Little knowledge about awning boats

1. Introduction to the content of "The Black-Peng Boat"

Zhou Zuoren's "The Black-Peng Boat" 1. Introduction to the Writer Zhou Zuoren (1885-1967), a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang, the younger brother of Lu Xun , a famous modern writer and translator.

He was four years younger than Lu Xun, and like Lu Xun, he also traveled to Japan to study in his early years. He is talented and intelligent, proficient in Japanese, English and Greek. He has read a lot of ancient Chinese books and is even known as "extensive".

After returning to China in 1911, he, like many others, deeply hated the dark social reality. During the "May Fourth" literary revolution, he raised the banner of humanitarian literature and contributed to the new culture. The movement contributed to the flames; after the "March 18th" massacre in 1926, he even wrote in an elegiac couplet: "The so-called revolutionary revolution and imperialism are actually the same thing!" However, in this positive attitude of joining the WTO, Behind the scenes, there is another emotion lurking, which is a pessimistic view of social progress. He once said: "In the past, Bakunin said, 'The only purpose of history is to warn people not to do that again.' I said the opposite, 'The only purpose of history is to tell people to do that again!'" In the "Preface to the Collected Works of Zhitang" written in 1933, he even said that he "often has the fear of the return of ghosts from the past."

This reminds people of Lu Xun, who also felt the heavy legacy of feudal history and repeatedly compared reality with the dark world of the late Song Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. But in Lu Xun, the deeper the disappointment, the more the impulse of "desperate resistance" was inflamed; while in Zhou Zuoren, the combination of knowledge and sensitivity evaporated an air-conditioning that eroded fighting spirit.

If Lu Xun knew what he couldn’t do and did it, Zhou Zuoren could say he knew what he couldn’t do and didn’t do it. In a country where the people are ignorant and authoritarian, being sober is of course a rare good thing, but if the enthusiasm is extinguished by this sobriety, it will become a bad thing.

This seems to be the case with Zhou Zuoren. The older he is and the more experienced he is, the less excited he is. Since he does not believe that there is a goal outside of himself to pursue, he can only stabilize himself by adjusting his subjective attitude; since there is no need to rush forward, he might as well slow down and wander around for leisure.

In November 1923, he wrote in the preface of "The Book on a Rainy Day": "I have been admiring plain and natural scenery in my recent compositions". Although "I was born in this era in China, It is really hard to hope that I can write calm and diluted articles calmly and calmly." However, he still hopes that his state of mind will not become rough anymore, and misses that "idyllic state" very much. When writing this passage, he seemed to be still hesitating between pastoral poetry and moral articles. While pursuing a peaceful taste, he could not help but scream like "About the Dead on March 18th."

But in "About Writing Articles" written in the spring of 1935, he clearly announced his choice: "I want to write good articles first and foremost. No matter whether they defend morality or not, As for Wei Wen, just look at the sky, think about people’s fate, and then talk nonsense, maybe it’s better and write one or two articles that are more readable.”

If you follow this. Standard, "Wupeng Ship" probably belongs to this kind of article. 2. Work Analysis There are many prose works that can attract us at once.

Because their affectionate words and exciting content have a strong appeal, just like pulling you in front of a magnificent waterfall, you can't help but be moved. But there is another kind of prose, which itself is not painted with bright colors to shock us, but behind its seemingly ordinary words, there is often a special interest flowing, like a trail under the shade. The dark stream quietly nourishes our hearts.

Zhou Zuoren's "Wooden Boat" seems to belong to this category. If you glance at it in a noisy carriage, you may find it bland and tasteless; but if you taste it calmly under the lamp in a quiet night, you may not A knowing smile will appear after covering the eyes. (1) Emotional connotation 1. Write a calm state of mind that is unhurried and eloquent, and use understatement to cover up the homesickness.

"The Black-Paneled Boat" is one of Zhou Zuoren's most praised early essays. When I first read it, it felt trivial and bland.

