Information and introduction about Terracotta Warriors and Horses

The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the First Qin Dynasty were discovered in 1974, and then a grand museum was built here, which opened on 1979 National Day. After the opening of the world's rare Qin Terracotta Warriors Museum, it quickly caused a sensation at home and abroad. It is regarded as an ancient miracle and one of the most important archaeological discoveries in contemporary times. Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses amazed the audience with their huge scale, magnificent scenes and superb scientific and artistic level. With the Qin Terracotta Warriors Museum, the ancient city Xi soon became one of the most important tourist cities in China. Tourists from home and abroad have come here. Most foreign heads of state and other distinguished guests visiting our country should put visiting the Terracotta Warriors on their agenda. The Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit is about 1.5 km east of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum. There are three pits, one, two and three. The first pit was discovered by local farmers when they were drilling wells, and then the second and third pits were discovered one after another after drilling wells. The first pit is the largest, with a length of 230m from east to west, a width of 6 12m and a total area of 14260m2. There are about 6,000 life-size pottery figurines buried in this pit, and more than 1000 have been cleaned up so far. It is unbelievable to find such a large, numerous and lifelike pottery figurines in the ground. Entering the hall of the museum, I saw thousands of life-size warriors lined up neatly at a depth of 5 meters underground, all in bronze, with a height of 1.8 to 1.97 meters. They are magnificent and daunting. There are 32 pottery horses as big as real horses. Ma Tao is a group of four horses, dragging wooden chariots. Terracotta Warriors and Horses are arranged in three rows facing east, with 70 warrior figures in each row, ***2 10, which seems to be the vanguard of the army array. Followed by infantry and chariots, a total of 38 columns, each column is about 180 meters long, which seems to be the main body of the army array. On the left and right sides, there is a horizontal team facing the north and south. Each team has about 180 soldiers, which seems to be the two wings of the army. There is a column of warriors facing west at the western end, which seems to be the guardian of the army array. Some warriors and friends wear battle robes, others wear armor, and the bronze weapons in their hands are all real objects. Well-organized, team purge. Dozens of war horses hissed with their heads held high, ready to go. The whole army is ready to go. The majestic military array represents Qin Shihuang's military achievements and dignity in order to accomplish the great cause of reunifying China. The art history of these terracotta warriors and horses is very valuable. The creation of terracotta warriors and horses is based on real life, and its artistic techniques are delicate and vivid. The costumes and expressions of the Terracotta Warriors are different. There are many kinds of hairstyles, different gestures and different facial expressions. From their costumes, expressions and gestures, we can tell whether they are officers or soldiers, infantry or cavalry. There are veterans with beards who have fought many battles and young people who have just stepped into the battlefield. Ordinary figurines, as high as 1.96 meters, stand upright and concentrate on thinking, showing a firm and powerful appearance. The figure of a soldier, with his head slightly raised and his eyes looking straight ahead, looks high-spirited and childish. The soldier is wearing a shovel, holding a long handle and pressing the car with his left hand, which shows that he is a defensive soldier. In a word, pottery figurines have distinct personality and strong characteristics of the times. These poems about military forces are a treasure house of sculpture art, adding luster to the splendid ancient culture of the Chinese nation and a glorious page to the history of world art. The bronze weapons unearthed in the pit of terracotta warriors and horses include swords, spears, halberds, machetes and a large number of crossbows and arrows. According to the test data, these Cu-Sn alloy weapons have been chrome-plated. Although they have been buried in the soil for more than 2,000 years, their blades are still sharp and shiny, which shows that they already had high metallurgical technology at that time, which is a miracle in the world metallurgical history. 199 1 years ago, the Qin Terracotta Warriors Museum opened the No.1 pit. 199 1 September, No.3 pit was officially opened. The area of No.3 pit is only one twenty-seventh of that of No.1 pit. However, from the analysis of chariots, warriors and other artifacts unearthed from this pit, this pit may be used as the headquarters of pits 1 and 2.

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Information about Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang

According to historical records, Ying Zheng, the first Qin Emperor, began to build a cemetery when he ascended the throne at the age of 13. The cemetery was planned and designed by Prime Minister Rees, and General Zhang Han will supervise the construction.

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Brief introduction of terracotta warriors and horses

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Brief introduction of terracotta warriors and horses of Qin Shihuang

Terracotta Warriors and Horses, the first batch of Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses, also known as Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses, are the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units and the first batch of Chinese world heritage.

