My experience of visiting Jincheng Sewage Treatment Plant

Reflections on visiting the sewage treatment plant

On November 20, 2011, we visited the sewage treatment plant in downtown Jincheng under the guidance of our teacher. We were quite impressed after the visit.

After arriving at the destination, the sewage treatment plant I saw was much better than I imagined. The ground was clean and tidy, surrounded by green trees and colorful colors. It was very different from the sewage treatment plant we imagined. . Under the guidance of the interpreter, we visited the sewage treatment process of the newly built factory. We saw the process of converting sewage into gray water and learned about the role bacteria play in sewage treatment. Now let me talk about my experience of visiting the sewage treatment plant.

China is a country suffering from severe drought and water shortage. The total freshwater resources are 2.8 trillion cubic meters, accounting for 6% of global water resources, ranking fourth in the world after Brazil, Russia and Canada. However, the per capita freshwater resources are only 2,200 cubic meters, which is only 1/4 of the world average. 1/5 of the United States, ranking 121st in the world, is one of the 13 countries with the poorest average water resources in the world. It is mainly reflected in uneven distribution: my country has a monsoon climate, precipitation is concentrated in summer, and winter is very dry, especially in the north.

Water is an important part of natural resources and the structural component of all living things and the main material basis for life activities. On a global scale, water is the link connecting all ecosystems. Natural ecosystems can both control the flow of water and continuously promote the purification and circulation of water. Therefore, water in the natural environment has decisive significance for the survival of living things and humans. With the growth of population and the continuous development of industrial and agricultural production, the contradiction between water supply and demand has become increasingly intensified. From the beginning of this century to the mid-1970s, the world's agricultural water consumption increased seven-fold, and industrial water consumption increased 21-fold. China's water consumption has also grown rapidly. By the end of the 1970s, the country's total water consumption was 470 billion cubic meters, 4.7 times that in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China. Among them, urban domestic water consumption increased by 8 times, while industrial water consumption (including thermal power) increased by 22 times. In the late 1970s, the urban and industrial water consumption in Beijing was more than 40 times that in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China. The urban water consumption in Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Anhui and other provinces increased by dozens of times by the late 1970s compared with the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China. Even more than 100 times. Therefore, the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is extremely prominent. As the contradiction between water supply and demand becomes increasingly acute, many adverse effects have been produced. First, it has a great impact on industrial and agricultural production. For example, in 1981, Dalian lost 600 million yuan in industrial output value due to water shortage.

Among China’s 1.5 billion acres of cultivated land, there are still 830 million acres of dry land without irrigation facilities, and another 1.4 billion acres of water-scarce pasture. 300 million acres of farmland are affected by drought across the country every year. There are still 40 million people and 30 million livestock in the northwest agricultural and pastoral areas who have difficulty drinking water. Secondly, it causes inconvenience to people's lives and work. Some cities have insufficient water supply for buildings or often have water cuts. Some water-scarce cities have to adopt regular and limited water supply, causing difficulties in people's lives. Third, over-exploitation of groundwater has caused groundwater levels to continue to decline and water resources to deplete. Groundwater funnels have appeared in 24 of 27 major cities. Droughts have frequently occurred in the south in recent years, such as the severe drought that occurred in Yunnan last year that had not been seen in 50 years. It resulted in drought-induced death of crops and livestock in many places. Various problems caused by drought have also occurred in many places in Kunming. In this case, the recycling and reuse of water resources and the circulation of water resources are very important. Now, Kunming regards building new sewage treatment plants and improving water resource utilization as important links in future environmental development.

So how do we protect water resources?

