What is the "point-axis belt theory"?

Point-axis development theory Point-axis theory is a regional development theory that rose in the mid-1980s. Based on the inverted U-shaped correlation law of economic growth and balance, it is considered that the country is still in an unbalanced development stage, and point-axis development is the most effective spatial organization form at this stage. Point-axis development, that is, point-axis gradual diffusion development.

The specific application to China includes three aspects: First, a number of areas connecting major towns, industrial and mining areas and nearby areas with good resources and agricultural conditions are designated as development axes for development. The second is to determine the key development center cities on each development axis, and stipulate the development direction, service and attraction areas of each city. At the same time, determine the hierarchical system and development axis of central towns. Third, develop advanced central cities and regions with great influence on the axis, and concentrate national and local efforts to develop; With the continuous strengthening of national and regional economic strength, more and more attention is paid to the lower development axis and development center in economic development. At the same time, the development axis gradually extends to underdeveloped areas, including developed areas and areas far away from central cities, and points that were not used as central cities in the past are determined as lower-level development centers.

The theoretical basis of the point-axis development model is that most social and economic objects are generated and gathered at some points with special advantages, forming towns with different sizes and functions, and the interaction between towns is carried out through linear infrastructure (various traffic lines, power supply lines, water supply lines, etc.). ). After social and economic objects gather in space, they will spread their influence to the surrounding areas, which is diffusion. Generally, diffusion is gradual, not flat-pushing, nor long-span jumping, and the degree decreases with the expansion of scope and the increase of distance. But with the extension of the distance, a larger spindle will be formed with more central points. On a large scale, it will eventually lead to the overall diffusion and spatial passage from point to axis, so that land resources and space in various places can be fully and relatively balanced developed and utilized.

The theory of point-axis development includes:

First of all, focus on the development of coastal, riverside and riverside areas, so that they will gradually become the growth axis of the country's future development.

Secondly, in the current situation of limited national financial input, the central and western regions should actively choose and cultivate growth poles, growth zones and growth centers with great development advantages and potential in order to revitalize the central and western economies. The central region has superior geographical conditions, rich mineral deposits, relatively dense cities and great development potential. The advantage of the west lies mainly in its rich resources. The western region should give full play to the advantages of water resources, environmental resources, natural resources and mineral resources, and set out from regional characteristics to quickly establish an economic growth pole. For those "points" that can become growth poles, we may learn from the development experience of southeast coastal areas, implement special policies and flexible measures, attract foreign investment, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and eastern capital investment, and reproduce the SAR effect.

Finally, the all-round opening of border areas will make it a hot spot for foreign trade and investment. Developing and opening up the frontier is not only of political significance, but also of far-reaching significance to social stability and national security. Therefore, we should focus on the construction of border special economic zones, make them the growth point of economic development in areas open along the Yangtze River, make them the driving force of border economic development through high-level export processing, and continuously expand the breadth and depth of opening up through various forms of economic cooperation to better promote the development of border economy.

The theory of point-axis development basically conforms to the objective law of spatial movement of productive forces. First of all, through the development of key axes and gradual diffusion, it makes up for the shortcomings of the progressive model of gradient plates, and truly exerts the main advantages, which is conducive to transforming the regional dual structure and promoting the rural economic development around cities and towns, so as to better coordinate the economic development between cities and regions and between regions.

Secondly, through the combination of "point" and "axis", there is a spatial structure from point to axis and from axis to surface, showing a three-dimensional structure and grid situation, which has great advantages for the horizontal flow of information and the horizontal connection of economy. In addition, it will help to optimize the allocation of resources to the maximum extent and avoid the unreasonable flow of resources. At the same time, it is also conducive to eliminating regional market barriers and promoting the formation of a unified national market.