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Brief introduction of terracotta warriors and horses

Qin Shihuang Terracotta Warriors Pit is located in the south of Xiyang Village, 6 kilometers east of Lintong District, Xi, and at the west of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum 1225 meters, which is the largest one in Qin Shihuang Mausoleum.

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Information about Terracotta Warriors 100 words.

The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang are located in xiyang village, 5 kilometers east of Lintong District, Xi City, Shaanxi Province. The mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor was built from 246 BC to 208 BC.

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Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the Qin Dynasty

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Information and introduction about Terracotta Warriors and Horses

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Brief introduction of terracotta warriors and horses of Qin Shihuang

Terracotta Warriors and Horses, namely the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang, are the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units and the first batch of Chinese world heritage. They are located in the Terracotta Warriors Pit 1.5 km east of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum in Lintong District, Xi City, Shaanxi Province. Terracotta warriors and horses are a category of ancient tomb sculptures. In ancient times, human sacrifice was practiced, and slaves were accessories of slave owners before their death. When they die, the slaves will be buried with the slave owners as sacrifices. Terracotta warriors and horses were made into sacrifices in the shape of troops (chariots, horses and soldiers). 196 1 On March 4th, the mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor was announced by the State Council as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. 1in March, 974, the Terracotta Warriors were discovered. From 65438 to 0987, the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor and the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit were approved by UNESCO to be included in the World Heritage List, which was known as "the eighth wonder of the world". More than 200 foreign heads of state and government have visited China successively, which has become a gold-lettered business card of ancient splendid civilization and is regarded as one of the top ten treasures of ancient tombs in the world. Extended data:

The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum, which had been sleeping in the ground for more than 2,000 years, were discovered by several ordinary farmers in Xiyang Village, Lintong County in the chilly spring of 1974. Qin terracotta warriors and horses woke up. As more than 8,000 warriors in the mighty underground army array meet the world one after another, the world is shocked. The most vivid, appropriate and exciting evaluation is: "Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses can be said to be the eighth wonder of the world!" The first person to call Qin Terracotta Warriors "the eighth wonder of the world" was the foreign head of state, Mr. Chirac, who was then the mayor of Paris and is now the president of France. The door of the "Eighth Wonder of the World" was opened, and the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum was officially opened on June 1 979+1October1day. The museum of Qin figurines makes full use of the site, excavates, displays, builds and opens, which makes the museum grow and develop continuously in the open exhibition. Since then, the Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses, the world's largest ancient military formation, have conquered modern people in the 20th century with their "large, diverse, exquisite and beautiful", attracting countless Chinese and foreign guests to flock in and compete for a quick look. The appearance of Qin terracotta warriors and horses caused a great sensation at home and abroad. Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses array shocked the whole world with its majestic momentum, colorful charm and profound historical and cultural connotation, and touched countless domestic and foreign audiences, forming an enduring "Qin Warrior fever". Every day, inside and outside the museum, the traffic is busy and guests at home and abroad gather. In front of thousands of lifelike terracotta warriors and horses, some people are amazed, and some people stare thoughtfully ... Wu Yongqi, director of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum, told reporters that more than 80 million people have visited the Terracotta Warriors and Horses at home and abroad since the Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses were excavated for 30 years and the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum was built for 25 years. Surprisingly, 187 batches 150 foreign heads of state have visited the terracotta warriors and horses in Xi 'an, and expressed their amazement and praise for the Qin terracotta warriors and horses in different languages. Singaporean Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew lamented: "Great historical relics show the great future of China." 1976 in may, lee Kuan yew, then prime minister of Singapore, was fortunate to be the first foreign head of government to witness the miracle of the terracotta warriors and horses in Qin dynasty. At that time, the construction of the museum of Qin figurines was in a tense period. In order to satisfy his wish, archaeologists cleaned up the pottery figurines before backfilling the No.1 pit. At 3: 30 pm, Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew watched it carefully in a small trial pit for more than 40 minutes. He almost hugged a standing Qin figurine, then gently touched the face and upper body of the figurine with his hand, slowly seeing his feet from the beginning, and carefully watching his head from the feet. He excitedly said to his wife and daughter beside him, "The discovery of Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses is a miracle of the world and the pride of the nation", "My ancestors were also from China, and I have my share". 1September, 985, he went to the Qin Terracotta Warriors Museum for the second time and saw the great changes in the Qin Terracotta Warriors Museum. He said with great emotion: "China, a great historical site, shows the great future of China." People's Network-The Eighth Wonder of Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses

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Information about Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang

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Brief introduction of terracotta warriors and horses of Qin Shihuang

Terracotta Warriors and Horses, namely the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang, are the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units and the first batch of Chinese world heritage. They are located in the Terracotta Warriors Pit 1.5 km east of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum in Lintong District, Xi City, Shaanxi Province. Terracotta warriors and horses are a category of ancient tomb sculptures. In ancient times, human sacrifice was practiced, and slaves were accessories of slave owners before their death. When they die, the slaves will be buried with the slave owners as sacrifices. Terracotta warriors and horses were made into sacrifices in the shape of troops (chariots, horses and soldiers). 196 1 On March 4th, the mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor was announced by the State Council as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. 1in March, 974, the Terracotta Warriors were discovered. From 65438 to 0987, the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor and the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit were approved by UNESCO to be included in the World Heritage List, which was known as "the eighth wonder of the world". More than 200 foreign heads of state and government have visited here successively, becoming the gold-lettered business card of China's splendid ancient civilization and being regarded as one of the top ten treasures of ancient tombs in the world. Historical Evolution "Historical Records" records that the planning and design of the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor was started by Prime Minister Li Si according to the convention, and general Zhang Han supervised the construction for 39 years. Terracotta Warriors and Horses were built at the same time as the Qin Mausoleum and buried in burial pits. In the first year of Zi Ying in the Qin Dynasty (206 BC), the mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor suffered the first and possibly the biggest disaster. According to historical records, such as Biography of Emperor Gaozu, The First History of Emperor Gaozi in the first volume of Hanshu, Biography of Kings in Chu Yuan in the thirty-sixth volume of Hanshu, etc., Xiang Yu destroyed the mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor on a large scale after entering the customs. Ground buildings were destroyed, tombs were excavated, and terracotta warriors and horses were seriously damaged in this catastrophe. Archaeological excavations show that there are black charcoal remains in pits 1 and 2, indicating that the collapse of pits 1 and 2 was caused by fire. 1in March, 974, farmers in xiyang village, Lishan Town, Lintong County, found several life-size clay figurines fired by broken clay when they were drilling a well at Lingdong 1.5km. After the exploration and trial excavation by the Shaanxi Provincial Archaeological Team, the Terracotta Warriors and Horses came to light again. 1July, 974, archaeologists began to excavate the pit of Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses on the east side of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum in Lintong County, Shaanxi Province. 1987 65438+In February, the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor and the Terracotta Warriors were included in the World Heritage List. On June 13, 2009, the third large-scale excavation of No.1 pit of Terracotta Warriors and Horses in Qin Shihuang Mausoleum began. The identity of cultural relics unearthed from extended materials can be divided into two categories: soldiers and military attaché s, and military attaché s can be divided into junior, intermediate and senior. Ordinary soldiers don't wear crowns, and officers wear crowns. The crown of an ordinary military attache is different from that of a general, and even the armor is different. Among them, soldiers and figures include infantry, cavalry and chariots. According to actual needs, soldiers of different arms have different equipment. Most terracotta warriors and horses are in the pit. Most of them are equipped with bronze weapons, including bows, crossbows, arrows, beryllium, spears, bows, paddles, swords, machetes and cymbals. They are dressed in exquisite armor and have colored silk threads on their chests. The military attache will wear a long crown, and the number of trials will be more. There are differences in the face, figure, expression, eyebrows, eyes and age of Qin terracotta warriors. Terracotta warriors and horses in chariots, that is, soldiers on chariots except drivers and drivers. Generally, there are two soldiers on a chariot, namely, left figurines and right figurines. The figurines on the left side of the chariot are covered with long rafts, armour, shin guards, spears, spears, daggers, halberds and other long weapons in their left hand, and the right hand presses the chariot. The clothing of the right fighter is the same as that of the left fighter, but the posture is opposite. They are the main battle forces of chariots, but according to the literature, there are certain differences in weapon configuration and operational responsibilities. From the weapons found around the site of Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit, it can be seen that the left and right sides of Qin Dynasty chariots were equipped with long weapons such as swords and spears and long weapons such as crossbows, indicating that the division of labor between the left and right sides of chariots was not very clear at that time. Vertical shooting figurines are a special unit in Qin figurines. Unearthed on the east side of No.2 pit, the weapon is crossbow. Together with the kneeling figures, they formed the crossbowman army. The vertical shooting figurines are located in the front, dressed in light combat robes, tied in a bun, with a belt around their waist, feet tied with square feet and pointed shoes. Their clothes are light and flexible. This posture is as recorded in Wu Yue Chun Qiu, "The shooting method is that the left foot is vertical and the right foot is horizontal. If the left hand supports the branch and the right hand holds the