To call it trivial, "Wupeng Boat" describes the purpose, type, structure, and shape of the awning boat, almost in a rambling manner, fearing that the shape is not detailed and the painting is not thorough. Those craftsman-like introductions, especially the description of the bow of the ship: "The bow of the ship is frowning and looks like a tiger, but it is still smiling. It is quite funny but not scary."

Clearly showing a sense of love for the ship. The close feeling of hometown scenery. Although the author's tone is calm, it is not difficult for us to imagine his expression of relish.

Those seemingly indifferent adjectives came to life one by one: getting on the boat, "It's like sitting on the water, and when you get close to the field bank, the soil will touch your eyes and nose." near". This feeling is so real, we seem to be sitting in a small boat rocking from side to side, leaning against the soil and grass on the shore.

"Wupeng Boat" uses simplified Chinese characters and was written to introduce the scenery of his hometown to his friend Zirong Jun. The details in the narrative slightly reveal a kind of human warmth. 2. Express the writer's inner mood of leisure, ease, and completely relaxed attitude.

The writer uses a free and easy style and plain language to render a situation where things and I meet.

Calling it plain, "Wupeng Boat", after introducing the boat itself in detail, turns to suggest an attitude to the recipients about riding a awning boat.

The writer's opinion is that the ship is slow and the passengers "should have a mountainous attitude" while sitting on the ship. During the reading process, we expected the writer to write a few beautiful paragraphs about the boat trip on the water, but as we continued reading, it turned out to be very dull: the surrounding scenery was nothing more than "mountains everywhere, tallow trees on the shore, and red polygonum on the river." And white apples, fish houses, and various bridges.”

That’s it. There is no rhetorical decoration, and the night view of the boat only contains this sentence: "It is also very interesting to sleep in the cabin at night and listen to the sound of water oars, the greetings of ships passing by, and the barking of dogs and the crow of chickens in the countryside."

< p> As for mooring a boat to watch a temple opera, he only said, "Being on a boat is like watching. If you want to watch, you can sleep. If you want to drink, just drink. I think it can be regarded as an ideal way to have fun." Then it was extended to "Buddha" Criticisms of Shanghai's cat play in "The Business Club".

It’s so bland! However, if you think about it carefully, you will find that this kind of blandness is the writer's conscious blandness. 3. Clearly show a special attitude towards life.

It seemed that he was enumerating the scenery along the river, from the tallow trees, red polygonum and white apple trees on the bank to the mountains that could always be seen in the distance.

2. Information about Shaoxing’s Wupeng boats

The best answer is in Shaoxing, and the most famous one is the Wupeng boat. Shaoxing's awning boats are also called foot rowing boats, which are unique to Shaoxing. The two ends of the awning boat are pointed and the ship is covered with a semicircular awning. The canopy is made of bamboo sheets with a bamboo fence in the middle and painted with tung oil black paint. In Shaoxing dialect, black is called "Wu", so it is called Wu Peng Chuan.

I don’t know since when, the awning boat has been regarded as the spirit of the water town, the flowing life, and the symbol of Shaoxing. But today, its practical function has been gradually replaced and it is just a scenery in Jianhu Lake.

Shaoxing is a famous bridge town and capital both at home and abroad. There is a saying that the eternally famous bridge comes out of Yuezhou.

Shaoxing, which is rich in bluestone, has built tens of thousands of simple or sophisticated stone arch bridges on a river network and lakes covering 1,400 square kilometers according to local conditions. It can be said that Shaoxing's ancient bridges are at their peak.

Shaoxing Eight-Character Bridge, one of the treasures of ancient Chinese bridges, is located in the southeast of the city. It is opposite and sloping, shaped like a Chinese character, hence its name.

In the history of Shaoxing, celebrities and ordinary people are inextricably linked to the bridge. I heard Dong Jiancheng tell a story repeatedly, saying that an ancient bridge in Shaoxing once collapsed, and a young man vowed to rebuild it. Suffering from a poor family, he went out to do business. More than ten years later, he returned with all his assets to build the bridge. Unexpectedly, half way through the project, the funds had been exhausted. He spent all his wealth to finally build the bridge. At this time, the young man also died of mental and physical exhaustion.

