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Chinese sturgeon, Acipenser family

Acipenser sinensis Gray

(Acipenser, Lazi)

The bone plate on the back of the head is smooth. The front bony plate of the dorsal fin is generally 12 to 14 inches long. The skin between the bony plates is smooth in juveniles and rougher in adults. The skin of the head is covered with plum blossom-shaped sensory organs. Gill rakers 14-28.

It is a migratory fish that inhabits the bottom of large rivers and offshore waters. In autumn, they breed in river sections with fast currents and gravel bottoms in the upper reaches of the river. The spawning period is from early October to early November, and the eggs are sticky. Generally, mature male fish weigh more than 80 Jin, and female fish weigh more than 240 Jin. Parent sturgeons basically stop eating during the reproductive period, young sturgeons mainly eat various benthic animals, and adult fish eat insect larvae, diatoms and humus.

As a large fish that grows rapidly, Sichuan fishermen have a proverb that “one thousand catties of wax potatoes equals ten thousand catties of elephants”. Lazi refers to the Chinese sturgeon. The fish eggs can be processed into caviar, which is a delicacy; the swim bladder and notochord can be used to make isinglass, which is distributed in the coastal areas south of the west coast of the Korean Peninsula and in major rivers, with the Yangtze River producing the most.

The Chinese sturgeon is a magical fish that was bred in the Yangtze River and grew up in the sea. It has survived on the earth for nearly 140 million years and is one of the oldest vertebrates in existence. It is called "living fossil in water". The Chinese sturgeon is a large individual with a powerful body. The adult fish can reach 5 meters in length, weigh up to 1,000 kilograms, and has a lifespan of up to 100 years. It ranks first among the 27 species of sturgeon in the world. It is the largest and longest-lived freshwater fish. long fish.

The Chinese Sturgeon Garden is located on the central island of Huangbai River in Yiling District, Yichang City. It is named after the display of the national first-level protected animal, the Chinese sturgeon. The park is among the first batch of AAA-level attractions in the country. The scenic area covers an area of ??20,000 square meters, including a sturgeon pavilion, a herbarium, a crocodile pavilion, a tropical fish pavilion, an aquarium gallery, an exhibition hall and a production and breeding workshop that will be open to the public. In the park, visitors can enjoy Chinese sturgeons of various sizes, known as "giant pandas in the water", as well as up to ten species of sturgeons from all over the world. They can also see alligators, crocodiles, mullet fish and a wide variety of tropical fish. and famous Yangtze River fish.

Chinese sturgeon has its own unique living habits. They need to travel between the Yangtze River and the sea to thrive. In other words, the Chinese sturgeon is a typical migratory fish that can survive in both saltwater and freshwater. Male Chinese sturgeons grow to be over 9 years old, with a body length of 1.7 meters and a weight of over 50 kilograms. Female Chinese sturgeons grow to be over 14 years old, with a body length of 2.3 meters and a weight of over 120 kilograms. After reaching sexual maturity for the first time, they can have children. . Every summer and autumn, groups of Chinese sturgeons swim back to the Yangtze River from the shallow waters outside the Yangtze River estuary. After traveling more than 3,000 kilometers upstream, they return to their "hometown" Jinsha River to spawn and reproduce. After giving birth, when the young fish grow to about 15cm, these "wanderers" take their children down the river and live overseas. They were born in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River for generations and grew up in the sea. They developed the habit of never forgetting their hometown while living overseas. It is precisely because of this persistent return and root-seeking habit that people call it the "Chinese sturgeon."

Predation and food: Prey on insect larvae, molluscs, oligochaeta and fish.

Chinese sturgeon was called Dalizi and Lazi in ancient times. According to zoological classification, it belongs to the class Fish, order Aciperiformes, family Acipensidae, and genus Acipenser. The Chinese sturgeon is one of the oldest vertebrates existing on the earth. The fossils of the ancient sturgeon appeared in the Baijin Period of the Mesozoic Era, about 140 million years ago.

The Chinese sturgeon is the largest fish in freshwater and has a special physiological structure. It has no spines all over its body, and its huge body is supported only by a small number of hard bones, one row on the back, two rows on the sides and five rows of beautiful bone plates and cartilage spine. The Chinese sturgeon is powerful in appearance and huge in size. An adult sturgeon can reach more than four meters in length and weighs nearly a thousand kilograms. It ranks first among the 27 species of sturgeon in the world. It is known as the "King of Sturgeons" and the "King of Fish in the Yangtze River".

The Chinese sturgeon is a typical migratory fish in the sea and rivers, and its living habits are unique. Every summer and autumn, Chinese sturgeons that have grown up in the sea gather in groups at the mouth of the Yangtze River. It takes a whole year to travel upstream more than 3,000 kilometers to begin their wasteful and arduous journey of love and marriage. In the fall of the next year, the Chinese sturgeons swim back to their longed-for hometown, the fast-flowing Jinsha River, to lay eggs and breed offspring. The Chinese sturgeon is listed on the national first-level key protection list by the Wildlife Protection Law. It is the oldest vertebrate on the earth. It is the descendant of the ancient stickleback, the common ancestor of fish. It has a history of more than 140 million years. It is known as a living fossil and is one of the freshwater fish. The largest and longest living fish. An adult Chinese sturgeon is more than four meters long, weighs more than a thousand kilograms, and can live up to a hundred years, ranking first among the 27 species of sturgeon in the world.

The Chinese sturgeon is a warm-temperature large-scale upstream migratory valuable and rare fish. It mainly lives in the ocean throughout its life. It enters the Yangtze River during spawning and migration, and travels thousands of kilometers upstream to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River to spawn and reproduce. The meat is delicious and has been regarded as a treasure in the water since ancient times. The caviar is one of the three most precious delicacies in the world and is known as black gold. "Compendium of Materia Medica" records: "The liver is mainly used to treat sores and scabies, the meat can nourish the deficiency and replenish qi, and relieve bloody diarrhea. The nose meat can be used as preserved meat to nourish the deficiency and lower the qi. Its seeds are like adzuki beans, which can be eaten to strengthen the body and kill small insects in the abdomen." Sturgeon Fish and bone marrow have anti-cancer factors, and are known to be "eating shark fins and sturgeon bones can prolong life, nourish yin and strengthen yang". The Chinese royal family regarded it as a treasure.

The Chinese Sturgeon Garden is a designated tourism unit in Hubei Province. The park has a sturgeon museum, a herbarium, a crocodile museum, an aquarium gallery and other places to visit and shop. The sturgeon museum displays hundreds of millions of years of ancient life, the king fish of the Yangtze River - the Chinese sturgeon, the American paddlefish, the Russian sturgeon, and the Heilongjiang sturgeon. and the hybrid sturgeon with the most growth advantage; the crocodile pavilion has the national first-level protected reptile alligator and the large wild animal Gulf crocodile; the park also has the national second-level protected aquatic animals salamander and mullet fish; and a variety of tropical fish that compete with each other. Roam and swim in the aquarium corridor. In addition, the "Three Gorges Fishing Village" allows you to taste the famous and high-quality aquatic products of the Yangtze River. The Chinese Sturgeon Garden has been transformed several times and has now been built into a comprehensive ornamental garden integrating environmental protection, science popularization, education and fun.