child, this is also the way to hold the crossbow. " The posture of the vertical shooting figurines is consistent with the literature records, which shows that the shooting skills in the Qin Shihuang era have developed to a high level, and various movements have formed a set of standardized models, which have been inherited by future generations. Like the vertical shooting figurines, it was unearthed in the east of No.2 pit, and its weapon was crossbow, which together with the vertical shooting figurines formed the crossbowmen array. Vertical shooting figurines are located in the front of the array, and kneeling figurines are located in the center of the array. Kneeling figurines are dressed in battle armor, with their heads in a bun on the left side, their feet stepping on the four sides, their pointed shoes on the same side, their left legs squatting, their upper bodies slightly turning to the left, and their hands swinging up and down on the right side of their bodies with bows, showing the practice of individual soldiers with bows. In the sculpture art of kneeling figures, one thing is very valuable, that is, their soles are carefully portrayed by craftsmen with dense stitches, which reflects the extremely rigorous realism spirit and makes the viewers of later generations feel a very rich life atmosphere from Qin terracotta warriors. Of all the terracotta warriors and horses unearthed, the only one was found to be extremely complete. There is a red coating on the armor behind him, which is very precious. Warrior figurines are ordinary soldiers, with an average height of about 1.8 meters. As the main body of the army array, the most unearthed terracotta warriors and horses pits can be divided into two categories according to their different clothes, namely warriors in battle robes and warriors in armor. As the main battle force, it is distributed in the whole army array. Warrior warriors are mostly distributed in the front, flexible and mobile; The figure of armored soldiers is distributed in the array. Both types of soldiers are armed with actual combat weapons, with high temperament and movement in silence. In terms of identity, military attaché s are lower than ordinary people and have middle and lower classes. In the pit of Qin figurines, the number is very small, and less than ten pieces have been unearthed, which are divided into two categories: general figurines in battle robes and general figurines in armor. From the appearance, armored generals wear double crowns or single crowns, and there are several different forms of armor. The samurai's clothes are simple, but his chest is decorated with flower knots, while his chest, back and shoulders are decorated with eight colorful flower knots, which are colorful and elegant, setting off his rank, status and majesty in the army. Military attache figurines are different from general figurines in dress, but they are also slightly different in spirit. Military attache figurines are generally not as plump and majestic as general figurines, but they are relatively tall, broad-shouldered, tall and solemn as a whole. 1 6 cavalry figurines unearthed in pits 2 and 2, 1 16, mostly used for surprise attacks in wartime. Because of the special arms, the clothing of cavalry is obviously different from that of infantry and chariots. They wear small round hats, jackets with tight sleeves and right lapels, tight cuffs, short boots, short and small armor, no shoulders and no armor on their hands. The clothes are short and light, with a horse in one hand and a bow in the other. From this special costume, we can clearly see that from the ancient cavalry tactics, the agility of knights is a basic requirement. The image of cavalry unearthed in No.2 pit is the earliest cavalry object found in the archaeological history of China so far. Therefore, it provides very precious archaeological data for the study of cavalry costumes and equipment at that time. These hand-operated figurines are drivers of chariots and were unearthed in three pits. The general is dressed in a long raft, armor, arm armor and wrist, hand armor, shin guards, neck armor around the neck, wearing a headscarf and a long crown, and holding his arm forward as a pulling rope. Because chariots are extremely lethal in ancient wars, the position of riders is particularly important in ancient wars, especially in chariot wars, and even directly related to the outcome of the war. There are four pottery horses in front of each chariot in the chariot pit. Ma Tao is about the size of a real horse, about 2 2. 10/0m long and1.72m high. The shapes of the four horses are basically the same. They all cut their manes and tied their tails, held their heads high with their necks upturned and hissed with their mouths open. The two horses in the middle shrugged their ears and looked forward; Hummers on both sides of the neck slightly twisted outward, ready to move, unusually handsome. The pottery horses unearthed from the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit of Qin Dynasty are basically the same as the real horses unearthed from the stable pit of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum in terms of length, height and proportion of various parts of the body, which shows that they are made after the real horses. The main characteristics of horses are small head, short neck and wide head, which belongs to Hequ (now Taohe area of Gansu Province). The pommel horse unearthed from Terracotta Warriors Pit No.2 is1.72m in head height and1.33m in shoulder height ... Judging from the shape of the horse, the pottery horse unearthed from Terracotta Warriors Pit is small in size, with a heavy nose, a thick and short neck, a low bun, a wide and slightly concave back, a wide chest and developed limbs. It belongs to the Lamar type with both strength and speed, and it is also a good horse to ride. Judging from the relevant laws of Yunmeng Qin bamboo slips, pommel horse mainly comes from official stables. County Sima is responsible for the training and selection of military horses in the county stable garden, so the quality of military horses is directly related to county Sima. The Qin dynasty has always been famous for raising horses. By the Qin dynasty, the horse industry was more prosperous, and there were stables in the central and local areas for cavalry and chariots to use horses. Baidu encyclopedia-terracotta warriors and horses