3.

Wupeng boat - the flowing life of water town. Wupeng boat is a unique means of transportation in Shaoxing, a water town. It is named after its bamboo awning painted black.

Mr. Lu You 800 years ago said that it was "a light boat eight feet tall with three low awnings." The hull of the awning boat is narrow, and the bottom of the boat is covered with wooden boards. Even if there is leakage, the cabin will not get wet.

The deck of the boat is covered with straw mats. You can sit or lie down as you like, but you cannot stand upright. Because the canopy of the boat is low, if you stand upright, there is a risk of losing your balance and capsizing the boat. The power of the awning boat is the paddle.

The rower sits at the back of the boat, holds the paddle tucked under his arm with one hand, and steps on the end of the oar handle with both feet. As his legs stretch and retract, the oar hits the water up and down at a speed of 1 hour. It can reach more than 10 kilometers. The course of the ship is controlled by hand oars. When the ship is moving, the boatman uses both hands and feet.

Sometimes the boatman would hold the hand oar used as the rudder under his arm, leaving his hands free, so that he could hold a bowl of wine and taste it while the boat was moving quickly, with his head covered by a black felt hat. In fact, Shaoxing's awning boats are not the only ones that can row boats. There are also awning boats the size of small boats. The hulls are carved with patterns and patterns, and the bows are carved with animals (a kind of waterfowl) with tiger heads. They seem to be smiling. , quite funny.

Folklore: If you avoid the dragon when you see it, you will be safe while sailing. The hull of this kind of black-topped boat is relatively tall, the canopy is high enough for people to stand upright, and the cabin is wide enough to accommodate tables and chairs for tourists to play cards and have banquets, and the speed is fast.

In "The True Story of Ah Q", the boat used by the Juren Master to load his family property from the city to the Zhao Mansion in Weizhuang for refuge is this kind of awning boat. One such large ship is called "Mingwa ship".

Among them, the Sanming tile is a semicircular awning installed between the two fixed awnings of the ship. The wooden lattice of the three awnings is embedded with pieces of one-inch square oyster shells. , which not only protects from rain but also transmits light, is called Mingwa. When Lu Xun was a child, he took this "big boat with three tiled windows" to Dongguan to see the party.

Lu Xun also mentioned the "Literati's Wine Boat". This wine boat was commonly known as "Shuo Fei". Head tilt affects speed. Bamboo chairs and benches can be placed in the boat for passengers to sit or lie down.

In the past, these large awning boats were mostly used by a small number of officials and wealthy businessmen for visiting, sightseeing, visiting tombs, welcoming relatives, and watching plays. They were somewhat of a competition for luxury and wealth.

Mr. Zhou Zuoren's description of the awning boat is very detailed: the awning is semicircular, made of bamboo pieces, with a bamboo basket in the center, painted with black oil; a sunshade is placed between the two "fixed awnings". It is also semicircular, with a wooden lattice and inlaid with pieces of small fish scales. It is about an inch in diameter. It is quite transparent, slightly like glass but tough and durable. This is called an open tile.

Shaoxing is a water town in the south of the Yangtze River. The water town is naturally a world of boats. The awning boats are either traveling or moored, and they are brisk when traveling and elegant when moored. Vast. The awning boat is not only the spirit of the water town, but also the scenery of the water town.

4. To learn more about ancient boats, look at the pictures

Both of them are small boats. The one in the picture above is an uncanopied boat, and the one in the picture below is a canopied boat. It's called a awning boat. This kind of boat has a smaller hull and is more flexible.

