian and Xuanweitian in the Yuan Dynasty. The clans fought for positions and were abolished, but the ruins still exist. "Yanhe County Chronicles of the Republic of China" records: "In the spring of the 14th year of the Republic of China (AD 1925), Xie Rulin Brigade (Liu Guopu Regiment) was stationed along the river, and Wang Supervisor Tianpei ordered Zhou Yuanji to recruit from Sichuan Laisi. In February of that year, Zhou ordered Wang Carpenter to lead his troops to defend, and Xie's troops withdrew from the east bank. The king's troops stationed in Shachichang, Xie's troops counterattacked, and the king's troops retreated and burned the county office, which extended to many private houses. Naturally, the two troops were facing each other across the river." The site of the county office is now the Hedong Grain Station. The gate tower of the county office is still there, and the courtyard wall , the foundation site can be vaguely discerned. Today, the residents of Hedong call it the new Yamen, and the Siwang Temple in the south gate is called the Old Yamen, because Sinan was born in the seventh year of Xianfeng (1857 AD) - the ninth year of Tongzhi (1870 AD). The government moved the Siwang Temple along the river. According to research (based on existing historical records and on-site surveys of the ancient city of Hedong), the county government of Wuchuan County (established in 559 AD) should be located in this area of ????Pingshang Baoen Temple. In the core, the terrain is higher, flat and open. There is Yitai Dam in the east as a military fortress, the danger of Dongshan in the southeast, Guanyin Rock and Wujiang River in the west, and moat ruins on the north, east and south sides. If the city cannot be consolidated, it is easy to It is difficult to defend and has convenient transportation. It was an ideal place to build a county government in ancient times. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty (1118 AD), Wuchuan County and Sizhou were moved to present-day Wuchuan. The county government site was Baoen Temple in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and Heping Town during the Republic of China. The town hall has been public land in the past dynasties. The names of places such as Yitaiba, Dongshan, Huayuanpo, Guanyinyan, Wuyangshugou, Liaojiazui, Longsazui, Sanchongqiao, Tianshengqiao, and Yudonggou have ancient charms; Liaojiazui has a long history. The wharf was a busy Sizhou wharf in the Tang Dynasty; Tianba Dang has a historical connection with the Tian family in Sizhou; place names such as Zhoujiatuo and Wangjiachaomen record the prosperity of the culture of the ancient city in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In You (AD 1853), the Zhou family has successively produced four Jinshi scholars. Since Wang Youdao passed the imperial examination in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, nearly ten people have been promoted to Jinshi, as recorded in the "Yanhe County Chronicles·Historic Sites" of the Republic of China. : "Guanyin Rock is located in the east of the county. There are three characters "Guanyin Rock" on the stone wall with flying brushstrokes and an inscription by Lu Qi of the Tang Dynasty. "The Tiansheng Qiao (bridge) is in Yudong ditch on the east bank. The stone bones run across it, with a deep bottom and a wide top. Without axes, it is a natural Qiao (bridge). Water passes under it and people walk on it. It is an important way to travel when the water rises. "The triple bridge, built between two rocks on the east bank, is the only way to connect to Gongtan in the east of the county. (The bridge is located at the mouth of Yudong Creek between today's Hedong Grain Station and Yanhe Middle School. It is a wonder of triple stone bridge. According to legend, it is a triple stone bridge. Rebuilt in the Han Dynasty, the second in the Tang Dynasty, and the third in the Ming Dynasty). "Baoen Temple is located in the east of the county. It was built in the Ming Dynasty and rebuilt by Xiao Jingzhong, a native of the city in the ninth year of Daoguang (1827 AD)." Guanyin Pavilion is located in the east of the county. "Sinan Prefecture" records: "The high pavilion supports the clouds, and the dangerous railings lean to the ground." The scenery of mountains and rivers washes away people's dust. It was destroyed by fire in the ninth year of the Republic of China (1920 AD). "Siwang Temple was built during the Qianlong period (AD 1736-1795). It has a monument of Xiao Mingcheng of Asia Yuan Dynasty. It was formerly the Sinan Prefecture's administrative office along the river, and later it was the Yamen of the Suppression Committee and the Division Committee." It can be said that, Every inch of Hedong Ancient City is full of cultural relics. Today's Hedong Grain Station was the original Yanhe County Office of the Republic of China, and the gate tower is still there. It is also the former site of the Xuanfu Division along the river in the Yuan Dynasty and the ruins of the ancient city of Sizhou in the Tang Dynasty. The foundation of Sizhou Government Office can be vaguely discerned, and the remains of the moats and ancient city walls to the north and east still exist. It can be inferred from the existing ruins that Sizhou City in the Tang Dynasty was large in scale and magnificent. Its shape and spirit are somewhat similar to the Weiyang Palace of the Han Dynasty and even the Chang'an City of the Tang Dynasty. Today, there are still two well-preserved ancient stone streets in the ancient city of Hedong, Heixiangzi and Zhoujiatuo. They should be important main streets in Sizhou City in the Tang Dynasty. They have witnessed the vicissitudes of the ancient city for more than a thousand years through the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. Ancient place names such as Yanhui Fort, Yanhui Road, Guandian Street, and Wanzihao tell the commercial characteristics and prosperity of the ancient city.