First of all, we must establish awareness of water conservation and carry out water resource warning education. For a long time, most people have generally believed that water is an inexhaustible "treasure basin". They squander it in use and do not know how to cherish it consciously. In fact, water resources on the earth are not inexhaustible. In particular, my country's per capita water resources are not abundant, and the regional distribution is uneven. Moreover, it changes unpredictably within the year and varies greatly between years. Coupled with serious pollution, This has led to a situation of even greater shortage of water resources, which is vividly reflected in the multiple interruptions of the Yellow River water in many places. The country has launched water resource utilization projects such as the "Yellow River Diversion Project" and the "South-to-North Water Diversion Project" to solve the water shortage problem in some areas. However, it should also cause us to think deeply: Where will the Yellow River be "died" when the water is exhausted? How to divert water from the south to the north when it is polluted? Therefore, people must establish awareness of water crisis, regard water conservation as our conscious code of conduct, and adopt various forms of water resource warning education.

Secondly, water resources must be developed rationally to avoid water resource damage. The development of water resources includes the development of surface water resources and the development of groundwater resources. When extracting groundwater, due to the large differences in water quality in each aquifer, it should be exploited in layers; contaminated phreatic water and pressurized water must not be mined together; exploration projects that expose and penetrate aquifers must be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations. It is stipulated that layered water stopping and hole sealing work should be strictly carried out to effectively prevent water resource pollution and ensure the sustainable development of the water body itself. Specific measures include the following:

Vigorously develop greening and increase forest area to conserve water sources. Forests can conserve water sources, reduce ineffective evaporation and regulate microclimate, which has the significance of saving water. Forest areas and forest edges are likely to increase precipitation, which has open source significance.

Improve the comprehensive utilization of water resources. Water has the characteristics of comprehensive utilization in the same space. Reservoirs can store floods and cultivate aquatic animals and plants. Large water bodies can be navigated, and some water bodies can also be used for tourism. Water used in hydropower can be used for irrigation. Water leaking from canals and fields can be pumped out underground and used, and water pumped out from underground can also be pumped out and reused downstream of the irrigation area. Xinjiang is an arid area. Without irrigation, there would be no agriculture. Trying to increase the water diversion rate of rivers and arranging the relationship between upstream and downstream water use is equivalent to opening up water sources.

Water diversion project. Due to geographical and climatic characteristics, water distribution among regions is uneven. Using natural factors and artificial transformation to transfer water from water-rich areas to water-scarce areas is an effective means to solve water shortages and open up new economic zones.

Protection of water resources. Water resources are polluted, making water that could have been used become unusable water, which is actually equivalent to reducing water resources. At present, 40% of the world's rivers are polluted to varying degrees, and there is an upward trend.

Urban development and utilization of sewage resources, development of secondary water treatment and sewage reuse technology. After treatment and purification, high-quality miscellaneous wastewater produced by some industrial production and daily life in the city can reach certain water quality standards and be used as non-drinking water for greening, sanitary water, etc.

Develop and promote water-saving appliances. According to incomplete statistics, my country currently has nearly 40 million sets of toilet water tanks and a large number of other sanitary appliances, and hundreds of millions of cubic meters of water are lost every year due to leaking toilet water tanks.

Strengthen the legal construction and publicity work to protect water resources and save water, enhance the water-saving awareness of the whole people, make people consciously realize that water is a precious resource, and abandon the concept of "inexhaustible and inexhaustible" "The outdated concept of water resources, a good social trend of cherishing, saving and protecting water resources began to form.

This visit to the sewage treatment plant made me feel the lack of water resources and the importance of protecting water resources. To protect water resources, we must first mobilize the whole society and change the traditional concept of water use. We need to make everyone realize that water is precious. The water used every time the toilet is flushed is equivalent to the daily water consumption per capita in some developing countries. Taking a cold shower in the summer uses water equivalent to the daily water consumption of dozens of people in water-scarce countries. If the faucet is not tightened, the water lost in one night is equivalent to the total daily drinking water of residents of a village in water-scarce areas in Africa or Asia. This is by no means sensational, but is the result of many years of investigation by relevant United Nations agencies. Therefore, the whole society should be called upon to save water, use water for multiple purposes, and make full use of recycled water.