History of Light Rail: Fushun Electric Railway1904-the earliest light rail in China.

Fushun electric railway, commonly known as Fushun tram, comes from Japanese tram, which means electric locomotive. Fushun Electric Railway is not a tram (road tram), but a light rail in essence.

The road network was completed in April 1904, and the catenary was completed in June 1906. In April 19 14, the electrification of the whole line was completed. On July, 2009 1, the foreign passenger traffic stopped, the commuter train started irregularly, and the freight was running normally.

1903, the Russian Far East Forest Company and the Russian troops entrenched in Fushun began to build military light rail for the needs of war. The railway started from Sujiatun and was built along the south bank of Hunhe River to Fushun Coal Mine. The main line of the line was repaired to Laohutai Mine and extended to Yangbaibao Mine. The total length of the line is 53.3 kilometers. Wide gauge, the Russo-Japanese War broke out in 1904, and the line was completed in1April 909. In the same year, Qianjinzhai Station (in the original site of the west open pit mine) was built, with 3 arrival and departure lines and 2 stop lines, with a daily cargo loading capacity of 50 tons to 80 tons. 1October 25th, 1904, 10, the catenary was completed, and some lines began to use electric locomotives. This is the earliest electrified means of transportation in Fushun.

1April 905, the Russo-Japanese War ended. Japanese invaders began to annex Fushun coal mine, taking away the right of way of Fushun railway and Fushun coal mine branch line.

In April, 1906, Fushun electric railway, the first rail transit in Chinese mainland, was officially put into operation. Qianjin Zhai Station officially handles passenger and cargo transportation business. At the same time, continue to improve the line. Firstly, the original wide rail is transformed into narrow rail (1.067m). The main line from Sujiatun to Laohutai is extended by 55.90km, the branch line of Yangbaibao Mine is1.442km, and the branch line of Yangbaibao River is 2.736km to Fushun Station (Yong 'an Bridge).

1In July, 908, the narrow gauge railway was transformed into quasi-gauge (1.435 m). After the transformation, the main line from Sujiatun to Fushun Station (Yongantai) is 55.2 km, the Yangbaibao mine line 1.442 km, and the Laohutai branch line is 3.5 km.

19 14 to 10, all lines are transformed to realize electrification; The line to the east of Fushun station is laid under the Fushun coal mine special railway, and an electric station is set up in the corresponding place, with a total length of 40.6 kilometers. There are 8 electric locomotives, including 5 of 25 tons and 3 of 40 tons. There are two buses.

2006 1965438+3. The running bus is an eight-wheeled vehicle with 60 seats, with a body length of14.6m and a width of 2.9m.. There are operating platforms at both ends of the carriage, entrances for getting on and off, and cargo storage areas (cargo storage places). Fushun Station (Qianjin Village Station) handles passenger transportation between the mine and Yongan Bridge. Between fare zones, there are 7 points for special cars and 5 points for ordinary cars in each zone. It is divided into four sections: station (referring to Qianjin Village Station) to Tiger Terrace, Tiger Terrace to Dalian, station to Yong 'an Bridge, and Yong 'an Bridge to Tiger Terrace. At that time, there were three electric buses with 60 seats each. The car body is14.6m long and 2.9m wide. At both ends of the carriage, there are operating platforms and exits for getting on and off, and there are goods storage places inside. The annual passenger traffic was 549,600, and the average daily passenger traffic was 1.5 million.

191711month, the original fare was changed from four to two.

1918 65438+10, passenger transport is subject to "time tickets", which are divided into social (Nanman Railway Co., Ltd.) and general. They are issued by name, and each person only issues one ticket. Tickets are valid in the current month, and there is no interval limit when waiting for the bus.

1926, Qianjin Village Station was abandoned, and a new station was built in Daguantun, named Daguantun Station. The newly-built Daguantun Station has 3 arrival and departure lines, 7 shunting lines and 10 ore line. Since then, Daguantun Station has been responsible for the import and export of coal and other materials in this area.

The earliest stations of Fushun electrified railway are Fushun Station (Qianjin Village Station, at the pit site of today's western open pit mine) and Yong 'an Station (at the foot of today's Yong 'an Mount Tai). Yong 'an Station handles freight and Qianjin Village Fushun Station handles passenger transport. Each station still mainly transports coal and industrial and mining fillings from various wells. By June 1927 and 10, there were 24 electrified railway stations in Fushun.

In April, 1928 "Fushun Carbon Mine Electric Railway Transportation Rules" and "Fushun Carbon Mine Electric Railway Passenger and Cargo Transportation Rules" were promulgated and implemented.

1in April, 929, the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Passenger Train Attendants of Fushun Coal Mine Electric Railway was promulgated and implemented.

1933 In February, the number of electric buses increased to 1 1. Call vehicles 1 1 and organize 8 bus-drawing groups, with 2-3 cards for each bus. At the end of 2006, the passenger traffic was 4,006110,000 passengers, with a daily average of1kloc-0/10,000 passengers. By the end of 1933, the electrified line will be extended139+02km.

/kloc-in 0/935, western Fushun was developed, Xiaoputun (later called Xinshengqiao) railway bridge was built, electrified lines were laid, and buses could run to the liquefaction plant (now No.3 Petroleum Plant). By 1940 in August, the total extension line reached 188.729 km. 1935, the bus goes from east to west via the ancient city of He Zi Railway Bridge to the liquefaction plant (now the third petroleum plant).

1939 passenger traffic increased to 108385438+0000, with an average of 29700 passengers per day.

1940 in March, the number of buses increased to 24.