The trend of urbanization is irreversible, and the situation is grim when it comes to protecting material cultural heritage such as ancient towns, ancient streets, ancient villages, and typical ethnic villages.

The guiding ideology for developing small towns along the river and promoting rural urbanization should be: respect history, base on reality, focus on the long term, highlight regional cultural characteristics and national characteristics, identify functional positioning, optimize regional layout, and effectively protect and comprehensively utilize the ancient city of Sizhou. and other cultural heritages; make full use of historical opportunities such as immigration for the Shatuo and Pengshui power station construction projects, ecological immigration for the national Mayang River Nature Reserve, and a new round of poverty alleviation and development out-of-town poverty alleviation immigration; to build cultural and ecological tourism in the Guizhou, Chongqing, Hunan, and Hubei border areas The goal is to build a strong county, a strong ecological agriculture county with Guizhou characteristics, a clean energy-rich county in the middle and lower reaches of the Wujiang River, and a large recycling industry county; comprehensive planning and key breakthroughs. In the near future, we will focus on the planning and construction of Heping Town, the county seat:

Fully explore the history along the river, accurately locate the future development trend along the river, and prepare high-standard urban development plans. In the near future, we will focus on the construction of Hedong New District, the Wujiang Third Bridge, old city reconstruction, and flood control embankment projects, etc., to reshape the image of an important port city along the middle and lower reaches of the Wujiang River, a regional transportation hub in northeastern Guizhou, and southeastern Chongqing, and a regional economic and cultural center.

Due to the location along the river in Guizhou and the benefits from the Wujiang River, it is inevitable for Guizhou to become the most important port city and the frontier of opening up; as a regional water and land transportation hub, it has been so since ancient times, especially in the Tang Dynasty, and from the Ming and Qing Dynasties to the Republic of China. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it became famous because of the National Highway 326 and the Provincial Highway 411. However, in recent years, the role of the Wujiang waterway has been weakened. Provincial Highway 411 has been downgraded to a county road. The Chongqing-Huaihua Railway has not passed along the river. The transportation hub status along the river for thousands of years has been ruthlessly eliminated!

The Gusizhou civilization in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, the golden waterway of the Wujiang River, the salt transportation economy in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the traditional four treasures along the river, and Luantang Academy, as well as the glory and representative times they displayed, have passed away and become history. We cannot let history leave us behind, leaving only the label of a nationally designated poverty-stricken county. The status of the regional economic and cultural center has also been lost!

In the process of urbanization along the river, the first thing to pay attention to is to reproduce the history along the river and display the culture along the river. Only in this way can we achieve good and rapid development and create greater glory. The most important thing for the planning and construction of county towns along the river is to reflect the charm of the river city and showcase the ancient Sizhou civilization.

After the Yuan Dynasty abolished the Xuanfu Department along the river, almost all political institutions and urban centers of gravity were in Hexi, and the development of Hedong was suppressed. Because of this, the basic layout of the ancient city of Tangsizhou has been well preserved. We along the river, our Wujiang River, and our Guizhou are fortunate to have the world-class precious cultural heritage "Tangsizhou Ancient City". It belongs to the world and all mankind, but it is located along the river. People along the river have the most obligation to protect it and are best equipped to make good use of it.

Previous rounds of old city reconstruction have turned Hexi into a new urban area with a modern charm. The ancient city of Hedong is still preserved! After the reconstruction of Chengnan District, the construction of Hedong New District, and the construction of immigrant communities have come to an end, it is time to start the "renovation" of the ancient city of Hedong. We advocate not simple transformation, but special protection (declaration for world cultural heritage) - systematic research - and comprehensive utilization.

For special protection, the ancient city of Pingyao in Shanxi and the ancient city of Zhenyuan in Guizhou can be used for reference; for systematic research, the ancient city of Sinan, Pengshui ancient city, and Tang Chang'an city can be consulted; for comprehensive utilization, Guiyang Jiaxiu community is a successful example. The Jiaxiu Tower community has been completely preserved, and is also very coordinated and complementary to the surrounding urban areas. It is perfect and can be called a model in the world!

Build a Sizhou cultural community along the river? Or Sizhou Museum and Sizhou Heritage Park? It awaits research by relevant experts and suggestions from people from all walks of life. In short, it is necessary to provide the best and most effective protection and comprehensive, efficient and sustainable utilization.