Zhou Zuoren's prose "Wupeng Boat" has a very detailed description of this kind of boat: the canopy is semicircular, made of bamboo pieces, with 4 bamboo baskets in the center, painted with black oil; There is a sunshade between the two "fixed awnings", which is also semicircular. It is made of wooden lattice and embedded with pieces of small fish scales. It is about an inch in diameter. It is quite transparent, slightly like glass but tough and durable. This is called Ming awning. watt. Three clear tiles means there are two clear tiles in the middle cabin and one clear tile in the back cabin. There are probably two oars at the stern, and a bamboo pole at the bow to steady the boat. The bow of the boat is frowning, like a tiger, but it seems to be smiling. It is funny but not scary, which is not the case for white-canopied boats. The height of the three awnings is about enough for you to stand upright, and the width of the cabin can accommodate a square table.

The painted boat is developed based on the black awning boat.

There are generally more boats like the one pictured above in the north. These two types of boats have a bow and a stern (also called a stern). You can use a scull at the stern of the boat in the picture above, or you can use a pair of oars a little further back in the middle of the boat.

This kind of boat can be called a boat, but this is a boat in a broad sense. A boat in a narrow sense refers to a boat with a single person, a slender hull, and a relatively narrow boat. For example, a dragon boat is a large one. A boat, a single person boat is a small boat.

5. What aspects does the author introduce about the Wupeng Boat?

Read the prose "The Wupeng Boat" and answer the questions that follow.

In the "①" water town of Shaoxing, you can see black and shiny black-topped boats driving leisurely on the jade-belt-like rivers everywhere. This black-topped boat is also called a foot rowing boat by Shaoxing people.

The canopy is made of two layers of bamboo strips, and the hull is very narrow. Shaoxing people like to use it for transportation when they go out.

The awning boat not only carried Lu Xun’s childhood, but also carried the sorrow of Xianglin’s wife. Now, what does it carry? In order to find the answer, I made a special trip to Shaoxing, hired a awning boat in Keqiao Town, and rowed along the Xiaoqing River directly to Dupu, Runtu's hometown. The boatman was a tough guy over sixty years old. He said "Sit tight" and then pedaled, and the boat started to move forward.

You can hear the chirping of insects and birds on the field bank, the sound of Pangong paddling, and even the sound of fish and shrimp passing through the net. The scattered factory buildings on both sides of the strait are nestled against the mountains, the "Tai Tai" houses built along the river, the renovated ancient towpath of the Tang Dynasty, the occasional white-sailed towboats passing by, and the grand scene of merchants in the ten-mile city are all very impressive. Not only can we appreciate the beautiful artistic conception of "②", but we can also appreciate many folk customs of Zeguo in the past and present.

As the boat passed outside Cang'an Gate in Shaoxing, the boatman was so hot that he broke out into a thin layer of sweat, so he took off his shirt, bare his back and started chatting with us. The boatman's name is Yan Guangda, and he has built six tall buildings with terraces.

The eldest son and daughter-in-law work in a factory in the village, while the second son and daughter-in-law work in construction in Shanghai. The two brothers paid no less than 10,000 yuan in support to the old man every year, but the old man still went boating as usual.

"Country people have no time for leisure. If they have too much leisure, they will get sick. I row a awning boat to keep my muscles and bones alive, and secondly, I can earn a bowl of old wine, so I don't have to waste my daughter-in-law's money.

Last year, I transported goods for a company and traveled to and from Shaoxing and Xiaoshan every day, which cost me at least 100 yuan. Three generations of my family have been rowing awning boats, and my grandfather and father have rowed jingling boats, but I am the only one who can row a golden nest. "

The boatman smiled with satisfaction on his face. At noon, we arrived at Dupu.

Dupu is close to Hangzhou Bay. Outside the village is a sandy land with six protective forest belts, and green watermelons are planted in the middle of the forest belts. Everyone took a leisurely stroll on the melon ridge, looking for the footprints of the young Lu Xun and Runtu, who "wears a silver ring in his neck and holds a steel fork in his hand", hoping to see with their own eyes a squid eating watermelon.

An old man picking melons in the melon field said with a smile: "In the past, this place was desolate and desolate, and there were naturally a lot of small animals. Now, with the rumbling machines and tall buildings in Dupu, how can we hide the animals?" "As the sun set and the bright moon came, our awning boat returned. In order to enjoy the dusk scenery by the water, everyone pushed open the awning. So the sound of water, oars, and the faint sound of machinery came to my ears from time to time.