194 1 year, several large enterprises in western Fushun were built and put into operation, and the construction of electrified railway lines in western Fushun was also completed. 1 1 June, 2008, the western passenger transport extended to light metal station (now Fushun aluminum plant) and iron-making test plant station (now Fushun steel plant), which were the terminal stations. Due to the construction of Dongzhou Oil Plant (now No.2 Oil Plant), a 1 .88m long/Dongzhou electric railway bridge (single-track bridge) was built, which made the locomotive temporarily connected to Dongzhou Oil Plant Station.

1944 officially opened to dongyouchang station. So far, the total extension of urban electrified lines is 206 kilometers and the catenary is 209 kilometers.

From April 65438 to April 0949, the Operation Diagram of Electric Railway Passenger Cars was compiled, and a passenger car dispatching desk was set up in the dispatching room of electric railway to direct the passenger car operation. From then on, the bus runs according to the bus operation diagram. In the same year, Fushun West Bus Line extended westward from Jianchang Station to Machine Repair Station. At the end of the year, there were 37 passenger cars, including electric cars 15 and 22 attached cars. The annual traffic volume 1459780 person-times, with an average of 40000 person-times per day. To 1949, * * there are 32 stations distributed on four trunk lines.

1953 formulated the passenger transport rules for electrified railways.

By the end of' 1965, there were 23 buses/kloc-0 (88 electric buses, 7 buses in Astrotrain and 28 boxcars), and the annual passenger traffic reached 433 14200.

From 1966 to 1976, the passenger traffic decreased year by year, and to 1968, the passenger traffic decreased to the level in the early days of the founding of New China.

From 1978 to 1985, the passenger traffic has developed greatly, and the number of buses has increased to 162 (electric buses 1 14, boxcars 19, Astrotrain 29). The annual passenger traffic reached 56 million passengers, and the whole line reached 80,000 passengers in the morning and evening rush hours, the highest level in history.

By 2009, the total length of Fushun Electric Railway is 30 1.9km, and the urban area is 80 km across Wanghua, Xinfu and Dongzhou, extending to the suburbs. At present, it is the largest and longest electrified local railway with standard gauge in China. On July 30th, 2004, 1904, Hong Kong opened trams, but there are no tracks and light rails in Taiwan Province Province. On June 1996, the first MRT subway in Taiwan Province Province was opened. June 2 1906 Tianjin Tram Opened to Traffic Shanghai February 6 1908 Dalian September 25 1909 Nanjing 1920 Beijing 1924 (1899 Shenyang1. October 65438 Fushun Electric Railway1June 904 was basically completed, with mixed passenger and freight transportation, and1April 906 was officially opened to the outside world (in fact, the whole city was mainly industrial workers in coal mines at that time). Fushun Electric Railway is not only the earliest light rail in China, but also the earliest rail transit in Chinese mainland, which can be called the first rail transit in China.

Fushun Electric Railway, the transportation department of Fushun Mining Group, as one of the leading enterprises of urban rail, has repeatedly supported the construction of electrified railways in cities and mines across the country. The rail transit construction in Beijing Subway, Qitaihe River in Heilongjiang, Coal Mine Railway of Shanxi Coal Management Bureau and other places all have professional technicians and managers transported by Fushun. If traced back to the source, Fushun Electric Railway can be called the mother of national rail transit and electric passenger transport. Fushun electric railway passenger transport has experienced a hundred years of vicissitudes from the completion of 1904 railway to the suspension of foreign passenger transport in July 2009 1, which is also the eternal memory of every Fushun person!

Fushun Electric Railway has its own unique advantages. As the earliest urban light rail line in China, it uses the earliest EMU car body in China, owns the earliest electric locomotive factory in China in 19 14, and the supporting production and service enterprises of Fushun Mining Group such as the vehicle factory, maintenance center and railway equipment factory of the Ministry of Transport. It once undertook the public transportation of the whole city and has more than 100 years of operating experience.

On July 1 day, 2009, Fushun Electric Railway stopped passenger transport. The main reason is that Fushun Electric Railway, which belonged to Fushun Mining Group before 2009, needs financial subsidies from Fushun, a local government. Fushun Mining Group subsidizes Fushun Electric Railway passenger transport for more than 5 million yuan every year as public transportation, but the former Fushun municipal government did not act, forcing enterprises to stop Fushun Electric Railway!

The defect of Fushun electric railway line is that it covers the old city and lacks the network ring of the whole city and the new city. The 80km line of Fushun Electric Railway passes through Dongzhou District, Xinfu District and Wanghua District, which account for three quarters of the main urban area. In fact, it is no different from other urban rail transit lines such as Japan, Changchun and Dalian. Simply transform the original line into a backbone network, build some flexible feeder stations, reach the center of residential areas, and form a light rail network covering the whole city.

Thirdly, the electric railway car body is backward and has been upgraded to a modern light rail car body. For example, Changchun light rail is composed of 2-4 cards, which is faster than 8-section long cars. 10 minute bus operation will drive the passenger flow to increase continuously.

It is the expectation of every Fushun person and national car fans to resume the foreign passenger transport of Fushun Electric Railway, the earliest light rail in China.

hope

Fushun public transport planning (20 15-2020) has drawn a beautiful blueprint for urban transport, in which the development of rail transit and the reuse of electrified railways have become the highlights.

At an appropriate time, restart the electric railway passenger transport, flexibly organize the departure, and serve tourists.

We will wait and see which municipal party committee and municipal government will resume the operation of electric railway, which will be recorded in Fushun history forever.