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Brief introduction of terracotta warriors and horses

The pit of Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang is located in the south of Xiyang Village, 6 kilometers east of Lintong District, Xi, at the west of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum 1225 meters. It is the largest group of burial pits in the mausoleum of Qin Shihuang, and the huge Terracotta Warriors buried in the pits are the epitome of the powerful army of the Qin Dynasty. 1974, farmers in xiyang village discovered the Terracotta Warriors that shocked China and foreign countries. It consists of three pits of different sizes, numbered as pit No.1, pit No.2 and pit No.3 respectively. The total area of the three pits is nearly 20,000 square meters. There are about 8,000 terracotta figures and horses in the pit, similar in size to real people and horses, and tens of thousands of practical weapons. Pottery figurines and horses in the pit are arranged in the formation of ancient troops. Inside the No.1 pit is a rectangular army array consisting of more than 6,000 pottery figurines, pottery horses and more than 40 chariots. Pit 2 is a mixed infantry array, with more than 900 terracotta warriors and horses, 89 chariots, 356 terracotta warriors and horses, and more than 0/00 pommel horse/kloc. There are 68 terracotta figures, 4 terracotta warriors and horses, 1 chariot in the third pit, which is the high command of the first and second pit corps. All kinds of unearthed pottery figurines are divided into general figurines, military attache figurines and warrior figurines according to their identities. Their costumes, crowns and gods are different and varied, and thousands of figurines do not have the same face. It fully embodies the wisdom of the ancient working people in China and the great creation in the history of ancient civilization in China, and is deeply loved by people all over the world. Known as "the eighth wonder of the world", it is the greatest discovery in the archaeological history of the 20th century, and has been listed in the World Cultural Heritage List by UNESCO. Terracotta Warriors and Horses are the pride of China people and the wealth of all mankind.

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Information about Terracotta Warriors 100 words.

The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang are located in xiyang village, 5 kilometers east of Lintong District, Xi City, Shaanxi Province. The mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor was built from 246 BC to 208 BC, which lasted for 39 years. It is the first mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor in China, and the first imperial mausoleum in China with large scale, reasonable layout and good preservation. The existing mausoleum is 76 meters high, and the layout of the cemetery is similar to Xianyang, Qin Dou. It is divided into two cities, the inner city is 2.5 kilometers and the outer city is 6.3 kilometers. The mausoleum is located in the southwest of the inner city, facing east from west, and houses coffins and funerary objects. It is the core of the Qin Shihuang Mausoleum complex and has not been excavated so far. Extended data:

1On March 29th, 974, during the drought in Shaanxi Province, Yang Zhifa, a villager in Lintong County, accidentally found fragments of Terracotta Warriors and Horses while digging a well to draw water. At that time, villagers called these pottery sculptures Waye. When people first saw the Terracotta Warriors, their clothes and weapons were still very bright and beautiful, which lasted for two thousand years. However, when archaeologists excavated them, they gradually peeled off and disappeared within a few minutes due to the influence of air oxidation, leaving only the clay color in the impression of the general public. From 1976- 1978, the archaeological team has added personnel for archaeology, protection, photography and restoration, and all excavation work has been carried out in an all-round way. 1 97910 June1day, the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum of Qin Shihuang began to show to tourists at home and abroad.