What is displayed in front of you is another fresh and elegant water town scenery. The "③" written by Lu Xun has completely changed.

The awning boat is still the awning boat of the past, but it no longer carries the desolation in Lu Xun's eyes when he returned to his hometown and the sorrow of Xianglin's wife, but the sadness of Mrs. Xianglin. 1. Fill in the following verses into ①② in the text respectively.

①; ② A. Thousands of clouds, thousands of water, body in the thousands of clouds and water B. Ten miles of lakes and seven feet of temples, three mountains and ten weirs and twenty-eye bridges 2. "The boatman smiled with a smile on his face satisfy.

"The main reason why the boatman smiles and is satisfied is () A. He smiles and feels satisfied because his son-in-law has a promising future and is very filial to him.

B. He smiles happily because he is still able to support himself at his old age. And feel satisfied. C. Smiling proudly and feeling satisfied that I can earn 100 yuan a day.

D. Smiling happily and feeling satisfied that I have caught up with the good years of reform and opening up. 3. The item that should be filled in at the horizontal line ③ in the article is ( ) A. On the dirt field near the river, the sun gradually lost its red light

The tallow leaves next to the river were dry. Just after I regained my breath, a few flower-legged mosquitoes were humming and flying below. B. A golden full moon hung in the deep blue sky, and below was the sandy land on the seaside, where endless green watermelons were planted.

C. The fragrance from the beans and wheat on both sides of the river and the water plants at the bottom of the river is mixed with the water vapor and blows towards your face. The moonlight is dim in the water vapor. D. Under the pale yellow sky, there are several people standing far and near. Desolate Deserted Village 4. From the full text, why did the author choose "Wooden Boat" as the title? Answer: 5. Write a sentence on the horizontal line at the end of the original text, no more than 20 words. Answer: 1.① B ② A 2. .D 3.D 4. ① The awning boat is a major feature of Shaoxing, with its historical origins ② It implies the different lives of generations 5. It is the new look of the two sides and the laughter of tourists.

6. What is a black-topped boat?

A black-topped boat is a medium-sized or small-sized wooden boat with mostly gray-black cabin mats that is popular in the water towns of the south of the Yangtze River.

The wooden boat generally has a petite hull, with a semicircular awning made of bamboo with bamboo buds sandwiched in the middle. It is named after its bamboo awning painted black. The boat is light, convenient and easy to maneuver, especially suitable for areas with dense river branches and narrow river ports. Jiangnan Water Town.

This kind of black-topped boat rowed by feet is a unique means of transportation in Shaoxing Water Town. The small boats are called foot rowing boats, commonly known as rowing boats or small rowing boats. The boat is only 4 meters long and can accommodate 3 to 4 people in the cabin.

Because the boat is light and can be rowed in shallow rivers, farmers always use it when going out to farm or to the city. He used his feet to push the wooden oar back and forth, moving the water forward vigorously, while the oar held under his ribs became the rudder for controlling the course and turning around.

The cabin is narrow. They are short and can barely sit upright. In addition to the small awning boats, there is also a large awning boat (the number of such boats is very small). The hull of this kind of boat is carved with various patterns and patterns, and the bow is carved with various patterns. The animal eul (a bird mentioned in ancient books) is carved with the image of a tiger.

The eul lives in the sea and is addicted to dragons. Dragons avoid it, so the boatmen carved its image on the ship. On the head, the dragon does not dare to cause trouble, and the boat can be safely sailed. This kind of large awning boat has a tall hull, a canopy high enough for a person to stand upright, and a cabin wide enough for tables and chairs.

There are two boats at the stern. The oars (also have four to eight branches, commonly known as four-headed boats and eight-headed boats) are fast and are specially used by a small number of officials and wealthy families to visit, visit tombs, welcome relatives, and watch plays. Zhao Qingyan of the Qing Dynasty's "Bu Bu Jiao? Mao Lake Visiting Old Pictures" includes: "The reeds are sparsely blooming in autumn, and the small black canopy is halfway across the branch of the stream."

