Why does "eco-tourism" come into being during the development of mass tourism?

1983, IUCN first proposed "eco-tourism". The background of the rise of eco-tourism is that human beings are in the late stage of industrial civilization. While material wealth and spiritual wealth are extremely rich, a series of global survival crises such as resource problems, environmental problems and ecological problems have awakened human environmental awareness, and green movement and green consumption have swept the world. More than ever, human beings consider their own life style and development mode, so the idea of sustainable development came into being. With the spread and penetration of the idea of sustainable development, people pay more and more attention to the sustainable development of tourism. The development of human society in the past few hundred years has always been the pursuit of rapid economic growth, even at the expense of the environment. Under such a development model, the living environment of human beings has deteriorated sharply: soil erosion and soil desertification, reduction of forest resources, destruction of marine resources, rapid consumption of energy, frequent natural disasters, abuse of chemical substances, population and economic development, and increasingly prominent contradictions between population, resources and environment, and so on. Faced with a series of serious problems and contradictions, human beings have to re-understand the relationship between man and nature, and must choose between inheriting the traditional development model and re-exploring the new development model. There is a debate between those who support economic growth and those who oppose it. Finally, after deeply realizing the basic role of environment and resources sustainability, people boil down the debate to sustainable development and strive to achieve harmony and coordination between man and nature.