"Gong Zizhen's "Secret Fragrance? Gusu" There is also a poem in "Xiao Bo": "Through the small windows and red doors, the dream of a black canopy flies away overnight.".

7. The author introduces what aspects of the awning boat

The author introduces the use, type, structure, appearance, etc. of the awning boat.

"Wupeng Boat" describes the purpose, type, structure, and appearance of the black-upon boat, almost in a rambling manner, fearing that the shape is not detailed and the painting is not thorough. Those craftsman-like introductions, especially the description of the bow of the ship: "The bow of the ship is frowning and looks like a tiger, but it is still smiling. It is quite funny but not scary."

Clearly showing a sense of love for the ship. The close feeling of hometown scenery. Although the author's tone is calm, it is not difficult for us to imagine his expression of relish.

Those seemingly indifferent adjectives came to life one by one: getting on the boat, "It's like sitting on the water, and when you get close to the field bank, the soil will touch your eyes and nose." near". This feeling is so real, we seem to be sitting in a small boat rocking from side to side, leaning against the soil and grass on the shore.

8. Appreciation of the Black Peng Boat

Appreciation by paragraphs and full text: There are three natural paragraphs in the full text.

The first paragraph is to explain the origin of writing: to provide "guidance" to old friends to visit their hometown, in order to express their friendship as friends. The author is relatively bland when he mentions his hometown.

But the literal downplaying of feelings for hometown does not mean that the feelings for hometown are not deep. The following content shows this point. The beginning of the article uses the reverse writing technique of seeming light but actually thick, overtly derogatory and implicitly praising.

The second paragraph focuses on introducing a "very interesting thing" in my hometown - the awning boat. This introductory text is quite distinctive.

First of all, the explanation is precise and detailed. First, we will summarize the three types of ships: large, medium and small, and then focus on the medium and small ships.

This introduction to the texture, structure and performance of this kind of boat is quite subtle. Secondly, in the introduction, the author does not describe it mechanically, but touches it with emotion: "The bow of the ship has an eyebrow and looks like a tiger, but it seems to be smiling, which is quite funny but not scary."

Although there are only a few words, the mood is similar and full of interest.

It can be seen that the author is immersed in the unique interest of the scenery in his hometown.

And this was revealed inadvertently. Only in this way, I feel that the love is deep and lasting.

Third, the seemingly insignificant "idle strokes" in the narrative of "beating the horse general" actually show the closeness and unrestrictedness between friends. It can be seen that the idle pen has no other effect.

The text introducing the boat is also unique and unique. The top of the canopy is "two or three inches" away from the head, which means it is short, "you can rest your hands on the left and right strings", it is narrow, "if you are not careful, the bottom of the boat will turn up", it is said to be flexible and light.

"As if sitting on the water" is a special feeling. In the third paragraph, the author takes on the dual role of friend and tour guide and acts as a "consultant" to an old friend's boat trip.

Let’s talk about travel time first and advise old friends not to be “impatient”. This is very consistent with the travel psychology.

Although it is "playing in the water", it is like "touring in the mountains". The light of the water and the scenery of the mountains complement each other beautifully; the author is very familiar with the places and scenes to visit, which places are "most beautiful", which places are "interesting", and which places "should never go", as if he has something hidden in his heart. Zhang Jingcheng's travel maps are not only guides for others, but also for him to travel to his hometown and enjoy himself.

This article shows the author's love for his hometown and his sincere friendship with his friends by writing about the awning boat and other scenery. The article yearns for the "ideal way of pleasure" of "reading essays", "drinking tea", "reading if you want, sleeping if you want", and "moving freely", although it also reflects some dissatisfaction with real life. Emotions, but mainly reflect the author's philosophy of life and life interests of the "scholar-bureaucrat class".

In the fierce class struggle and civil struggle where "the wind blows in the face and wolves and tigers swarm", this kind of carpe die philosophy can easily lead to political depression and wavering. This article is written with ease and ease.

Wherever the letter comes from, the conversation is eloquent. While narrating the objects, it is mixed with artistic insights and philosophical implications, integrating knowledge, ambiguity and philosophy.

The writing is written in an epistolary style, like an old friend meeting again, speaking from the heart, neither avoiding repetition nor focusing on consistency. "At first glance, it seems scattered and too complicated, but after reading carefully, I feel that every sentence of his rambling talk has weight."

(Yu Dafu, "New Literature Series: Preface to the Second Collection of Prose"). This is because the author deliberately pursues a plain and natural artistic realm.

However, the diction has "too much chatter" and is less polished, and the writing is too "astringent", which hinders smooth communication. Extended Appreciation 1. "The Black-Paneled Boat" is one of Zhou Zuoren's most praised early prose works.

When I first read it, it felt trivial and bland. To call it trivial, "Wupeng Boat" describes the purpose, type, structure, and appearance of the awning boat, almost in a rambling manner, fearing that the shape is not detailed and the painting is not thorough.

Those craftsman-like introductions, especially the description of the bow of the ship: "The bow of the ship has frowning eyes and looks like a tiger, but it is still smiling. It is quite funny but not scary." It clearly shows the understanding of the bow of the ship. The close feeling of hometown scenery.

Although the author's tone is very calm, it is not difficult for us to imagine his expression of relish. Those seemingly indifferent adjectives came to life one by one: getting on a paddle boat, "it's like sitting on the water, and when you get close to the bank of the fields, the soil will be close to your eyes and nose."

This feeling is so real, we seem to be sitting in a small boat rocking from side to side, leaning against the soil and grass on the shore. "Wupeng Boat" uses simplified Chinese characters and was written to introduce the scenery of his hometown to his friend Zirongjun from abroad. The details in the narrative slightly reveal a kind of human warmth.

2. Express the writer’s inner mood of leisure, ease, and completely relaxed attitude. The writer uses a free and easy style and plain language to render a situation of things and myself.

Call it plain, "Wupeng Boat", after introducing the boat itself in detail, turns to suggest an attitude to the recipients about riding a awning boat. The writer's opinion is: I think the ship is slow, and the passengers sitting on the ship "should have a mountainous attitude."

During the reading process, we expected the writer to write a few beautiful paragraphs about the boat trip on the water, but as we continued reading, it turned out to be very dull: the surrounding scenery was nothing more than "mountains that can be seen everywhere, and the mountains and rivers on the shore." Chinese tallow trees, red polygonum and white apples by the river, fishing houses, and various bridges. "That's all.

There is no rhetorical decoration, and there is only this sentence for the night boating scene: "It is also very interesting to sleep in the cabin at night and listen to the sound of water oars, the greetings of ships coming and going, as well as the barking of dogs and the crow of cocks in the countryside. ." When it comes to watching temple operas on a boat, I just say, "You can watch when you want to watch, sleep when you want to, and drink when you want to. I think it can be regarded as an ideal way to have fun."

Then it was extended to the ridicule of Shanghai's cat play in "Buye Guild Hall". It’s so bland! However, if you think about it carefully, you will find that this kind of blandness is the writer's conscious blandness.

3. Clearly show a special attitude towards life.

It seemed that he was enumerating the scenery along the river, from the tallow trees, red polygonum and white apples on the bank, to the mountains that could be seen from time to time in the distance, and the various oncoming bridges. He remembered them so clearly; it seemed that he He is describing the fun of night sailing, from the sound of water under the gunwale to the barking of dogs and roosters on the shore, the description is so vivid; it seems that he is lamenting the decline of old customs, from how interesting temple operas are to those newly built The "sea-style" theater is so vulgar, and the likes and dislikes are so clear! But in fact, none of this is the main thing he wants to say.

He not only wants to tell us what scenery there is in his hometown, he also wants us to know how to appreciate these scenery.